f 


LIBRARY 

OF  THE 

University  of  California. 

GIFT  OF 

UiAvn    t.Oi^n,    U.C.  \c\o\. 
Accession  85985 Class 7.4.Q 

ZW1 

V 

NUMERIS  DESIGNANTUR 
HAEC  AEDIFICIA. 

I.  Tn  Foro  Olitorio. 
-    1.  Temp]aSpei,Pietatis,Iunonis 
II.  In  Foro  Boario. 

2.  Templum  Fortunae. 
.  T.  Matutae. 

4.  T;Pudiciti»,.Patriciae. 

5.  T.  Herculis. 

III.  luxta  Circum  Maximum. 

6.  Templum  Cereris. 

IV.  Ad  Portam  Trigeminam. 

7.  Templum  Herculis. 


- 


Lui-ulliiini      J§^ 


fit 


'   Lucullian!     Jp 


REGIONES  AUGUSTI. 

I.    Porta  Capena. 

N.    Caeliinontium. 

HI.    Isis  et  Serapis. 

IV.    Templum  Pacig. 

V.  Esquiliae. 

VI.  Alta  Semita. 
Vn.   Via  Lata. 

VIII.  Foruirt  Romanum 
IX.  Circus  Flaminius. 
X.  Palatium. 
XI.  Circus  Maximus. 
XII.  Piscina  Publica. 
XT1I.  Aventinus. 
XIV.  Trans  Tiberim. 


X  a  *%  v% 

Sci^   ^    ^  Modi 


"/ 


0  100  200  300  400  600  COO  700  800  900  1000 


\8R  Af?7 

TTN I  7XKSITY 
ifi£:CALlFOfSS> 


VIA  LATINA 


EASY    LATIN    READER 


WILLIAM  C.  COLLAR 

Head-Master  Roxbury  Latin  School 


with 

VOCABULARY 

BY 

CLARENCE   W.  GLEASON 

Master  in  Roocbury  Latin  School 


CALlFO^ 


Boston,  U.S.A.,  and  London 

GINN  &  COMPANY,  PUBLISHERS 

QLbt  &tI)cn<Titm  ])vc&& 

1897 


Gt/n/n  &>CoavpaNy 

pyBbisHens 

Boston.  New  York.  Chicago 
^tlaWta. Dallas' ColUtidUs.  5an  Francisco  \, 
London 

Presented  io 


Copyright,  1897,  by 
WILLIAM   C.  COLLAR 


ALL   RIGHTS   RESERVED 


nJP^ 


1 


PREFACE, 


The  Latin  problem,  so  far  as  it  relates  to  secondary 
schools,  remains  but  partially  solved.  The  beggarly 
results  of  much  study  of  Latin  in  preparation  for  college 
are  not  denied,  and  cannot  be,  for  they  are  patent.  In 
1896  nearly  a  third  of  the  applicants  for  admission  to 
Harvard  failed  on  the  final  examination  in  Latin,  and  in 
1895  a  little  more  than  one-third.  But  it  is  very  well 
known  that  the  pass  mark  on  the  entrance  examination 
is  very  low.  It  is  said  to  be  no  more  than  forty  per  cent, 
and  there  are  indications  that  it  is  sometimes  lower.  If 
one-third  fail  to  obtain  the  lowest  admissible  mark,  prob- 
atly  it  would  be  safe  to  assume  that  another  third  do  not 
get  higher  than  from  forty  to  sixty  per  cent,  leaving  only 
a  third  of  the  entire  number  who  are  able  to  pass  the 
Harvard  test  in  a  creditable,  or  even  satisfactory,  manner. 

One  might  appeal  to  the  experience  of  teachers.  How 
many  are  there  who  do  not  find  what  seem  reasonable 
expectations  and  hopes  disappointed  ?  How  many  who 
do  not  often  contemplate  with  amazement  and  mortifica- 
tion the  wretched  fruit  of  honest  study  and  sound  instruc- 
tion? It  must  be  sorrowfully  admitted  that  our  boys  and 
girls  do  not  learn  to  speak  Latin,  or  to  understand  it,  or 
to  write  it,  or  even  to  read  it. 

What  is  the  secret  of  this  failure,  disappointment,  and 
discontent  ?     I  believe  the  answer  is  to  be  found  in  the 

85985 


iv  PREFACE. 

prevailing  underestimate  of  the  difficulty  of  learning 
Latin.  Latin  was  never  an  easy  language,  but  it  was 
certainly  easier  for  the  generations  that  did  not  question 
its  .educational  value,  than  for  this,  that  questions  and 
doubts  everything.  Not  recognizing  its  inherent  difficulty, 
we  commit  two  capital  mistakes.  We  do  not  allow  suffi- 
cient time,  and  we  do  not  provide  for  an  easy  and  gradual 
progression. 

Both  these  errors  are  glanced  at  in  the  report  of  the 
Latin  Conference  to  the  "  Committee  of  Ten"  in  1892. 
In  recommending  a  lengthening  of  the  Latin  preparatory 
course,  the  Conference  says  :  "The  aggregate  of  one 
thousand  or  twelve  hundred  hours  is  much  below  the 
average  in  the  schools  of  England,  France,  and  Germany. 
The  explanation  of  the  undeniable  fact  that,  in  the  coun- 
tries just  named,  Latin  has  been  more  successfully 
employed  than  with  us  as  an  instrument  for  training  the 
mind  to  habits  of  intellectual  conscientiousness,  patience, 
discrimination,  and  thoroughness,  —  in  a  word,  to  habits 
of  clear  and  sound  thinking,  —  doubtless  lies  partly  in 
the  more  liberal  allowance  of  time." 

Touching  the  second  error,  the  Conference  deprecates 
the  immediate  transition  from  a  first-year  book  of  forms 
and  simple  constructions  to  the  reading  of  a. classic  author 
in  Latin,  and  especially  the  absurdity  of  a  plunge  at 
once  into  the  Gallic  War.  It  recommends  the  use  of 
easy  reading  to  prepare  the  learner,  by  an  enlarged 
vocabulary  and  practice  in  translating  Latin  not  beyond 
his  powers,  for  the  severer  task  that  confronts  him  when 
he  takes  up  Nepos,  Caesar,  or  Ovid. 

If  these  suggestions  of  the  Conference  were  carefully 
carried  out,  the  study  of  Latin  with  us  would  be  revolu- 


PREFACE.  V 

tionized.  Why  should  it  not  be  ?  What  could  with  more 
certainty  predetermine  failure  in  any  subject  than  to  give 
to  it  no  more  than  two-thirds,  or  even  half,  the  time 
needed  for  its  mastery  ?  How  can  we  hope  to  do  in  four 
or  five  years  what  foreign  schools,  taught  by  accomplished 
scholars  and  trained  teachers,  need  eight  or  nine  years  to 
achieve  ?  If  it  is  worth  while  to  study  Latin  at  all  it  must 
have  a  larger  allotment  of  time.  How  is  this  possible 
with  our  present  crowded  programmes  ?  There  is  only 
one  way.  Latin  must  be  begun  one,  two,  or  even  three 
years  earlier  than  is  common  in  this  country.  Instead 
of  beginning  at  fourteen,  the  average  age  now,  the  study 
should  not  be  deferred  beyond  the  eleventh  or  twelfth 
year. 

Here,  I  say,  is  our  first  capital  error,  but  we  aggravate 
it  by  another,  as  has  been  already  indicated.  We  do 
not  mount  our  Hill  of  Difficulty  by  a  winding  way  and  a 
gentle  incline.  No,  we  strike  a  bee  line  for  the  top, 
regardless  of  obstacles,  over  height  and  hollow, 

"  Thorough  bush,  thorough  brier," 

with  the  natural  result  of  waste  of  time,  weariness,  dis- 
gust, and  defeat. 

We  rightly  aim  to  teach  our  pupils  to  read,  that  is,  to 
understand,  Latin,  as  well  as  to  translate  into  pure  Eng- 
lish, because  such  are  the  means  for  acquiring  power 
through  the  best  training.  Training  in  reading  is  train- 
ing in  insight;  and  insight  is  to  be  gained  by  the  learner's 
application  of  his  powers  to  texts  that  are  not  too  easy, 
of  which  there  is  little  danger  in  Latin,  nor  too  stubborn 
and  complicated.  It  is  a  question  of  grading  difficulties, 
of  suiting  the  task  you  set  the  pupil  to  his  capacity  at 


vi  PREFACE. 

successive  stages.  Just  here  lies  the  nodus  of  the  problem 
that  must  be  worked  out  to  a  practical  solution.  If  we 
succeed,  there  will  be  a  two-fold  gain, — a  more  rapid 
advance,  and  increased  pleasure  for  the  learner,  not 
because  less  effort  will  be  required  of  him,  but  because 
with  the  same  effort  he  will  be  carried  forward  so  much 
farther. 

To  find  and  prepare  suitable  reading  to  follow  the  first 
half  year  or  year  in  a  Latin  course  is  not  easy.  A  read- 
ing book  for  that  stage  should  fulfill  three  conditions  :  it 
should  not  be  too  hard,  it  should  be  interesting,  and  it 
should  lead  by  a  gradual  ascent  to  the  level  of  one  or 
another  of  the  classic  authors  usually  taken  first.  Further- 
more, it  should  be  designed  and  used  for  rapid  reading, 
not  for  analysis  and  parsing.  It  should  accordingly  be 
annotated  with  a  view  to  make  the  learner  quick  to 
observe  and  compare  different  meanings  of  the  same 
word,  and  synonymous  and  contrasted  words,  to  the  end 
that  the  first  and  greatest  difficulty,  that  of  the  Latin 
vocabulary,  may  be  partially  surmounted.  Not  that  this 
should  be  the  sole  purpose,  but  it  should  be  put  first. 

Many  teachers  have  found  that  The  New  Gradatim 
fulfills  all  these  conditions  ;  but  for  those  who  do  not  use 
that  book,  as  well  as  for  those  who  do,  but  who  are  of 
the  opinion  that  additional  ad  interim  reading  is  desirable, 
this  Reader  has  been  prepared. 


WM.  C.  COLLAR. 


Roxbury  Latin  School, 
April  2,  1897. 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE 

The  Argonauts i 

Ulysses 17 

The  Seven  Kings  of  Rome 33 

Fables 48 

Gaius  Julius  Caesar 58 

Alcibiades 66 

Notes 77 

Vocabulary ill 


VIA     L  A  TI  N  A. 

THE   ARGONAUTS. 

The  celebrated  voyage  of  the  Argonauts  was  brought  about 
as  follows.  Pelias  had  expelled  his  brother  jEson  from  his 
kingdom  in  Thessaly,  and  had  attempted  to  take  the  life  of 
fason,  the  son  of  JEson.  fason,  however,  escaped,  and  grew 
up  to  ?nanhood  in  another  country.  At  last  he  returned  to 
Thessaly,  and  Pelias,  fearing  that  he  might  attempt  to  recover 
the  kingdom,  sent  him  to  fetch  the  Golden  Fleece  from  Colchis, 
supposing  this  to  be  an  iinpossible  feat,  fason,  with  a  band 
of  heroes,  started  in  the  ship  Argo  {called  after  Argus,  its 
builder},  and  after  many  adventures  reached  Colchis.  Here 
uEtes,  king  of  Colchis,  who  was  unwilling  to  give  up  the 
Fleece,  set  fason  to  perform  what  seeined  an  impossible  task, 
na?nely,  to  plough  a  field  with  certain  fire-breathing  oxen,  and 
then  to  sow  it  with  dragon's  teeth.  Medea,  the  daughter  of 
the  king,  however,  assisted  fason  by  her  skill  in  magic,  first 
to  perforin  the  task  appointed,  and  then  to  procure  the  Fleece. 
Medea  then  fled  with  fason,  and,  in  order  to  delay  the  pur- 
suit of  her  father,  sacrificed  her  brother  Absyrtus.  After 
reaching  Thessaly,  Medea  caused  the  death  of  Pelias,  and, 
with  her  husband,  was  expelled  from  Thessaly.  They 
removed  to  Corinth,  and  here  Medea,  beco?ning  jealous  of 
Glauce,  daughter  of  Creon,  caused  her  death  by  ?neans  of  a 
poisoned  robe.  After  this,  Medea  was  carried  off  in  a  char- 
iot sent  by  the  sun-god,  and  fason  was  soon  afterwards  acci- 
dentally killed. 


VIA    LATINA. 


I.    Tne  Wicked  Uncle. 


Erant  olim  in  Thessalia  duo  fratres,  quorum  alter  Aeson, 
alter  Pelias  appellatus  est.  Horum  Aeson  primum  reg- 
num  obtinuerat,  at  post  paucos  annos  Pelias,  regni  cupi- 
ditate  adductus,  non  modo  fratrem  suum  expulit,  sed 
5  etiam  in  animo  habebat,  Iasonem,  Aesonis  filium,  inter- 
ficere.  Quidam  tamen  ex  amlcis  Aesonis,  ubi  sententiam 
Peliae  intellexerunt,  puerum  e  tanto  periculo  eripere  con- 
stituerunt.  Noctu  igitur  Iasonem  ex  urbe  abstulerunt  et 
cum  postero  die  ad  regem  rediissent  ei  renuntiaverunt 
io  puerum  mortuum  esse.  Pelias,  cum  haec  audivisset,  etsi 
re  vera  magnum  gaudium  percipiebat,  speciem  tamen 
doloris  praebuit  et  quae  causa  esset  mortis  quaesivit.  111! 
tamen,  cum  bene  intellegerent  dolorem  eius  falsum  esse, 
nescio  quam  fabulam  de  morte  pueri  finxerunt. 

2.    A  Careless  Shoe -String. 

15  Post  breve  tempus  Pelias,  veritus  ne  regnum  suum 
tanta  vi  et  fraude  occupatum  amitteret,  amicum  quendam 
Delphos  misit,  qui  oraculum  consuleret.  Ille  igitur  quam 
celerrime  Delphos  se  contulit  et  quam  ob  causam  venisset 
demonstravit.     Respondit  oraculum  nullum  esse  in  prae- 

20  sentia  periculum  ;  monuit  tamen  Peliam  ut,  si  quis  veniret 
calceum  unum  gerens,  eum  caveret.  Post  paucos  annos 
accidit  ut  Pelias  magnum  sacrificium  facturus  esset ;  nun- 
tios  in  omnis  partis  dimiserat  et  certum  diem  conveni- 
endi  dixerat.     Die  constituto  magnus  numerus  hominum 

25  undique  ex  agris  convenit ;  inter  alios  autem  venit  etiam 

6  sententiam :  consilium.  14  nescio  quam :  aliquant. 

11  percipiebat:  sentiebat  18  quam  ob  causam :  cur. 

12  praebuit :  ostendit.  19  in  praesentia  :  nunc. 


THE   ARGONAUTS.  3 

Iason,  qui  a  puero  apud  Centaurum  quendam  vixerat. 
Dum  tamen  iter  facit,  calceum  alterum  in  transeundo 
nescio  quo  flumine  amisit. 

3.    The  Golden  Fleece. 

Iason  igitur,  cum  calceum  amissum  nullo  modo  recipere 
posset,  altero  pede  nudo  in  regiam  pervenit.     Quern  cum    5 
vidisset  Pelias,  subito  timore  adfectus  est ;  intellexit  enim 
hunc    esse    hominem    quern    oraculum    demonstravisset. 
Hoc   igitur  iniit  consilium.      Rex  erat   quidam   nomine 
Aeetes,   qui   regnum    Colchidis    illo   tempore    obtinebat. 
Huic  commissum  erat  vellus  illud  aureum  quod  Phrixus  10 
olim  ibi  rellquerat.     Constituit  igitur  Pelias  Iasoni  nego- 
tium  dare  ut  hoc  vellere  potiretur  ;  cum  enim  res  esset 
magni  periculi,  sperabat  eum  in  itinere  periturum  esse. 
Iasonem  igitur  ad  se  arcessivit  et  quid  fieri  vellet  demon- 
stravit.      Iason  autem,   etsi  bene  intellegebat  rem  esse  15 
difncillimam,  negotium  libenter  suscepit. 

A.    The  Building  of  the  Good  Ship  Argo. 

Cum  tamen  Colchis  multorum  dierum  iter  ab  eo  loco 
abesset,  noluit  Iason  solus  proficisci.  Dimisit  igitur  nun- 
tios  in  omnis  partis,  qui  causam  itineris  docerent  et  diem 
certum  conveniendi  dicerent.  Interea,  postquam  omnia  20 
quae  sunt  usui  ad  armandas  navis  comportari  iussit, 
negotium  dedit  Argo  cuidam,  qui  summam  scientiam 
rerum  nauticarum  habebat,  ut  navem  aedificaret.  In  his 
rebus  circiter  decern  dies  consiimpti  sunt  ;    Argus  enim 

2  alterum:  iinum.  11   constituit:  p.  2,  1.  7. 

3  nescio  quo:  p.  2,  1.  14.  14  arcessivit:  vocdvit. 
8  iniit:  fecit.  15  etsi:  p.  2, 1.  10. 


4  VIA    I A  TINA. 

qui  operl  praeerat  tantam  diligentiam  praebebat,  ut  ne 
nocturnum  quidem  tempus  ad  laborem  intermitteret.  Ad 
multitudinem  hominum  transportandam  navis  paulo  erat 
latior  quam  quibus  in  nostro  marl  uti  consuevimus  et  ad 
5  vim  tempestatum  perferendam  tota  e  robore  facta  est. 

5.    The  Anchor  is  Weighed. 

Interea  is  dies  appetebat  quem  Iason  per  nuntios 
edixerat  et  ex  omnibus  regionibus  Graeciae  multl,  quos 
aut  rei  novitas  aut  spes  gloriae  movebat,  undique  conve- 
niebant.     Tradunt  autem  in  hoc  numero  fuisse  Herculem, 

io  Orpheum,  citharoedum  praeclarissimum,  Theseum,  Cas- 
torem  multosque  alios,  quorum  nomina  notissima  sunt. 
Ex  his  Iason,  quos  arbitratus  est  ad  omnia  subeunda 
pericula  paratissimos  esse,  eos  ad  numerum  quinquaginta 
delegit  et  socios  sibi  adiunxit.     Turn  paucos  dies  commo- 

15  ratus,  ut  ad  omnis  casus  subsidia  compararet,  navem 
dediixit  et  tempestatem  ad  navigandum  idoneam  nactus 
magno  cum  plausu  omnium  solvit. 

6.    A  Fatal  Mistake. 

Haud  multum  post  Argonautae,  ita  enim  appellati  sunt 
qui  in  ista  navi  vehebantur,  insulam  quandam  nomine 
20  Cyzicum  attigerunt  et  e  navi  egressi  a  rege  illius  regionis 
hospitio  except!  sunt.  Paucas  horas  ibi  commorati  ad 
solis  occasum  rursus  solverunt;  at  postquam  pauca 
millia  passuum  progressi  sunt  tanta  tempestas  subito 
coorta  est  ut  cursum  ten  ere  non  possent  et  in  eandem 

1   praebebat:  p.  2,1.  12.  9  tradunt:  dlcunt. 

4   consuevimus:  solemus.  15    subsidia:  auxilium. 

6  appetebat:  appropinqudbat.        16    tempestatem:  tempus. 


THE   ARGONAUTS.  5 

partem  insulae  unde  nuper  profecti  erant  magno  cum 
periculo  deicerentur.  Incolae  tamen,  cum  nox  esset 
obscura,  Argonautas  non  agnoscebant  et  navem  inimicam 
venisse  arbitrati,  arma  rapuerunt  et  eos  egredi  prohibe- 
bant.  Acriter  in  litore  pugnatum  est  et  rex  ipse,  qui  cum  5 
aliis  decucurrerat,  ab  Argonautis  occisus  est.  Mox  tamen, 
cum  iam  dilucesceret,  senserunt  incolae  se  errare  et  arma 
abiecerunt ;  Argonautae  autem,  cum  viderent  regem  occi- 
sum  esse,  magnum  dolorem  perceperunt. 

7.    The  Loss  of  Hylas. 

Postridie  eius  die!  Iason,  tempestatem  satis  idoneam  10 
esse  arbitratus,  summa  enim  tranquillitas  iam  consecuta 
erat,  ancoras  sustulit  et  pauca  millia  passuum  progressus, 
ante  noctem  Mysiam  attigit.     Ibi  paucas  horas  in  ancoris 
exspectavit ;    a    nautis   enim    cognoverat   aquae   copiam 
quam    secum    haberent   iam    deficere,  quam   ob  causam  15 
quidam  ex  Argonautis  in  terram  egress!  aquam  quaere- 
bant.     Horum  in  numero  erat  Hylas  quidam,  puer  forma 
praestantissima,   qui    dum    fontem    quaerit   a   comitibus 
paulum  secesserat.     Nymphae  autem,  quae  fontem  cole- 
bant,  cum  iuvenem  vidissent,  ei  persuadere  conatae  sunt  20 
ut  secum  maneret ;  et  cum  ille  negaret  se  hoc  facturum 
esse  puerum  vl  abstulerunt. 

Comites  eius,   postquam  Hylam  amissum  esse  sense- 
runt,  magno  dolore  adfectl,  diu  frustra  quaerebant ;  Her- 
cules autem  et  Polyphemus,   qui  vestigia  pueri  longius  25 
secutl  erant,  ubi  tandem  ad  litus  redierunt,  Iasonem  sol- 
visse  cognoverunt. 

2    deicerentur:  deferrentur.  19   colebant :  incolebant. 

9   perceperunt :  p.  2, 1.  1 1 .  22   abstulerunt :  p.  2, 1.  8. 

15  deficere:  dee'sse.  26  solvisse :  p.  4, 1.  17. 


VIA    LATINA. 


8.    Dining:  Made  Difficult. 


Post  haec  Argonautae  ad  Thraciam  cursum  tenuerunt 
et  postquam  ad  oppidum  Salmydessum  navem  appulerant 
in  terram  egress!  sunt.  Ibi  cum  ab  incolis  quaesissent 
quis  regnum  eius  regionis  obtineret,  certiores  fact!  sunt 
5  Phineum  quendam  turn  regem  esse.  Cognoverunt  etiam 
hunc  caecum  esse  et  diro  quodam  supplicio  adfici,  quod 
olim  se  crudelissimum  in  filios  suos  praebuisset.  Cuius 
supplici  hoc  erat  genus.  Missa  erant  a  love  monstra 
quaedam,  specie  horribill,  quae  capita  virginum,  corpora 
10  volucrum  habebant.  Hae  volucres,  quae  Harpyiae  appel- 
labantur,  Phineo  summam  molestiam  adferebant ;  quo- 
tiens  enim  ille  accubuerat,  veniebant  et  cibum  appositum 
statim  auferebant.  Quae  cum  ita  essent,  haud  multum 
afuit  quin  Phlneus  fame  moreretur. 

9.    The  Harpies  Beaten. 

15  Res  igitur  in  hoc  loco  erant,  cum  Argonautae  navem 
appulerunt.  Phineus  autem,  simul  atque  audivit  eos  in 
suos  finis  egressos  esse,  magno  opere  gavisus  est.  Sciebat 
enim  quantam  opinionem  virtiitis  Argonautae  haberent 
nee  dubitabat  quin  sibi  auxilium  ferrent.     Nuntium  igitur 

20  ad  navem  misit,  qui  Iasonem  sociosque  ad  regiam  vocaret. 
Eo  cum  venissent,  Phineus  demonstravit  quanto  in  peri- 
culo  suae  res  essent  et  promisit  se  magna  praemia  datu- 
rum  esse,  si  ill!  remedium  repperissent.  Argonautae 
negotium  libenter  susceperunt  et  ubi  hora  venit  cum  rege 

25  accubuerunt;    at  simul  ac  cena  apposita  est,   Harpyiae 

1  cursum  tenuerunt:  p.  4, 1.24.  18  opini5nem  :  fdmam. 

7  praebuisset:  p.  2,1.  12.  24  hora:  tempus. 

15  navem  appulerunt :  1.  2.  25  accubuerunt:  1.  12. 


THE  ARGONAUTS.  7 

cenaculum  intraverunt  et  cibum  auferre  conabantur. 
Argonautae  primum  gladiis  volucris  petierunt  ;  cum 
tamen  viderent  hoc  nihil  prodesse,  Zetes  et  Calais,  qui 
alis  Instructl  sunt,  in  aera  se  sublevaverunt,  ut  desuper 
impetum  facerent.  Quod  cum  sensissent  Harpyiae,  rei  5 
novitate  perterritae,  statim  aufugerunt  neque  postea  um- 
quam  redierunt. 

10.   The  Symplegades. 

Hoc  facto,   Phineus,   ut  pro   tanto   beneficio   meritas 
gratias  referret,  Iasoni  demonstravit  qua  ratione  Symple- 
gades  vitare    posset.      Symplegades    autem    duae    erant  10 
rupes  ingenti  magnitiidine,  quae  a  love  positae  erant  eo 
consilio,   ne  quis   ad   Colchida  perveniret.      Hae   parvo 
intervallo  in  marl  natabant  et  si  quid  in  medium  spatium 
venerat   incredibill   celeritate   concurrebant.      Postquam 
igitur  a  Phineo  doctus  est  quid  faciendum  esset,  Iason  15 
sublatis  ancoris  navem  solvit  et  leni  vento  provectus  mox 
ad   Symplegades    appropinquavit  ;    turn    in    prora    stans 
columbam  quam  in  manu  tenebat  emisit.     Ilia  recta  via 
per  medium  spatium  volavit  et  priusquam  rupes  conflixe- 
runt  incolumis  evasit  cauda  tantum  amissa.     Turn  rupes  20 
utrimque  discesserunt ;   antequam  tamen  rursus  concur- 
rerent,  Argonautae,  bene  intellegentes  omnem  spem  salutis 
in  celeritate  positam  esse,  summa  vi  remis  contenderunt 
et  navem  incolumem  perduxerunt.     Hoc  facto,  dis  gratias 
libenter  egerunt,  quorum  auxilio  e  tanto  periculo  erepti  25 
essent  ;  bene  enim  sciebant  non  sine  auxilio  deorum  rem 
ita  feliciter  evenisse. 

16  sublatis  ancoris:  p.  5, 1. 12.        23  contenderunt:  labdrav'e- 

1 7  appropinquavit :  cf .  p.  4, 1. 6.       runt. 

20   incolumis :  salva.  24   gratias  .  .  .  egerunt :    1.  9. 


VIA    LA  TINA. 


II.    A  Heavy  Task. 


Brevi  intermisso  spatio,  Argonautae  ad  flumen  Phasim 
venerunt,  quod  in  finibus  Colchorum  erat.  Ibi  cum  navem 
appulissent  et  in  terram  egressi  essent,  statim  ad  regem 
Aeetem  se  contulerunt  et  ab  eo  postulaverunt  ut  vellus 
5  aureum  sibi  traderetur.  Ille  cum  audivisset  quam  ob 
causam  Argonautae  venissent,  Ira  commotus  est  et  diu 
negabat  se  vellus  traditurum  esse.  Tandem  tamen,  quod 
sciebat  Iasonem  non  sine  auxilio  deorum  hoc  negotium 
suscepisse,  mutata  sententia  promisit  se  vellus  traditurum, 

io  si  Iason  labores  duos  difficillimos  prius  perfecisset ;  et 
cum  Iason  dixisset  se  ad  omnia  pericula  subeunda  para- 
tum  esse,  quid  fieri  vellet  ostendit.  Primum  iungendl 
erant  duo  tauri  specie  horribili,  qui  flammas  ex  ore  ede- 
bant.      Turn,  his   iunctis,  ager  quidam   arandus  erat  et 

x5  dentes  draconis  serendi.  His  auditis  Iason,  etsi  rem  esse 
summi  periculi  intellegebat,  tamen,  ne  hanc  occasionem 
rei  bene  gerendae  amitteret,  negotium  suscepit. 

12.    The  Magic  Ointment. 

At  Medea,  regis  filia,  Iasonem  adamavit  et  ubi  audivit 
eum  tantum  periculum  subiturum  esse  rem  aegre  ferebat. 

20  Intellegebat  enim  patrem  suum  hunc  laborem  proposuisse 
eo  ipso  consilio,  ut  Iason  moreretur.  Quae  cum  ita 
essent,  Medea,  quae  summam  scientiam  medicinae  habe- 
bat,  hoc  consilium  iniit.  Media  nocte  clam  patre  ex  urbe 
evasit    et    postquam    in    montis    finitimos    venit    herbas 

25  quasdam  carpsit  ;  turn  suco  expresso  unguentum  paravit 

2  navem  appulissent:  p.  6,  15  etsi:  p.  2, 1.  10. 

1.  1 5.  23  consilium  iniit :  p.  3,  L  8. 

9   sententia:  consilio.  23   clam  patre :  tnsciente patre. 


THE   ARGONAUTS.  V    r»„ 

quod  vi  sua  corpus  aleret  nervosque  confirmaret.  Hoc 
facto  Iasoni  unguentum  dedit,  praecepit  autem  ut  eo  die 
quo  isti  labores  conficiendi  essent  corpus  suum  et  arma 
mane  oblineret.  Iason,  etsi  paene  omnls  magnitudine 
et  viribus  corporis  antecellebat,  vita  enim  omnis  in  vena-  5 
tionibus  atque  in  studiis  rei  militaris  constiterat,  censebat 
tamen  hoc  consilium  non  neglegendum  esse. 

13.   Sowing  the  Dragon's  Teeth. 

Ubi  is  dies  venit  quern  rex  ad  arandum  agrum  edixerat, 
Iason  orta  luce  cum  sociis  ad  locum  constitutum  se  con- 
tulit.     Ibi  stabulum  ingens  repperit  in  quo  tauri  inclusi  10 
erant ;  turn  portis  apertis  tauros  in  lucem  traxit  et  summa 
cum  difficultate  iugum  imposuit.     At  Aeetes,  cum  videret 
tauros  nihil  contra  Iasonem  valere,  magno  opere  miratus 
est  ;   nesciebat  enim  flliam    suam    auxilium    el   dedisse. 
Turn    Iason  omnibus  aspicientibus  agrum  arare   coepit,  15 
qua  in  re  tantam  diligentiam  praebuit,  ut  ante  meridiem 
totum   opus   confecerit.     Hoc   facto,  ad   locum    ubi  rex 
sedebat  adiit  et  dentis   draconis  postulavit.      Quos  ubi 
accepit,  in  agrum  quern  araverat  magna  cum  diligentia 
sparsit.     Horum  autem  dentium  natura  erat  talis  ut  in  20 
eo  loco  ubi  insiti  essent  viri  armati  miro  quodam  modo 
gignerentur. 

14.   A  Strange  Crop. 

Nondum  tamen  Iason  totum  opus  confecerat  ;  impera- 
verat  enim  ei  Aeetes  ut  armatos  viros,  qui  e  dentibus 
gignerentur,  solus  interficeret.      Postquam  igitur  omnis  25 

9  se  contulit:  p.  2, 1. 18.  20  sparsit:  cf.  insiti,  1.  21. 

16  praebuit:  p.  4, 1.  1.  21   maiiiici.serendi, p. 8, 1. 15. 


10  VIA    LATINA. 

dentis  in  agrum  sparsit,  Iason  lassitudine  exanimatus 
quieti  se  tradidit,  dum  viri  isti  gignerentur.  Paucas 
horas  dormiebat ;  sub  vesperum  tamen  e  somno  subito 
excitatus  rem  ita  evenisse  ut  praedictum  erat  cognovit ; 
5  nam  in  omnibus  agri  partibus  viri  ingenti  magnitudine 
corporis,  gladiis  galeisque  armati,  mirum  in  modum  e 
terra  oriebantur.  Hoc  cognito  Iason  consilium  quod 
dederat  Medea  non  omittendum  esse  putabat.  Saxum 
igitur  ingens,  ita  enim  praeceperat  Medea,  in  medios  viros 

10  coniecit.  111!  undique  ad  locum  concurrerunt  et  cum 
quisque  sibi  id  saxum  nescio  cur  habere  vellet  magna 
controversia  orta  est.  Mox  strictis  gladiis  inter  se  pug- 
nare  coeperunt  et  cum  hoc  modo  plurimi  occisi  essent 
reliqui  volneribus  confecti  a  Iasone  nullo  negotio  inter- 

15  fecti  sunt. 


15.    Flight  of  Medea. 

At  rex  Aeetes,  ubi  cognovit  Iasonem  laborem  proposi- 
tum  confecisse,  ira  graviter  commotus  est,  intellegebat 
enim  id  per  dolum  factum  esse,  nee  dubitabat  quin  Medea 
auxilium  el  tulisset.      Medea  autem,  cum  intellegeret  se 

20  in  magno  fore  periculo,  si  in  regia  mansisset,  fuga  salutem 
petere  constituit.  Omnibus  igitur  ad  fugam  paratis  media 
nocte  Insciente  patre  cum  fratre  Absyrto  evasit  et  quam 
celerrime  ad  locum  ubi  Argo  subducta  erat  se  contulit. 
E6  cum  venisset,  ad  pedes  Iasonis  se  proiecit  et  multis 

25  cum  lacrimis  obsecravit  eum,  ne  in  tanto  discrimine  muli- 
erem  desereret,  quae  ei  tantum  profuisset.       Ille,  quod 

1   lassitudine  :  defatigatidne.  22   insciente  patre:  p.  8, 1.  23. 

4   evenisse:  p.  7, 1.  27.  22   evasit:  p.  8, 1.  24. 

9   praeceperat :  p.  9,  1.  2.  25   discrimine  :  periculo. 


THE   ARGONAUTS.  11 

memoria  tenebat  se  per  eius  auxilium  e  magno  periculo 
evasisse,  libenter  earn  excepit  et  postquam  causam  veni- 
endi  audivit  hortatus  est  ne  patris  iram  timeret.  Pro- 
misit  autem  se  quam  prlmum  earn  in  navi  sua  avecturum. 


16.   The  Seizure  of  the  Fleece. 

Postridie    eius    die!    Iason   cum   sociis    suis  orta  luce    5 
navem    deduxit    et  tempestatem   idoneam  nacti  ad  eum 
locum    remis    contenderunt,   quo  in  loco    Medea   vellus 
celatum  esse  demonstravit.     Eo  cum  venissent  Iason  in 
terram  egressus  est  et  sociis  ad  mare  relictis  qui  praesidio 
navi  essent  ipse  cum  Medea  in  silvas  viam  cepit.     Pauca  10 
millia  passuum  per  silvam  progressus  vellus  quod  quaere- 
bat  ex  arbore  suspensum  vidit.       Id  tamen  auferre  res 
erat   summae    difficultatis ;    non  modo    enim   locus    ipse 
egregie  et  natura  et   arte  munitus  erat,  sed  etiam  draco 
quidam  specie  terribili  arborem  custodiebat.     At  Medea,  15 
quae,  ut  supra  demonstravimus,  medicinae  summam  scien- 
tiam  habuit,  ramum  quern  ex  arbore  proxima  deripuerat 
veneno  infecit.     Hoc  facto  ad  locum  appropinquavit  et 
draconem,  qui   faucibus  apertis    adventum    exspectabat, 
veneno  sparsit.     Proinde,  dum   draco  somno  oppressus  20 
dormit,  Iason  vellus   aureum  ex  arbore  deripuit  et  cum 
Medea  quam  celerrime  pedem  rettulit. 

17.    Back  to  the  Argo. 

Dum    tamen    ea   geruntur,   Argonautae,  qui    ad   mare 
relicti  erant,  animo  anxio  reditum  Iasonis  exspectabant  ; 

5   orta  luce :  p.  9, 1.  9.  20  proinde :  igitury  p.  2,  L  8. 

7  remis  contend. :   p.  7,1.  23.  22   pedem  rettulit :  se  contulit, 

16  scientiam :  p.  8, 1.  22.  p.  2, 1.  18. 


12  VIA    LA  TINA. 

bene  enim  intellegebant  id  negotium  summi  esse  periculi. 
Postquam  igitur  ad  occasum  solis  frustra  exspectaverant, 
de  eius  salute  desperare  coeperunt  nee  dubitabant  quin 
aliqui  casus  accidisset.  Quae  cum  ita  essent,  maturan- 
5  dum  sibi  censuerunt,  ut  auxilium  duci  ferrent,  et  dum 
proficisci  parant  lumen  quoddam  subito  conspiciunt 
mirum  in  modum  inter  silvas  refulgens.  Magno  opere 
mirati  quae  causa  esset  eius  rei  ad  locum  concurrunt. 
Quo  cum  venissent,  Iasoni  et  Medeae  advenientibus 
10  occurrerunt  et  vellus  aureum  luminis  eius  causam  esse 
cognoverunt.  Omni  timore  sublato,  magno  cum  gaudio 
ducem  suum  exceperunt  et  dis  gratias  libenter  rettulerunt 
quod  res  ita  feliciter  evenisset. 


18.    Pursued  by  the  Angry  Father. 

His  rebus  gestis,  omnes  sine  mora  navem  rursus  con- 

15  scenderunt  et  sublatis  ancoris  prima   vigilia  solverunt  ; 

neque  enim  satis    tutum  esse    arbitrati  sunt  in  eo  loco 

manere.       At  rex   Aeetes,  qui  iam  ante  inimico  in  eos 

fuerat  animo,  ubi  cognovit  filiam  suam   non   modo    ad 

Argonautas  se  recepisse  sed  etiam  ad  vellus  auferendum 

20  auxilium   tulisse,  hoc   dolore   gravius    exarsit.      Navem 

longam  quam  celerrime  deduci  iussit  et  militibus  impo- 

sitis   fugientis     insecutus   est.       Argonautae,    qui    bene 

sciebant  rem  in  discrlmine  esse,  summis   viribus  remis 

contendebant.     Cum  tamen  navis  qua  vehebantur  ingenti 

25  esset  magnitudine,  non  eadem  celeritate  qua  Colchi  pro- 

5  censuerunt:   putaverunt,       12  gratias  rettulerunt:  p.  7,1. 9. 
p.  10, 1.  8.  15  sublatis  ancoris:  p.  7, 1. 16. 

7   magno  opere:  p.  6,1.  17.        19  se  recepisse:  se  contulisse,\>. 

12  exceperunt:  p.  it,  1.  2.  2, 1.  18. 


THE   ARGONAUTS.  13 

gredl  poterant.  Quae  cum  ita  essent,  minimum  afuit 
quin  a  Colchis  sequentibus  caperentur  neque  enim  lon- 
gius  intererat  quam  quo  telum  adici  posset.  At  Medea, 
cum  vidisset  quo  in  loco  res  essent,  paene  omni  spe 
deposita,  Infandum  hoc  consilium   cepit.  5 

19.    A  Fearful  Expedient. 

Erat  in  navi  Argonautarum  filius  quidam  regis  Aeetae, 
nomine  Absyrtus,  quern,  ut  supra  demonstravimus,  Medea 
ex  urbe  fugiens  secum  abduxerat.  Hunc  puerum  Medea 
constituit  interficere  eo  consilio  ut  membris  eius  in  mare 
coniectis  cursum  Colchorum  impedlret ;  pro  certo  enim  10 
sciebat  Aeetem,  cum  membra  fill  vidisset,  non  longius 
prosecuturum  esse,  neque  opinio  earn  fefellit ;  omnia 
enim  ita  evenerunt  ut  Medea  speraverat.  Aeetes,  ubi 
primum  membra  vidit,  ad  ea  conligenda  navem  statu! 
iussit ;  dum  tamen  ea  geruntur,  Argonautae  non  inter-  15 
misso  remigandi  labore,  mox,  quod  necesse  fuit,  e  con- 
spectu  hostium  remoti  sunt  neque  prius  fugere  destiterunt 
quam  ad  flumen  Eridanum  pervenerunt.  At  Aeetes  nihil 
sibi  profuturum  esse  arbitratus,  si  longius  progressus 
esset,  animo  demisso  domum  revertit,  ut  fill  corpus  ad  20 
sepulturam  daret. 

20.    The  Bargain  with  Pelias. 

Tandem  post  multa  pericula  Iason  in  eundem  locum 
pervenit  unde  olim  profectus  erat.      Turn  e  navi  egressus 

1  minimum  afuit:  p.  6, 1. 14.  15  intermisso :  p.  4,  L  2. 

5  consilium  cepit:  p.  3,  I.  8.  19  prdfutiirum:  p.  10, 1.  26. 

7  supra :  anted.  21  sepulturam    daret :    sepe- 

10  impedlret :  morclretur.  /Fret. 


14  VIA    LA  TIN  A. 

ad  regem  Peliam,  qui  regnum  adhuc  obtinebat,  statim  se 
contulit  et  vellere  aureo  monstrato  ab  eo  postulavit  ut 
regnum  sibi  traderetur ;  Pelias  enim  pollicitus  erat,  si 
Iason  vellus  rettulisset,  se  regnum  el  traditurum.  Post- 
5  quam  Iason  ostendit  quid  fieri  vellet  Pelias  primum  nihil 
respondit,  sed  diu  in  eadem  tristitia  tacitus  permansit ; 
tandem  ita  locutus  est.  "  Vides  me  aetate  iam  esse  con- 
fectum  neque  dubium  est  quin  dies  supremus  mihi  adsit. 
Liceat  igitur  mihi  dum  vivam  hoc  regnum  obtinere  ;  turn, 
10  postquam  ego  e  vita  discessero,  tu  in  meum  locum 
venies."  Hac  oratione  adductus  Iason  respondit  se  id 
facturum  quod  ille  rogasset. 


21.   Boiled  Mutton. 

His  rebus  cognitis  Medea  rem  aegre  tulit  et  regni 
cupiditate    adducta    constituit   mortem    regi   per   dolum 

15  inferre.  Hoc  constitute,  ad  filias  regis  venit  atque  ita 
locuta  est.  u  Videtis  patrem  vestrum  aetate  iam  esse 
confectum  neque  ad  laborem  regnandi  perferendum  satis 
valere.  Voltisne  eum  rursus  iuvenem  fieri  ?  "  Turn  filiae 
regis  his  auditis  ita  responderunt.    M  Num  hoc  fieri  potest  ? 

20  Quis  enim  umquam  e  sene  iuvenis  factus  est  ? "  At 
Medea  respondit,  "  Scitis  me  medicinae  summam  habere 
scientiam.  Nunc  igitur  vobis  demdnstrabo  quo  modo 
haec  res  fieri  possit."  His  dictis,  cum  arietem  aetate 
iam  confectum  interfecisset,  membra  eius  in  vas  aeneum 

25  posuit  et  igni  supposito  aquae  herbas  quasdam  infudit. 
Turn,  dum  aqua  effervesceret,  carmen  magicum  cantabat. 

7  cSnfectum:  p.  10, 1.  14.  13  aegre  tulit:  Tra  commdta  est. 

9  obtinere:  habere,  tenere.  11   scientiam:  p.  8,  i.  22. 


THE   ARGONAUTS.  15 

Post  breve  tempus  aries  e  vase  exsiluit  et  viribus  refectis 
per  agros  currebat. 

22.    A  Dangerous  Experiment. 

Dum  filiae  regis  hoc  miraculum  stupentes  intuentur, 
Medea  ita  locuta  est.  "Videtis  quantum  valeat  medi- 
cina.  Vos  igitur,  si  voltis  patrem  vestrum  in  adulescen-  5 
tiam  reducere,  id  quod  feci  ipsae  facietis.  Vos  patris 
membra  in  vas  conicite ;  ego  herbas  magicas  praebebo." 
His  auditis  filiae  regis  consilium  quod  dederat  Medea 
non  omittendum  putaverunt.  Patrem  igitur  Peliam  neca- 
verunt  et  membra  eius  in  vas  aeneum  coniecerunt  ;  nihil  10 
enim  dubitabant  quin  hoc  maxime  ei  profuturum  esset. 
At  res  omnino  aliter  evenit  ac  speraverant,  Medea  enim 
non  easdem  herbas  dedit  quibus  ipsa  usa  erat.  Itaque, 
postquam  diu  frustra  exspectaverunt,  patrem  suum  re  vera 
mortuum  esse  intellexerunt.  His  rebus  gestis,  Medea  15 
sperabat  se  cum  coniuge  suo  regnum  accepturam  esse  ; 
at  cives,  cum  intellegerent  quo  modo  Pelias  periisset, 
tantum  scelus  aegre  tulerunt  itaque  Iasone  et  Medea  e 
regno  expulsis  Acastum  regem  creaverunt. 

23.    A  Fatal  Gift. 

Post  haec  Iason  et  Medea  e  Thessalia  expulsi  ad  urbem  20 
Corinthum  venerunt,  cuius  urbis  Creon  quidam   regnum 
turn  obtinebat.       Erat  autem   Creonti  filia  una,  nomine 
Glauce.      Quam  cum  vidisset,  Iason  constituit  Medeam 
uxorem  suam  repudiare  eo  consilio,  ut  Glaucen  in  matri- 

3  intuentur:  vident.  12  ac:  quam. 

5  adulescentiam :  iuventutem.        18  aegre  tulerunt :  p.  14,1.13. 
11   pr5futurum:  p.  13, 1.  19.  22  obtinebat:  p.  14, 1.  9. 


16  VIA    LA  TINA. 

monium  duceret.  At  Medea,  ubi  intellexit  quae  ille  in 
animo  haberet,  Ira  graviter  commota,  iure  iurando  confir- 
mavit  se  tantam  iniuriam  ulturam.  Hoc  igitur  consilium 
cepit.     Vestem  paravit  summa  arte  contextam   et  variis 

5  coloribus  tinctam.  Hanc  diro  quodam  Infecit  veneno, 
cuius  vis  talis  erat  ut  si  quis  earn  vestem  induisset 
corpus  eius  quasi  Igni  ureretur.  Hoc  facto  vestem  ad 
Glaucen  misit  :  ilia  autem  nihil  mali  suspicans  donum 
libenter    accepit    et     vestem     novam    more   feminarum 

o  statim  induit. 


24.    Flight  of  Medea  and  Death  of  Jason. 

Vix  vestem  induerat  Glauce,  cum  dolorem  gravem  per 
omnia  membra  sensit  et  post  paulum  diro  cruciatu  adfecta 
e  vita  excessit.  His  rebus  gestis,  Medea  furore  atque 
amentia  impulsa  filios  suos  necavit.     Turn  magnum  sibi 

15  fore  periculum  arbitrata,  si  in  Thessalia  maneret,  ex  ea 
regione  fugere  constituit.  Hoc  constituto  Solem  oravit 
ut  in  tanto  periculo  auxilium  sibi  praeberet.  Sol  autem 
his  precibus  commotus  currum  quendam  misit,  cui  dra- 
cones  alls  InstructI  iuncti  erant.     Medea  non  omittendam 

20  tantam  occasionem  arbitrata  currum  conscendit  itaque 
per  aera  vecta  incolumis  ad  urbem  Athenas  pervenit. 
Iason  autem  post  breve  tempus  miro  modo  occisus  est. 
Ille  enim,  sive  casu  sive  consilio  deorum,  sub  umbra 
navis  suae,  quae  in  litus  subducta  erat,  olim  dormiebat. 

25  At  navis,  quae  adhuc  erecta  steterat,  in  earn  partem  ubi 
Iason  iacebat  subito  delapsa  virum  infelicem  oppressit. 

5  infecit  veneno:  p.  11, 1.  18.        20  occasionem:  p.  8, 1.  16. 
13   e  vita  excessit :  mortua  est.        21   vecta:  p.  4, 1.  19. 
16  oravit:  obsecr&vit, p.  10, 1.25.        21  incolumis  :  p.  7, 1.  20. 


ULYSSES. 

Ulysses,  a  celebrated  Greek  hero,  took  a  prominent  part  in 
the  long  siege  of  Troy.  After  the  fall  of  the  city,  he  set  out 
with  his  followers  on  his  homeward  voyage  to  Ithaca,  an 
island  of  which  he  was  king;  but,  being  driven  out  of  his 
course  by  northerly  winds,  he  was  compelled  to  touch  at  the 
country  of  the  Lotus  Eaters,  who  are  supposed  to  have  lived 
on  the  north  coast  of  Libya  (Africa).  Some  of  his  comrades 
were  so  delighted  with  the  lotus  fruit  that  they  wished  to 
remain  in  the  country,  but  Ulysses  compelled  them  to  embark 
again,  and  continued  his  voyage.  He  next  came  to  the  island 
of  Sicily,  and  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  giant  Polyphemus, 
one  of  the  Cyclopes.  After  several  of  his  comrades  had  been 
killed  by  the  monster,  Ulysses  made  his  escape  by  stratagem, 
and  next  reached  the  country  of  the  Winds.  Here  he  received 
the  help  of  jSoIus,  king  of  the  winds,  and,  having  set  sail 
again,  arrived  within  sight  of  Ithaca  j  but,  owing  to  the  folly 
of  his  companions,  the  winds  became  suddenly  adverse,  and 
they  were  again  di'iven  back.  They  then  touched  at  an  island 
occupied  by  Circe,  a  powerful  enchantress,  who  exercised  her 
charms  on  the  companions  of  Ulysses,  and  turned  them  into 
swine.  By  the  help  of  the  god  Mercury,  Ulysses  himself  not 
only  escaped  this  fate,  but  forced  Circe  to  restore  her  victims 
to  human  shape.  After  staying  a  year  with  Circe,  Ulysses 
again  set  out,  and  eventually  reached  his  home. 

25.    Homeward  Bound. 

Urbem  Troiam  a  Graecis  decern  annos  obsessam  esse, 
satis  constat ;  de  hoc  enim  bello  Homerus,  maximus 
poetarum  Graecorum,  Iliadem,  opus  notissimum,  scripsit. 

2   constat :  cognitum  est 


18  VIA    LATINA. 

Troia  tandem  per  insidias  capta,  Graeci  longo  bello  fessi 
domum  redire  maturaverunt.  Omnibus  igitur  ad  profec- 
tionem  paratis  navis  deduxerunt  et  tempestatem  idoneam 
nacti  magno  cum  gaudio  solverunt.  Erat  inter  primos 
5  Graecorum  Ulixes  (yuidam,  vir  summae  virtutis  ac  pru- 
dentiae,  quern  dicunt  nonnulli  dolum  istum  excogitasse 
per  quern  Troiam  captam  esse  constat.  Hie  regnum 
insulae  Ithacae  obtinuerat  et  paulo  antequam  cum  reliquls 
Graecis  ad  bellum  profectus  est,  cum  puellam  formosissi- 
io  mam,  nomine  Penelopen,  in  matrimonium  duxisset.  Nunc 
igitur  cum  iam  decern  annos  quasi  in  exsilio  consumpsis- 
set,  magna  cupidine  patriae  et  uxoris  videndae  ardebat. 


26.    The  Lotus  Eaters. 

Postquam  tamen  pauca  millia  passuum  a  litore  Troiae 
progress!  sunt,  tanta  tempestas  subito  coorta  est  ut  nulla 

15  navium  cursum  tenere  posset,  sed  aliae  alias  in  partis 
disicerentur.  Navis  autem  qua  ipse  Ulixes  vehebatur 
vl  tempestatis  ad  meridiem  delata,  decimo  die  ad  litus 
Libyae  appulsa  est.  Ancoris  iactis,  Ulixes  constituit 
nonnullos   e    sociis  in  terram    exponere,  qui    aquam  ad 

20  navem  referrent  et  qualis  esset  natura  eius  regionis  cog- 
noscerent.  Hi  igitur  e  navi  egressi  imperata  facere 
parabant.  Dum  tamen  fontem  quaerunt,  quibusdam  ex 
incolis  obviam  facti  ab  iis  hospitio  accept!  sunt.  Accidit 
autem  ut  victus  eorum   hominum  e  miro  quodam  fructu 

25  quern  lotum  appellabant  paene  omnino  constaret.  Quern 
cum  Graeci  gustassent,  patriae  et  sociorum  statim  obliti 

2    maturaverunt:    contende-  16    disicerentur  :  dlspergerentur. 

runt,  p.  12,  1.  24.  18   appulsa:  admota. 

12  ardebat:  p.  12, 1.  20.  25   c5nstaret:  cdnsisteret. 


ULYSSES.  19 

conf Irmaverunt  se  semper  in  ea  terra  mansuros,  ut  dulci 
illo  cibo  in  aeternum  vescerentur. 


27.    The  Lotus  Eaters  —  continued. 

At  Ulixes,  cum  ab  hora  septima  ad  vesperum  exspec- 
tasset,  veritus  ne  socii  sui  in  periculo  versarentur, 
nonnullos  e  reliquis  mlsit,  ut  quae  causa  esset  morae,  5 
cognoscerent.  Hi  igitur  in  terram  expositi,  ad  vlcum 
qui  non  longe  afuit  se  contulerunt ;  quo  cum  venissent, 
socios  suos  quasi  vino  ebrios  reppererunt.  Turn  ubi 
causam  veniendi  docuerunt,  iis  persuadere  conabantur  ut 
secum  ad  navem  redirent.  111!  tamen  resistere  ac  manu  10 
se  defendere  coeperunt,  saepe  clamitantes  se  numquam 
ex  eo  loco  abituros.  Quae  cum  ita  essent,  nuntii  re 
infecta.  ad  Ulixem  redierunt.  His  rebus  cognitis,  Ulixes 
ipse  cum  omnibus  qui  in  navi  relicti  sunt  ad  locum  venit ; 
et  socios  suos  friistra  hortatus  ut  sponte  sua  redirent,  15 
manibus  eorum  post  terga  vinctis,  invitos  ad  navem 
reportavit.  Turn  ancoris  sublatis  quam  celerrime  e  portu 
solvit. 

28.    The  One-eyed  Giant. 

Postridie  eius  diei  postquam  totam  noctem  remis  con- 
tenderant,  ad  terram  ignotam  navem  appulerunt.     Turn,  20 
quod  naturam  eius  regionis  ignorabat,  ipse    Ulixes  cum 
duodecim  e   sociis  in   terram  egressus   locum   explorare 
constituit.     Paulum  a  litore  progressi  ad  antrum  ingens 

4   versarentur:  essent.  17  quam   celerrime:    summd 

6   expositi:  egressi, p.  18, 1.  21.  celeritdte. 

17  ancoris  sublatis:  cf.  opp.,  19  remis  contenderant :  p.  12, 

p.  18, 1.  18.  1.  23. 


20  VIA    LA  TINA. 

pervenerunt,  quod  habitari  senserunt;  eius  enim  intro- 
itum  arte  et  manibus  infinitum  esse  animadverterunt. 
Mox,  etsi  intellegebant  se  non  sine  perlculo  id  facturos, 
antrum  intraverunt,  quod  cum  fecissent,  magnam  copiam 
5  lactis  invenerunt  in  vasls  ingentibus  conditam.  Dum 
tamen  mirantur  quis  earn  sedem  incoleret,  sonitum  terri- 
bilem  audiverunt  et  oculis  ad  portam  versis  monstrum 
horribile  viderunt,  humana  quidem  specie  et  figura  sed 
ingenti  magnitudine  corporis.  Cum  autem  animadver- 
io  tissent  gigantem  unum  tantum  oculum  habere  in  media 
fronte  positum,  intellexerunt  hunc  esse  unum  e  Cyclopi- 
bus,  de  quibus  famam  iam  acceperant. 

29.    The  Giant's  Supper. 

Cyclopes  autem  pastores  erant  quidam,  qui  Insulam 
Siciliam   et  praecipue  montem  Aetnam  incolebant ;    ibi 

15  enim  Volcanus,  praeses  fabrorum  et  Ignis  repertor,  cuius 
servi  Cyclopes  erant,  omclnam  suam  habebat. 

Graeci  igitur,  simul  ac  monstrum  viderunt,  terrore 
paene  exanimatl  in  interiorem  partem  speluncae  refuge- 
runt  et  se  ibi  celare  conabantur.     Polyphemus  autem,  ita 

20  enim  gigas  appellatus  est,  pecora  sua  in  speluncam  egit ; 
turn  cum  saxo  ingenti  portam  obstruxisset,  Ignem  in 
medio  antro  accendit.  Hoc  facto,  oculo  omnia  perlustra- 
bat  et  cum  sensisset  homines  in  interiore  parte  antri 
celari,   magna  voce  exclamavit.       "  Qui  estis  homines  ? 

25  Mercatores  an  latrones  ? "  Turn  Ulixes  respondit  se 
neque  mercatores  esse  neque  praedandl  causa  venisse : 

5  conditam :  positam.  15  repertor :  inventor. 

12   acceperant :  audiverant.  20   speluncam  :  antrum. 

22   perlustrabat :  perspiciebat. 


UL  YSSES.  21 

sed  e  Troia  redeuntis  vi  tempestatum  a  recto  cursu  de- 
pulsos  esse  ;  oravit  etiam  ut  sibi  sine  iniuria  abire  liceret. 
Turn  Polyphemus  quaesivit  ubi  esset  navis  qua  vecti 
essent ;  Ulixes  autem,  cum  bene  intellegeret  sibi  maxime 
praecavendum  esse,  respondit  navem  suam  in  rupis  5 
coniectam  et  omnino  perfractam  esse.  Polyphemus  autem 
sine  ullo  responso  duo  e  sociis  manu  corripuit  et  mem- 
brls  eorum  divolsis  carnem  devorare  coepit. 

30.    No  Way  of  Escape. 

Dum  haec  geruntur,  Graecorum  animos  tantus  terror 
occupavit  ut  ne  vocem  quidem  edere  possent,  sed  omni  10 
spe  salutis  deposits  mortem  praesentem  exspectarent. 
At  Polyphemus,  postquam  fames  hac  tarn  horribill  cena 
depulsa  est,  hum!  prostratus  somno  se  dedit.  Quod  cum 
vidisset  Ulixes,  tantam  occasionem  rei  bene  gerendae 
non  omittendam  arbitratus,  in  eo  erat  ut  pectus  monstri  15 
gladio  transfigeret.  Cum  tamen  nihil  temere  agendum 
exlstimaret,  constituit  explorare,  antequam  hoc  faceret, 
qua  ratione  ex  antro  evadere  possent.  At  cum  saxum 
animadvertisset,  quo  introitus  obstructus  erat,  nihil 
sibi  profuturum  intellexit  si  Polyphemum  interfecisset.  20 
Tanta  enim  erat  eius  saxi  magnitudo  ut  ne  a  decern 
quidem  hominibus  amoverl  posset.  Quae  cum  ita  essent, 
Ulixes  hoc  destitit  conatu  et  ad  socios  rediit ;  qui,  cum 
intellexissent  quo  in  loco  res  essent,  nulla  spe  salutis 
oblata,  de  fortunis  suis  desperare  coeperunt.     Ille  tamen,  25 

1    depulsos:    de/atos,    p.    18,  7    corripuit :  prehendit. 

I.17.  8  divolsis:  divisis. 

5  praecavendum:  cavendum,  15   in  eo  erat  ut :   minimum 

p.  2,  1.  21.  dfuit  quin,  p.  13,  1.  1. 


22  VIA   LA  TWA. 

ne  animos  demitterent,  vehementer  hortatus  est  ;  demon- 
stravit  se  iam  antea  e  multis  et  magnis  periculis  evasisse, 
neque  dubium  esse  quin  in  tanto  discrimine  dii  auxilium 
adlaturi  essent. 

31.    A  Plan  for  Vengeance. 

5  Orta  luce  Polyphemus  iam  e  somno  excitatus  idem 
quod  hesterno  die  fecit ;  correptis  enim  duobus  e  reliquis 
viris,  carnem  eorum  sine  mora  devoravit.  Turn,  cum 
saxum  amovisset,  ipse  cum  pecore  suo  ex  antro  pro- 
gressus  est.    Quod  cum  viderent  Graeci,  magnam  in  spem 

io  venerunt  se  post  paulum  evasuros.  Mox  tamen  ab  hac 
spe  repulsi  sunt  ;  nam  Polyphemus,  postquam  omnes 
oves  exierunt,  saxum  in  locum  restituit.  Reliqui  omni 
spe  salutis  deposita  lamentis  lacrimisque  se  dediderunt  : 
Ulixes    vero    qui,  ut  supra  demonstravimus,   vir  magni 

15  fuit  consili,  etsi  bene  intellegebat  rem  in  discrimine  esse, 
nondum  omnino  desperabat.  Tandem  postquam  diu  toto 
animo  cogitavit,  hoc  cepit  consilium.  E  lignis  quae  in 
antro  reposita  sunt,  palum  magnum  delegit,  quern  summa 
cum  diligentia  praeacutum  fecit ;  turn  postquam  socils  quid 

20  fieri  vellet  ostendit,  reditum  Polyphemi  exspectabat. 

32.    A  Glass  too  Much. 

Sub  vesperum  Polyphemus  ad  antrum  rediit  et  eodem 
modo  quo  antea  cenavit.  Turn  Ulixes  utrem  vini  promp- 
sit,  quern  forte,  ut  in  talibus  rebus  accidere  consuevit, 
secum    attulerat,    et   postquam    magnam   crateram   vino 

1   animos  demitterent :     ani-  7  sine  mora :  statim. 

mos  desponderent.  15   discrimine:  perlculo. 

6  hesternd  die :  fieri.  22  utrem :  pellem. 

22   prompsit :  protulit. 


UL  YSSES.  23 

replevit,  gigantem  ad  bibendum  provocavit.  Polyphemus, 
qui  numquam  antea  vinum  gustaverat,  totam  crateram 
statim  hausit  ;  quod  cum  fecisset,  tantam  voluptatem  per- 
cepit  ut  iterum  et  tertium  crateram  repleri  iusserit.  Turn 
cum  quaesivisset  quo  nomine  Ulixes  appellaretur,  ille  5 
respondit  se  Neminem  appellari.  Quod  cum  audivisset, 
Polyphemus  ita  locutus  est :  "  Hanc  tibi  gratiam  pro  tanto 
beneficio  referam  ;  te  ultimum  omnium  devorabo."  His 
dictis  cibo  vinoque  gravatus  recubuit  et  post  breve  tem- 
pus  somno  oppressus  est.  Turn  Ulixes  sociis  convocatis,  10 
"  Habemus,"  inquit,  "  quam  petiimus  facultatem  ;  ne 
igitur  tantam  occasionem  rei  bene  gerendae  omittamus." 

33.    Noman. 

His  dictis   postquam  extremum   palum   igni  calefecit, 
oculum  Polyphemi  dum  dormit  flagrante  ligno  transfodit ; 
quo  facto,  omnes  in  diversas  speluncae  partis  se  abdide-  15 
runt.     At  ille  subito  illo    dolore,  quod   necesse   fuit,    e 
somno  excitatus,  clamorem  terribilem  sustulit  et  dum  per 
speluncam   errat,  Ulixi  manum  inicere  conabatur  ;  cum 
tamen  iam  omnino  caecus  esset,  nullo  modo  hoc  efficere 
potuit.     Interea  reliqui  Cyclopes  clamore  audito  undique  20 
ad  speluncam  convenerunt  et  ad  introitum  adstantes  quid 
Polyphemus    ageret    quaesiverunt   et    quam   ob   causam 
tantum  clamorem  sustulisset.     Ille  respondit  se  graviter 
volneratum  esse  et  magno   dolore  adfici.       Cum  tamen 
ceteri   quaesivissent  quis  ei  vim  intulisset,  respondit  ille  25 
Neminem  id  fecisse.     Quibus  auditis,  unus  e  Cyclopibus, 

2  gustaverat:  cf.  p.  19,1.2.  14  transfodit:   trdnsfixity  p. 

3  percepit:  p.  5, 1.  9.  21, 1.  16. 

8  referam :  reddam.  21    introitum  :   p.  21,   1.    19 ; 

11    facultatem:  occdsionem.  aditum. 


24  VIA   LA  TINA. 

"  At  si  nemo,"  inquit,  "  te  volneravit,  haud  dubium  est 
quin  consilio  deorum,  quibus  resistere  nee  possumus  nee 
volumus,  hoc  supplicio  adficiaris."  His  dictis  abierunt 
Cyclopes  eum  in  insaniam  incidisse  arbitrati. 

34.    Escape. 

5  At  Polyphemus,  ubi  socios  suos  abiisse  sensit,  furore 
atque  amentia  impulsus  Ulixem  iterum  quaerere  coepit ; 
tandem  cum  portam  invenisset,  saxum  quo  obstructa  erat 
amovit,  ut  pecus  ad  agros  exiret.  Turn  ipse  in  introitu 
sedit  et  ut  quaeque  ovis  ad  locum  venerat  tergum   eius 

io  manibus  tractabat,  ne  viri  inter  ovis  exire  possent.  Quod 
cum  animadvertisset  Ulixes,  hoc  iniit  consilium  ;  bene 
enim  intellexit  omnem  spem  salutis  in  dolo  magis  quam 
in  virtute  poni.  Primum  tres  quas  vidit  pinguissimas  ex 
ovibus  delegit.     Quibus  inter  se  viminibus  conexis,  unum 

15  sociorum  ventribus  earum  ita  subiecit  ut  omnino  lateret  : 
deinde  ovis  hominem  secum  ferentis  ad  portam  egit.  Id 
accidit  quod  fore  suspicatus  erat.  Polyphemus  enim, 
postquam  mantis  tergis  earum  imposuit,  ovis  praeterire 
passus  est.     Ulixes,  ubi  rem  ita  feliciter  evenisse  vidit, 

20  omnis  suos  socios  ex  ordine  eodem  modo  emisit ;  quo 
facto,  ipse  ultimus  evasit. 

35.    Out  of  Danger. 

His  rebus  ita  confectis,  Ulixes  cum  sociis  maxime 
veritus  ne  Polyphemus  fraudem  sentiret,  quam  celerrime 
ad  litus  contendit.     Quo  cum  venissent,  ab  iis  qui  navi 

6  amentia  impulsus:  p.  16, 1.  14.     15   lateret:    celaretur,  p.  20, 
11  iniit  consilium:   cepit  con-        1.  19. 
silium,  p.  22,  1.  17.  23   fraudem:  dolum,  1.  12. 


ULYSSES.  25 

praesidio  relict!  erant,  magna  cum  laetitia  accept!  sunt. 
Hi  enim,  cum  animis  anxiis  iam  tres  dies  reditum  eorum 
in  horas  exspectavissent,  eos  in  periculum  grave  incidisse, 
id  quod  erat,  suspicati,  ipsi  auxiliandi  causa  egredl  para- 
bant.  Turn  Ulixes  non  satis  tutum  esse  arbitratus  si  in  5 
eo  loco  maneret,  quam  celerrime  proficisci  constituit. 
Iussit  igitur  omnis  navem  conscendere  et  ancoris  sublatis 
paulum  a  litore  in  altum  provectus  est.  Turn  magna 
voce  exclamavit,  "  Tu,  Polypheme,  qui  iura  hospiti 
spernis,  iustam  et  debitam  poenam  immanitatis  tuae  10 
solvisti."  Hac  voce  audita  Polyphemus  Ira  vehementer 
commotus  ad  mare  se  contulit  et  ubi  intellexit  navem 
paulum  a  litore  remotam  esse  saxum  ingens  manu  cor- 
reptum  in  earn  partem  coniecit,  unde  vocem  venire  sensit. 
Graeci  autem,  etsi  minimum  afuit  quin  submergerentur,  15 
nullo  accepto  damno  cursum  tenuerunt. 

36.    The  Country  of  the  Winds. 

Pauca  millia  passuum  ab  eo  loco  progressus  Ulixes 
ad  insulam  quandam,  nomine  Aeoliam,  navem  appulit. 
Haec  patria  erat  Ventorum. 

"  Hie  vasto  rex  Aeolus  antr5  20 

Liictantes  ventos  tempestatesque  sondras 
Imperi5  premit  ac  vinclis  et  carcere  frenat." 

Ibi  rex  ipse  Graecos  hospitio  accepit  atque  iis  persuasit 
ut  ad  recuperandas  vlris  paucos  dies  in  ea  regione 
commorarentur.     Septimo  die  cum  socii  e  laboribus  se  25 

1   laetitia:  gaudid, p.  12, 1. 11 ;  -_  ,      ._      .  _,      _^_ 

.  ,_                        r  21    luctantes:  inter  se pugnan- 

opp.  dolore.  . 

-    .j.-±.               ,  ,.      .  ^J.  P-  10,  1.  12. 
10   immanitatis :  crudehtatis. 

_.  ..  25   commorarentur  :    mane- 

15  minimum  afuitquin:  p.  13,  ,  , 

1.  I  ;  prope. 


26  VIA    LA  TINA. 

recepissent,  Ulixes,  ne  anni  tempore  a  navigatione  exclu- 
deretur,  sibi  sine  mora  proficlscendum  statuit.  Turn 
Aeolus,  qui  bene  sciebat  eum  maxime  cupidum  esse  patriae 
videndae,  Ulixi  iam  profecturo  magnum  dedit  saccum  e 
5  corio  confectum,  in  quo  ventos  omnls  praeter  unum 
incluserat.  Zephyrum  tantum  praetermiserat,  quod  ilium 
ventum  ad  Ithacam  navigando  idoneum  esse  sciebat. 
Ulixes  hoc  donum  libenter  accepit  et  gratiis  pro  tanto 
beneficio  relatls  saccum  ad  malum  ligavit.  Turn  omnibus 
10  ad  profectionem  paratis  meridiano  fere  tempore  e  portu 
solvit. 

37.    The  Wind-Bag:. 

Novem  dies  vento  secundissimo  cursum  tenuerunt, 
iamque  in  conspectum  patriae  suae  venerant,  cum  Ulixes 
lassitudine  confectus,  ipse  enim  manu  sua   gubernabat, 

iS  ad  quietem  capiendam  recubuit.  At  socil,  qui  iamdudum 
mirabantur  quid  in  illo  sacco  inclusum  esset,  cum  viderent 
ducem  sorano  oppressum  esse,  tantam  occasionem  non 
omittendam  arbitrati  sunt,  credebant  enim  aurum  et 
argentum  ibi  celari.     Itaque  spe   lucri    adducti   saccum 

20  sine  mora  solverunt :  quo  facto,  venti 

"  Velut  agmine  facto 
Qua  data  porta  ruunt  et  terras  turbine  perflant." 

Extemplo  tanta  tempestas  subito  coorta  est  ut  ill!  cursum 
tenere  non  possent,  sed  in  eandem  partem  unde  erant 

2  statuit:    cdnstituit,   p.   21,  14  lassitudine:  p.  10, 1.  1. 

1.  17.  19  celari:  latere,  p.  24,  1.  15. 

6  praetermiserat:    omlserat,  19  lucri :  pecuniae. 

p.  23,1.  12.  21  velut:  slcut. 

8   gratiis  .  .  .  relatls:  gratiis  22  data:  aperta. 

actis,  p.  7,1.  24.  23  extemplo  :  statim,  p.  8, 1.  3. 


UL  YSSES.  27 

profecti  referrentur.  Ulixes  e  somno  excitatus,  quo  in 
loco  res  esset,  statim  intellexit.  Saccum  solutum  et 
Ithacam  post  tergum  relictam  vidit.  Turn  vero  maxima 
indignatione  exarsit  sociosque  obiurgabat,  quod  cupidi- 
tate  pecuniae  adductl  spem  patriae  videndae  proiecissent.    5 

38.    Drawing  Lots. 

Brevi  intermisso  spado,  Graecl  Insulae  cuidam  appro- 
pinquaverunt  quam  Circe,  filia  Solis,  incolebat.  Ibi  cum 
navem  appulisset,  Ulixes  in  terram  frumentandi  causa 
egrediendum  esse  statuit  ;  cognoverat  enim  frumentum 
quod  in  navi  haberent  iam  deficere.  Sociis  igitur  ad  se  10 
convocatis,  quo  in  loco  res  esset  et  quid  fieri  vellet 
ostendit.  Cum  tamen  omnes  in  memoria  tenerent  quam 
crudeli  morte  occubuissent  ii  qui  nuper  in  patriam  Cyclo- 
pum  egressi  essent,  nemo  repertus  est  qui  hoc  negotium 
suscipere  vellet.  Quae  cum  ita  essent,  res  ad  controver-  15 
siam  deducta  est.  Tandem  Ulixes  consensu  omnium 
socios  in  duas  partis  divisit,  quarum  alteri  Eurylochus, 
vir  summae  virtutis,  alteri  ipse  praeesset.  Turn  hi  duo 
inter  se  sortiti  sunt,  uter  in  terram  egrederetur.  Hoc 
facto,  Eurylocho  sorte  evenit  ut  cum  duobus  et  viginti  20 
sociis  rem  susciperet. 

39.    The  House  of  the  Enchantress. 

His  rebus  ita  constitutis,  ii  qui  sorte  ducti  erant  in 
interiorem  partem  insulae  profecti  sunt.  Tantus  tamen 
timor  animos  eorum  occupaverat  ut  nihil  dubitarent  quin 

4  obiurgabat :  culpabat.  18   praeesset :  dux  esset. 

10  deficere:  p.  5,1.  15,  deesse.  20  evenit:  accidit. 

13  occubuissent :    tnortui  es-  24   occupaverat :   corripuerat, 

sent.  p.  21,  1.  7. 


28  VIA    LA  TINA. 

morti  obviam  irent.  Vix  quidem  poterant  ii  qui  in  navi 
relict!  erant  lacrimas  tenere,  credebant  enim  se  socios 
suos  numquam  iterum  visuros.  111!  autem  aliquantum 
itineris  progress!  ad  villain  quandam  pervenerunt,  summa 
5  magnificentia  aedificatam  ;  cuius  ad  ostium  cum  adiissent, 
carmen  dulcissimum  audiverunt.  Tanta  autem  fuit  eius 
vocis  dulcedo  ut  nullo  modo  retineri  possent  quin  ianuam 
pulsarent.  Hoc  facto,  ipsa  Circe  foras  exiit  et  summa 
cum  benignitate  omnis  in  hospitium  invitavit.    Eurylochus 

10  Insidias  comparari  suspicatus  foris  exspectare  constituit, 
at  reliqui  rei  novitate  adducti  intraverunt.  Convivium 
magnificum  invenerunt  omnibus  rebus  instructum  et  iussu 
dominae  libentissime  accubuerunt.  At  Circe  vinum  quod 
servl  apposuerunt  medicamento  quodam  miscuerat,  quod 

15  cum  illi  bibissent,  gravl  sopore  subito  oppressl  sunt. 

40.    Men  changed  to  Pigs. 

Turn  Circe,  quae  artis  magicae  summam  scientiam 
habebat,  baculo  aureo  quod  gerebat  capita  eorum  tetigit ; 
quo  facto  omnes  in  porcos  subito  conversi  sunt.  Interea 
Eurylochus  ignarus  quid  in  aedibus  ageretur  ad  ostium 

20  sedebat ;  postquam  tamen  ad  solis  occasum  anxio  animo 
et  sollicito  exspectaverat,  solus  ad  navem  regredi  consti- 
tuit. Eo  cum  venisset,  anxietate  ac  timore  ita  perturba- 
tus  fuit  ut  quae  vidisset  vix  lucide  narrare  posset.  At 
Ulixes  satis  intellexit  socios  suos  in  periculo  versarl  et 

25  gladio  correpto  Eurylocho  imperavit  ut  sine  mora  viam 
ad  istam  domum  monstraret.       Ille  tamen    multis    cum 

5   ostium:    introitum,  p.    21,           12  instructum :  pardtum. 

1.  19.  15  sopore :  somnd. 

7  ianuam:  portam.  21  regredi:  redire,  p.  2, 1.  9. 

8  foras :  e  domo.  24  versari :  esse. 


ULYSSES.  29 

lacrimis  Ulixem  complexus  obsecrare  coepit,  ne  in  tantum 
perlculum  se  committeret  :  Si  quid  gravius  ei  accidisset, 
omnium  salutem  in  summo  discrimine  futuram.  Ulixes 
autem  respondit  se  neminem  invitum  secum  adducturum  ; 
ei  licere,  si  mallet,  in  navi  manere ;  se  ipsum  sine  ullo  •  5 
auxilio  rem  suscepturum.  Hoc  cum  magna  voce  dixisset, 
e  navi  desiluit  et  nullo  sequente   solus  in  viam  se  dedit. 

41.   The  Counter  Charm. 

Aliquantum  itineris  progressus  ad  villam  magnificam 
pervenit,   quam  cum  oculis  perlustrasset,  statim  intrare 
statuit,  intellexit  enim  hanc  esse  eandem  de  qua  Eury-  10 
lochus  mentionem  fecisset.     At  cum  in  eo  esset  ut  limen 
transiret,  subito  obviam  ei  stetit  adulescens  forma  pul- 
cherrima,  aureum  baculum  manu  gerens.       Hie  Ulixem 
iam  domum   intrantem  manu  corripuit  et   "Quo  ruis?" 
inquit,   "  Nonne  scis   hanc  esse    Circes   domum?       Hie  15 
inclusi  sunt  amici  tui  ex  humana  specie   in  porcos  con- 
verse     Num  vis  ipse  in  eandem  calamitatem  venire  ? 
Ulixes  simul  ac  vocem  audivit  deum  Mercurium  agnovit, 
nullis  tamen  precibus  ab  instituto  consilio  deterreri  potuit. 
Quod  cum  Mercurius  sensisset,  herbam  quandam  ei  dedit,  2° 
quam   contra  carmina  maxime  valere  dicebat.      "  Hanc 
cape, "  inquit,  "  et  ubi  Circe  te  baculo  tetigerit,  tu  stricto 
gladio   impetum    in    earn   vide   ut   facias."      His   dictis 

Mercurius 

"  Mortales  visus  medio  sermdne  rellquit,  25 

Et  procul  in  tenuem  ex  oculis  evanuit  auram." 


i   obsecrare:  drdre. 
1   gravius :  tristius. 


11  in  eo  esset  ut:  p.  21 

13  gerens  :  f evens, 

7  in   viam  se  dedit :  profec-            _  ._     ^  _   _ 
'                                     r   J              16  specie :  figura. 

8  aliquantum  itineris :  p.  28, 
1-3- 


23   vide :  cunt. 
26   procul:  longe. 


30  VIA   LA  TINA. 

A2.  The  Enchantress  Foiled. 
BrevI  intermisso  spatio,  Ulixes  ad  omnia  pericula  sub- 
eunda  paratus  ostium  pulsavit  et  foribus  patefactis  ab  ipsa 
Circe  benigne  exceptus  est.  Omnia  eodem  modo  atque 
antea  facta  sunt.  Cenam  magnifice  Instructam  vidit  et 
5  accumbere  iussus  est.  Mox,  ubi  fames  cibd  depulsa  est, 
Circe  poculum  aureum  vino  repletum  Ulixi  dedit.  Ille, 
etsl  suspicatus  est  venenum  sibi  paratum  esse,  poculum 
exhausit.  Quo  facto,  Circe  postquam  caput  eius  baculo 
tetigit,  ea  verba  locuta  est  quibus  socios  eius  antea  in 

10  porcos  converterat.  Res  tamen  omnino  aliter  evenit 
atque  ilia  speraverat.  Tanta  enim  vis  erat  eius  herbae 
quam  dederat  Mercurius  ut  neque  venenum  neque  verba 
quidquam  efficere  possent.  Ulixes  autem,  sicut  iusserat 
Mercurius,  gladio  stricto  impetum  in  earn  fecit  et  mortem 

lS  minitabatur.  Turn  Circe,  cum  sensisset  artem  suam  nihil 
valere,  multis  cum  lacrimis  eum  obsecrare  coepit,  ne 
vitam  adimeret. 

43.    Pigs  changed  to  Men. 

Ulixes  autem,  ubi  sen  sit  earn  timore  perterritam  esse, 
postulavit  ut  socios  sine  mora  in  humanam  speciem  redu- 

20  ceret,  certior  enim  factus  erat  a  deo  Mercurio  eos  in 
porcos  conversos  esse  :  nisi  id  factum  esset,  ostendit  se 
debitas  poenas  sumpturum.  At  Circe  his  rebus  graviter 
commota  ad  pedes  eius  se  proiecit  et  multis  cum  lacrimis 
hire  iurando  confirmavit   se  quae  ille  imperasset  omnia 

25  facturam.     Turn  porcos  in  atrium  immitti  iussit.     111!  dato 

1  spatio  :  tempore.  17  adimeret :  privdret. 

2  ostium :  idnuam,  p.  28, 1.  7.  23   commSta  :  pej-territa. 

3  atque :  ut,  as.  24  iure  iurando  confirmavit : 
7  venenum:  p.  16, 1.  5.  iilravit. 


UL  YSSES.  31 

signo  inruerunt  et  cum  ducem  suum  agnovissent,  magno 
dolore  adfecti  sunt,  quod  nullo  modo  potuerunt  eum  de 
rebus  suis  certiorem  facere.  Circe  tamen  unguento 
quodam  corpora  eorum  unxit  ;  quo  facto  omnes  post  breve 
tempus  in  speciem  humanam  redditi  sunt.  Magno  cum  5 
gaudio  Ulixes  amicos  agnovit  et  nuntium  ad  litus  misit, 
qui  reliquis  Graecis  socios  receptos  esse  diceret.  111! 
autem  his  rebus  cognitis  statim  ad  domum  Circaeam  se 
contulerunt ;  quo  cum  venissent,  omnes  universi  laetitiae 
se  dediderunt.  10 

44.    Afloat  Again. 

Postridie  eius  die!  Ulixes  in  animo  habebat  ex  Insula 
quam  celerrime  discedere.  Circe  tamen,  cum  haec  cog- 
novisset,  ex  odio  ad  amorem  conversa  omnibus  precibus 
eum  orare  et  obtestari  coepit  ut  paucos  dies  apud  se 
moraretur  et  hoc  tandem  impetrato  tanta  beneficia  in  15 
eum  contulit  ut  facile  ei  persuasum  sit  ut  diutius  maneret. 
Postquam  tamen  totum  annum  apud  Circen  consump- 
serat,  Ulixes  magno  deslderio  patriae  suae  videndae  motus 
est.  Sociis  igitur  ad  se  convoeatis,  quid  in  animo  haberet 
ostendit.  Ubi  tamen  ad  litus  descendit,  navem  suam  20 
tempestatibus  ita  adflictam  invenit  ut  ad  navigandum 
paene  inutilis  esset.  Hac  re  cognita,  omnia  quae  ad 
navis  reficiendas  usui  sunt  compararl  iussit ;  qua  in  re 
tantam  diligentiam  omnes  praebebant  ut  ante  tertium 
diem  opus  confecerint.  At  Circe,  ubi  vidit  omnia  ad  25 
profectionem  parata  esse,  rem  aegre  ferebat  et  Ulixem 
vehementer  obsecrabat  ut  eo  consilio  desisteret.       Ille 

2  dolore  adfecti  sunt:  dolor  em  16  contulit:  dedit. 
perciperunt,  p.  5,  1.  9.                                23    USUI :  p.  3,  1.  21. 

3  rebus  suis  :  calamitdte.  26  aegre  ferebat :  p.  8, 1.  19. 


32  VIA    LA  TINA. 

tamen,  ne  anni  tempore  a  navigatione  excluderetur,  matu- 
randum  sibi  existimavit  et  tempestatem  idoneam  nactus 
navem  solvit.  Multa  quidem  pericula  Ulixi  subeunda 
erant  antequam  in  patriam  suam  perveniret,  quae  tamen 
5  in  hoc  loco  longum  est  perscribere. 


CALIFS! 


THE    SEVEN   KINGS    OF    ROME. 
I.    Romani  imperi  Exordium. 

Proca,  rex  Albanorum,  Numitorem  et  Amulium  filios 
habuit.  Numitori,  qui  natu  maior  erat,  regnum  reliquit ; 
sed  Amulius  pulso  fratre  regnavit  et,  ut  eum  subole  priva- 
ret,  Rheam  Silviam,  eius  filiam,  Vestae  sacerdotem  fecit, 
quae  tamen  Romulum  et  Remum  geminos  edidit.  Ea  re  5 
cognita  Amulius  ipsam  in  vincula  coniecit,  parvulos  alveo 
impositos  abiecit  in  Tiberim,  qui  tunc  forte  super  ripas 
erat  effusus  ;  sed  relabente  flumine  eos  aqua  in  sicco  reli- 
quit. Vastae  turn  in  eis  locis  solitudines  erant.  Lupa, 
ut  fama  traditum  est,  ad  vagitum  accurrit,  infantis  lingua  10 
lambit,  libera  eorum  ori  admovit  matremque  se  gessit. 

Cum  lupa  saepius  ad  parvulos  veluti  ad  catulos  rever- 
teretur,  Faustulus,  pastor  regius,  re  animadversa  eos  tulit 
in  casam  et  Accae  Larentiae  coniugi  dedit  educandos. 
Adulti  deinde  hi  inter  pastores  primo  ludicris  certamini-  15 
bus  vires  auxere,  deinde  venando  saltus  peragrare  et 
latrones  a  rapina  pecorum  arcere  coeperunt.  Qua  re 
cum  eis  insidiati  essent  latrones,  Remus  captus  est, 
Romulus  vi  se  defendit.  Turn  Faustulus  necessitate 
compulsus  indicavit  Romulo  quis  esset  eorum  avus,  quae  20 
mater.  Romulus  statim  armatis  pastoribus  Albam  pro- 
peravit. 

Interea  Remum  latrones  ad  Amulium  regem  perduxe- 
runt,  eum   accusantes    quasi    Numitoris   agros  infestare 

3   subole :  progenie.  17  arcere  :  prohibere. 

5  edidit :  peperit.  21   statim  :  sine  mora. 

8   relabente  :  refluente.  24  infestare  :  vexdre. 


34  VIA   LATINA. 

solitus  esset  ;  itaque  Remus  a  rege  Numitori  ad  suppli- 
cium  traditus  est ;  at  cum  Numitor,  adulescentis  voltum 
considerans,  aetatem  minimeque  servilem  indolem  com- 
pararet,  haud  procul  erat  quin  nepotem  agnosceret.  Nam 
5  Remus  oris  llneamentls  erat  matri  simillimus  aetasque 
expositionis  temporibus  congruebat.  Ea  res  dum  Numi- 
toris  animum  anxium  tenet,  repente  Romulus  supervenit, 
fratrem  liberat,  interempto  Amulio  avum  Numitorem  in 
regnum  restituit. 

10  Deinde  Romulus  et  Remus  urbem,  in  eisdem  locis  ubi 
expositi  ubique  educati  erant,  condiderunt ;  sed  orta  inter 
eos  contentione  uter  nomen  novae  urbi  daret  eamque 
imperio  regeret,  auspicia  decreverunt  adhibere.  Remus 
prior  sex  voltures,  Romulus  postea  duodecim  vldit.     Sic 

15  Romulus,  victor  augurio,  urbem  Romam  vocavit.  Ad 
novae  urbis  tutelam  sufficere  vallum  videbatur.  Cuius 
angustias  inridens  cum  Remus  saltu  id  traiecisset,  eum 
Iratus  Romulus  interfecit  his  increpans  verbis :  "  Sic 
deinde,  quicumque  alius   transiliet    moenia   mea."      Ita 

20  solus  potitus  est  imperio  Romulus. 

2.    Romulus,  Romanorum  Rex  Primus. 

753-7IS   (?)   B-C 

Romulus  imaginem  urbis  magis  quam  urbem  fecerat ; 

incolae  deerant.      Erat  in  proximo  lucus ;  hunc  asylum 

fecit.     Et  statim  eo  mira  vis  latronum  pastorumque  con- 

fugit.     Cum  vero  uxores  ipse  populusque  non  haberent, 

25  legatos  circa  vicinas  gentis  misit,  qui  societatem   conu- 

3  indolem:  naturam.  13  adhibere:  uti. 

4  haud  :  non.  16   tutelam  :  praesidium. 
6    congruebat :  conveniebat.            22   in  proximo  :  prope. 

8   interempto :  interfecto.  23   vis  :  numerus. 


THE  SEVEN  KINGS   OF  ROME.  35 

biumque  novo  populo  peterent.  Nusquam  benigne  audita 
legatio  est ;  ludibrium  etiam  additum :  "Cur  non  feminis 
quoque  asylum  aperuistis  ?  Id  enim  compar  foret  conu- 
bium."  Romulus  aegritudinem  animi  dissimulans  ludos 
parat ;  indici  deinde  finitimis  spectaculum  iubet.  Multi  5 
convenere  studio  etiam  videndae  novae  urbis,  maxime 
Sabini  cum  liberis  et  coniugibus.  Ubi  spectaculi  tempus 
venit  eoque  conversae  mentes  cum  oculis  erant,  turn  signo 
dato  iuvenes  Romani  discurrunt,  virgines  rapiunt. 

Haec  fuit  statim  causa  belli.     Sabini  enim  ob  virgines  10 
raptas   bellum    adversus    Romanos   sumpserunt  et,  cum 
Romae  appropinquarent,  Tarpeiam  virginem  nacti  sunt, 
quae   aquam  forte   extra   moenia  petitum  ierat.     Huius 
pater  Romanae  praeerat  arci.     Titus  Tatius,  Sabinorum 
dux,  Tarpeiae  optionem  muneris  dedit,  si  exercitum  suum  15 
in    Capitolium    perduxisset.     Ilia   petiit  quod   Sabini  in 
sinistris  manibus  gererent,  videlicet  et  anulos  et  armillas. 
Quibus  dolose  promissis  Tarpeia  Sabinos  in  arcem  per- 
duxit,  ubi  Tatius  scutis  earn  obrui  iussit  ;  nam  et  ea  in 
laevis  habuerant.     Sic  impia  proditio  celeri  poena  vindi-  20 
cata  est. 

Deinde  Romulus  ad  certamen  processit  et  in  eo 
loco  ubi  nunc  Romanum  Forum  est,  pugnam  conseruit. 
Primo  impetu  vir  inter  Romanos  insignis,  nomine  Hos- 
tilius,  forfissime  dimicans  cecidit ;  cuius  interitu  conster-  25 
nati  Roman!  fugere  coeperunt.  lam  Sabini  clamitabant : 
"  Vicimus  perfidos  hospites,  imbellis  hostis.  Nunc  sciunt 
longe  aliud  esse  virgines  rapere,  aliud  pugnare  cum  viris." 
Tunc  Romulus  arma  ad  caelum  tollens  Iovi  aedem  vovit, 

11  sumpserunt:  susceperunt.  17   videlicet:  id  est. 

15  muneris:  doni.  23   conseruit:  commisit. 

17  sinistris:  laevis.  25   interitu:  morte. 


36  VIA   LA  TINA. 

et  exercitus  seu  forte  seu  divinitus  restitit.  Itaque  proe- 
lium  redintegratur ;  sed  raptae  mulieres  crinibus  passis 
ausae  sunt  se  inter  tela  volantia  Inferre  et  hinc  patres 
hinc  viros  orantes,  pacem  conciliarunt. 
5  Romulus  foedere  cum  Tatio  icto  et  Sabinos  in  urbem 
recepit  et  regnum  cum  Tatio  sociavit.  Verum  non  ita 
multo  post  occiso  Tatio  ad  Romulum  potentatus  omnis 
recidit.  Centum  deinde  ex  senioribus  elegit,  quorum 
consilio  omnia  ageret,  quos  senatores  nominavit  propter 

10  senectutem.  Tres  equitum  centurias  constituit,  populum 
in  triginta  curias  distribuit.  His  ita  ordinatls  cum  ad 
exercitum  lustrandum  contionem  in  campo  ad  Caprae 
paludem  haberet,  subito  coorta  est  tempestas  cum  magno 
fragore  tonitribusque  et  Romulus  e  conspectu  ablatus  est. 

15  Ad  deos  transisse  volgo  creditus  est  ;  cui  rei  fidem  fecit 
Iulius  Proculus,  vir  nobilis.  Orta  enim  inter  patres  et 
plebem  seditione,  in  contionem  processit  iure  iurando  ad- 
flrmans  visum  a  se  Romulum  augustiore  forma,  eun- 
demque   praecipere    ut   seditionibus    abstinerent  et  rem 

20  militarem  colerent  ;  futurum  ut  omnium  gentium  domi- 
ni  exsisterent.  Aedes  in  colle  Quirinali  Romulo  consti- 
tuta,  ipse  pro  deo  cultus  et  Quirinus  est  appellatus. 


3.    Numa  Pompilius,  Romanorum  Rex  Secnndus. 

% 

715-673    (?)   B.C. 

Successit  Romulo  Numa  Pompilius,  vir  incluta  iustitia 
et  religione.     Is  Curibus,  ex  oppido  Sabinorum,  accitus 
25  est.      Qui  cum  Romam  venisset,  ut  populum  ferum  re- 
ligione mitigaret,  sacra  plurima  instituit.     Aram  Vestae 

1   seu  .  .  .  seu :  vel .  .  .  vel.  23  incluta :  darti. 

8   recidit :  rediit.  24   accitus  est :  arcessltus  est. 


THE   SEVEN  KINGS   OF  ROME.  37 

consecravit  et  ignem  in  ara  perpetuo  alendum  virginibus 
dedit.  Flaminem  Iovis  sacerdotem  creavit  eumque  in- 
signi  veste  et  curuli  sella  adornavit.  Dicitur  quondam 
ipsum  Iovem  e  caelo  elicuisse.  Hie  ingejitibus  fulminibus 
in  urbem  demissis  descendit  in  nemus  Aventinum,  ubi  5 
Numam  docuit  quibus  sacris  fulmina  essent  procuranda 
et  praeterea  imperi  certa  pignora  populo  Romano  datu- 
rum  se  esse  promisit.  Numa  laetus  rem  populo  nuntiavit. 
Postridie  omnes  ad  aedis  regias  convenerunt  silentesque 
exspectabant  quid  futurum  esset.  Atque  sole  orto  dela-  10 
bitur  e  caelo  scisso  scutum,  quod  ancile  appellavit  Numa. 
Id  ne  furto  auferri  posset,  Mamurium  fabrum  undecim 
scuta  eadem  forma  fabricare  iussit.  Duodecim  autem 
Salios  Martis  sacerdotes  legit,  qui  ancilia,  secreta  ilia  im- 
peri pignora,  custodirent  et  Kalendis  Martiis  per  urbem  15 
canentes  et  rite  saltantes  ferrent. 

Annum  in  duodecim  mensis  ad  cursum  lunae  descrip- 
sit ;    nefastos  fastosque  dies  fecit ;   portas  Iano  gemino 
aedificavit,  ut  esset  index  pads  et  belli  ;  nam  apertus, 
in   armis   esse   civitatem,  clausus,  pacatos   circa   omnis  20 
populos,  significabat. 

Leges  quoque  pliirimas  et  utiles  tulit  Numa.  Ut  vero 
maiorem  institutis  suis  auctoritatem  conciliaret,  simulavit 
sibi  cum  dea.  Egeria  esse  conloquia  nocturna,  eiusque 
monitu  se  omnia  quae  ageret  facere.  Lucus  erat,  quern  25 
medium  fons  perenni  rigabat  aqua  ;  eo  saepe  Numa  sine 
arbitris  se  inferebat,  velut  ad  congressum  deae  :  ita  om- 
nium animos  ea  pietate  imbuit  ut  fides  ac  ius  iurandum 
non  minus  quam  legum  et  poenarum  metus  civis  con- 
tineret.      Bellum  quidem  nullum  gessit,  sed  non   minus  3° 

4  elicuisse:  ediixisse.  17  descripsit:  divlsit. 

6   pr5curanda:  dvertenda.  27   arbitris:  testibus. 

11   scisso:  diviso.  27  velut:  veluti,  p.  33, 1.  12. 


38  VIA    LA  TINA. 

civitati  profuit  quam  Romulus.  Morbo  exstinctus  in 
Ianiculo  monte  sepultus  est.  Ita  duo  deinceps  reges,  ille 
bello,  hie  pace,  civitatem  auxerunt.  Romulus  septem  et 
triginta  regnavit  annos,  Numa  tres  et  quadraginta. 

4.    Tullus  Hostilius,  Romanoruin  Rex  Tertius. 

673-641    (?)    B.C. 

5  Mortuo  Numa  Tullus  Hostilius  rex  creatus  est.  Hie 
non  solum  proximo  regi  dissimilis,  sed  ferocior  etiam 
Romulo  fuit.  E6  regnante  bellum  inter  Albanos  et 
Romanos  exortum  est.  Ducibus  Hostilio  et  Fufetio 
placuit   rem   paucorum    certamine    finiri.       Erant    apud 

10  Romanos  trigemini  fratres  Horatii,  tres  apud  Albanos 
Curiatii.  Cum  els  agunt  reges  ut  pro  sua  quisque  patria 
dimicent  ferro.  Foedus  ictum  est  ea  lege,  ut  unde  vic- 
toria ibi  imperium  esset. 

Icto   foedere   trigemini    arma   capiunt   et   in   medium 

15  inter  duas  acies  procedunt.  Consederant  utrimque  duo 
exercittis.  Datur  signum  infestisque  armis  terni  iuvenes, 
magnorum  exercituum  animos  gerentes,  concurrunt.  Ut 
primo  concursu  increpuere  arma  micantesque  fulsere 
gladii,  horror  ingens    spectantis    perstringit.      Corisertis 

20  deinde  manibus  statim  duo  Romani  alius  super  alium 
exspirantes  ceciderunt ;  tres  Albani  volnerati.  Ad  ca- 
sum  Romanorum  conclamavit  gaudio  exercitus  Albanus. 
Romanos  iam  spes  tota  deserebat.  Unum  Horatium 
tres  Curiatii  circumsteterant.     Forte  is  integer  fuit ;  sed 

1  exstinctus:  mortuus.  17  gerentes:  habentes. 

6  ferScior :  bellicosior.  17  ut :  cum. 

9  certamine :  pugnd.  18  increpuere :  resondvemnt. 

12  lege :  conditione.  19  perstringit :  corripit. 

16  infestis  :  inimicis.  24  integer  :  involnerdtus. 


THE   SEVEN  KINGS   OF  ROME.  39 

quia  tribus  impar  erat,  ut  distraheret  hostis,  fugam  capes- 
sivit,  singulos  per  intervalla  secuturos  esse  ratus.  lam 
aliquantum  spati  ex  eo  loco  ubi  pugnatum  est  aufugerat, 
cum  respiciens  videt  unum  e  Curiatils  haud  procul  ab 
sese  abesse.  In  eum  magno  impetu  redit  et,  dum  Alba-  5 
nus  exercitus  inclamat  Curiatils  ut  opem  ferant  fratri, 
iam  Horatius  eum  occiderat.  Alterum  deinde,  priusquam 
tertius  posset  consequl,  interfecit. 

Iam  singuli  supererant,  sed  nee  spe  nee  vlribus  pares. 
Alter  erat  intactus  ferro  et  geminata  victoria  ferox ;  10 
alter  fessum  volnere  fessum  cursu  trahebat  corpus.  Nee 
illud  proelium  fuit.  Romanus  exsultans  male  sustinen- 
tem  arma  Curiatium  conficit,  iacentem  spoliat.  Roman! 
ovantes  ac  gratulantes  Horatium  accipiunt  et  domum 
deducunt.  Princeps  Ibat  Horatius  trium  fratrum  spolia  15 
prae  se  gerens.  Cui  obvia  fuit  soror,  quae  desponsa 
fuerat  uni  ex  Curiatils,  vlsoque  super  umeros  fratris  palu- 
damento  sponsi,  quod  ipsa  confecerat,  flere  et  crinis  sol- 
vere coepit.  Movet  ferocis  iuvenis  animum  comploratio 
sororis  in  tanto  gaudio  publico  ;  itaque  stricto  gladio  20 
transfigit  puellam,  simul  earn  verbis  increpans :  M  Abi 
hinc  cum  immaturd  amore  ad  sponsum,  oblita  fratrum, 
obllta  patriae.  Sic  eat  quaecumque  Roman  a  lugebit 
hostem.,, 

Atrox  id  visum  est  f acinus  patribus  pleblque  ;  qua  re  25 
raptus  est  in  ius  Horatius  et  apud  iudices  condemnatus. 
Iam  accesserat  lictor  iniciebatque  laqueum.     Turn  Hora- 
tius ad  populum  provocavit.     Interea  pater  HoratI  senex 
proclamabat  filiam  suam  iure  caesam  esse ;  et  iuvenem 

2  ratus :  exTstimans.  19  compldratio :  luctus. 

12  male :  vix.  21   increpans  :  culpans. 

13  conficit:  interficit.  26   ius :  indicium. 


40  VIA   LA  TINA. 

amplexus  spoliaque  Curiatiorum  ostentans  orabat  popu- 
lum  ne  se,  quern  paulo  ante  cum  egregia  stirpe  conspexis- 
sent,  orbum  liberis  faceret.  Non  tulit  populus  patris 
lacrimas  iuvenemque  absolvit  admlratione  magis  virtutis 
5  quam  iure  causae.  Ut  tamen  caedes  manifesta  expiaretur, 
pater  quibusdam  sacrificiis  peractis  transmisit  per  viam 
tigillum  et  fllium  capite  adoperto  velut  sub  iugum  misit  ; 
quod  tigillum  sororium  appellatum  est. 

Non  diu  pax  Albana  mansit ;  nam  Mettius  Fufetius, 

io  dux  Albanorum,  cum  se  invidiosum  apud  clvis  videret, 
quod  bellum  uno  paucorum  certamine  finisset,  ut  rem 
corrigeret,  Veientes  Fidenatesque  adversus  Romanos 
concitavit.  Ipse  a  Tullo  in  auxilium  arcessitus  aciem 
in   collem   subduxit,    ut   fortunam    belli    exspectaret   et 

15  sequeretur.  Qua  re  Tullus  intellecta  magna  voce  ait 
suo  illud  iussu  Mettium  facere,  ut  hostes  a  tergo  cir- 
cumvenirentur.  Quo  audito  hostes  territi  et  victi  sunt. 
Postero  die  Mettius  cum  ad  gratulandum  Tullo  venisset, 
iussu  illius   quadrigis  religatus  et  in  diversa  distractus 

20  est.  Deinde  Tullus  Albam  propter  ducis  perfidiam  diruit 
et  Albanos  Romam  transire  iussit. 

Roma  interim  crevit  Albae  ruinis ;  duplicatus  est 
civium  numerus ;  mons  Caelius  urbi  additus  et,  quo 
frequentius  habitaretur,  earn  sedem  Tullus  regiae  cepit 

25  ibique  deinde  habitavit.  Auctarum  virium  fldiicia  elatus 
bellum  Sabinis  indixit :  pestilentia  insecuta  est  ;  nulla 
tamen  ab  armis  quies  dabatur.  Credebat  enim  rex  belli- 
cosus  salubriora  militiae  quam  domi  esse  iuvenum  cor- 

2   stirpe :  progenie.  10   invidiosum :  invTsum. 

6  peractis :  perfectis.  20  diruit :  delevit. 

7  adoperto :  tectd.  25  f idiicia :  fide. 

9   mansit :  durdvit.  28   salubriora  :  validiora. 


THE   SEVEN  KING3*JgjF  ^OME.^^  41 


pora,  sed  ipse  quoque  diuturno  morbo  est  implicatus. 
Tunc  vero  adeo  fracti  simul  cum  corpore  sunt  spiritus 
illi  feroces  ut  nulli  rei  posthac  nisi  sacris  operam  daret. 
Memorant  Tullum  fulmine  ictum  cum  domo  conflagrasse. 
Tullus  magna  gloria  belli  regnavit  annos  duos  et  triginta.     5 

5.    Ancus  Marcins,  Romanorum  Rex  Quartus. 

641-616  (?)   B.C. 

Tullo  mortuo  Ancum  Marcium  regem  populus  creavit. 
Numae  Pompili  nepos  Ancus  Marcius  erat,  aequitate  et 
religione  avo  similis.  Tunc  Latini,  cum  quibus  Tullo 
regnante  ictum  foedus  erat,  sustulerant  animos  et  incur- 
sionem  in  agrum  Romanum  fecerunt.  Ancus,  priusquam  10 
els  bellum  indiceret,  legatum  misit,  qui  res  repeteret, 
eumque  morem  posteri  acceperunt.  Id  autem  hoc  modo 
fiebat.  Legatus,  ubi  ad  finis  eorum  venit  a  quibus 
res  repetuntur,  capite  velato,  "Audi,  Iuppiter,"  inquit, 
"audite,  fines  huius  populi.  Ego  sum  publicus  nuntius  15 
populi  Romani  :  verbis  meis  fides  sit."  Deinde  peragit 
postulata.  Si  non  deduntur  res  quas  exposcit,  hastam 
in  finis  hostium  emittit  bellumque  ita  indicit.  Legatus 
qui  ea  de  re  mittitur  fetialis,  ritusque  belli  indicendi  ius 
fetiale  appellatur.  .  20 

Legato  Romano  res  repetenti  superbe  responsum  est 
a  Latinis  :  qua.  re  bellum  hoc  modo  eis  indictum  est. 
Ancus  exercitu  conscripto  profectus  Latinos  fudit  et 
compluribus  oppidis  deletis  civis  Romam  traduxit.     Cum 

1  implicatus:  adflictus.  16   peragit:  explicat. 

4  memorant:  ndrrant.  17   exposcit :  postulat. 

9  sustulerant :  erexerant.  23   fudit :  fugdvit. 

14  velato:  adopertd,  p. 40, 1. 7.  24   deletis :  dirutls. 


42  VIA    LATINA. 

autem  in  tanta  hominum  multitudine  facinora  clandes- 
tina  fierent,  Ancus  carcerem  in  media  urbe  ad  terrorem 
increscentis  audaciae  aedificavit.  Idem  nova  moenia 
urbi  circumdedit,  Ianiculum  montem  ponte  sublicio  in 
5  Tiber!  facto  urbi  coniunxit,  in  ore  Tiberis  Ostiam  urbem 
condidit.  Pluribus  aliis  rebus  intra  paucos  annos  con- 
fectis  immatura  morte  praereptus  obiit. 

6.    Lucius  Tarquinius  Prisons,  Romanorum  Rex  Quintus. 

6l6-S78   (?)    B.C. 

Anco  regnante  Lucius  Tarquinius,  Tarquiniis  ex  Etru- 
riae   urbe   profectus,  cum   coniuge   et  fortunis   omnibus 

10  Romam  commigravit.  Additur  haec  fabula:  advenienti 
aquila  pilleum  sustulit  et  super  carpentum,  cui  Tarquinius 
insidebat,  cum  magno  clangore  volitans  rursus  capiti  apte 
reposuit ;  inde  sublimis  abiit.  Tanaquil  coniunx,  caeles- 
tium  prodigiorum  perita,  regnum  ei  portend!  intellexit; 

15  itaque,  virum  complexa,  excelsa  et  alta  sperare  eum  iussit. 
Has  spes  cogitationesque  secum  portantes  urbem  ingress! 
sunt,  domicilioque  ibi  comparato  Tarquinius  pecunia  et 
industria.  dignitatem  atque  etiam  And  regis  familiarita- 
tem  consecutus  est ;  a  quo  tutor  liberis  relictus  regnum 

20  intercepit  et  ita  administravit,  quasi  hire  adeptus  esset. 

Tarquinius    Priscus    Latinos   bello    domuit ;     Circum 

Maximum  aedificavit  ;    de  Sabinls  triumphavit ;    murum 

lapideum  urbi  circumdedit.     Equitum  centurias  duplica- 

vit,  nomina  mutare  non  potuit,  deterritus,  ut  ferunt,  AttI 

25  Navi    auctoritate.      Attus    enim,    ea    tempestate    augur 

7  immatura :  praemdturd.  20  intercepit :  usurpavit. 

15   virum-  coniugem.  20   adeptus:  consecutus,  1.  19. 

15   excelsa:  egregia, p.  40, 1. 2.  25  tempestate:  tempore. 


THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  43 

inclutus,  id  fieri  posse  negabat,  nisi  aves  addixissent ;  iratus 
rex  in  experimentum  artis  eum  interrogavit  fierine  posset 
quod  ipse  mente  concepisset;  Attus  augurio  acto  fieri 
posse  respondit.  "Atqui  hoc,"  inquit  rex,  "agitabam, 
num  cotem  illam  secare  novacula  possem."  "  Potes  5 
ergo,"  inquit  augur,  et  rex  secuisse  dicitur.  Tarquinius 
filium  tredecim  annorum,  quod  in  proelio  hostem  percus- 
sisset,  praetexta  bullaque  donavit ;  unde  haec  ingenuorum 
puerorum  insignia  esse  coeperunt. 

Supererant  duo  Anci  filii,  qui  aegre  ferentes  se  paterno  10 
regno  fraudatos  esse  regi  insidias  paraverunt.  Ex  pas- 
toribus  duos  ferocissimos  deligunt  ad  patrandum  facinus. 
Ei  simulata  rixa  in  vestibulo  regiae  tumultuantur.  Quo- 
rum clamor  cum  penitus  in  regiam  pervenisset,  vocati 
ad  regem  pergunt.  Primo  uterque  vociferari  coepit  et  15 
certatim  alter  alteri  obstrepere.  Cum  vero  iussi  essent 
invicem  dicere,  Onus  ex  composito  rem  orditur  ;  dumque 
intentus  in  eum  se  rex  totus  avertit,  alter  elatam  securim 
in  eius  caput  deiecit,  et  relicto  in  volnere  telo  ambo  foras 
se  proripiunt.  20 

7.   Servltis  Tullins,  Romanomm  Rex  Sextns. 

578-534  (?)   B.C. 

Post  hunc  Servius  Tullius  suscepit  imperium  genitus 
ex  nobili  femina,  captiva  tamen  et  famula.  Qui  cum  in 
domo  Tarquini  Prisci  educaretur,  ferunt  prodigium  visu 
eventuque  mirabile  accidisse.  Flammae  species  pueri 
dormientis  caput  amplexa  est.     Hoc  visu  Tanaquil  sum-  25 

1  inclutus:  p.  36,  1.  23.  7   percussisset :  interfecisset. 

1  addixissent :  secundae fuis-         22  famula :  servd. 
sent.  23   ferunt:  dicunt. 


44  VIA   LA  TINA. 

mam  ei  dignitatem  portend!  intellexit  coniugique  suasit 
ut  eum  haud  secus  ac  suos  liberos  educaret.  Is  post- 
quam  adolevit,  et  fortitudine  et  consilio  inslgnis  fuit.  In 
proelio  quodam,  in  quo  rex  Tarquinius  adversus  Sabinos 
5  conflixit,  militibus  segnius  dimicantibus,  raptum  signum 
in  hostem  misit.  Cuius  recipiendi  gratia  Romani  tarn 
acriter  pugnaverunt  ut  et  signum  et  victoriam  referrent. 
Qua  re  a  Tarquinio  gener  adsumptus  est ;  et  cum  Tar- 
quinius  occisus  esset,  Tanaquil,  Tarquini  uxor,  mortem 

io  eius  celavit  populumque  ex  superiore  parte  aedium  ad- 
locuta,  ait  regem  grave  quidem,  sed  non  letale  volnus 
accepisse  eumque  petere  ut  interim,  dum  convalesceret, 
Servio  Tullio  dicto  audientes  essent.  Sic  Servius  Tullius 
regnare  coepit,  sed  recte  imperium  administravit.     Sabi- 

15  nos  subegit;  montis  tres,  Quirinalem,  Viminalem,  Esquili- 
num  urbi  adiunxit;  fossas  circa  murum  duxit.  Idem 
censum  ordinavit  et  populum  in  classis  et  centurias  dis- 
tribuit. 

Servius   Tullius   aliquod   urbi   decus   addere  volebat. 

20  lam  turn  inclutum  erat  Dianae  Ephesiae  fanum.  Id  com- 
muniter  a  civitatibus  Asiae  factum  fama  ferebat.  Itaque 
Latinorum  populis  suasit  ut  et  ipsi  fanum  Dianae  cum 
populo  Romano  Romae  in  Aventino  monte  aediflcarent. 
Quo  facto  bos  mirae  magnitudinis  cuidam    Latino  nata 

25  dicitur  et  responsum  somnio  datum,  eum  populum  sum- 
mam  imperi  habiturum  cuius  civis  bovem  illam  Dianae 
immolasset.  Latinus  bovem  ad  fanum  Dianae  egit  et 
causam  sacerdoti  Romano  exposuit.     Ille  callidus  dixit 

2  secus:  aliter.  11  letale:  mortiferum. 

2  ac  :  quatn.  19  decus  :  orndmentum. 

5  segnius :  ignavius.  25  responsum  :  ordculum. 

10  aedium :  domiis.  27  immolasset :  sacrijicasset. 


THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  45 

prius  eum  vivo  flumine  manus  abluere  debere.  Latinus 
dum  ad  Tiberim  descendit,  sacerdos  bovem  immolavit. 
Ita  imperium  civibus  sibique  gloriam  adquisivit. 

Servius  Tullius  filiam  alteram  ferocem,  mltem  alteram 
habens,  cum  TarquinI  filios  pari  esse  animo  videret,  fero-  5 
cem  miti,  mitem  feroci  in  matrimonium  dedit,  ne  duo 
violenta  ingenia  matrimonio  iungerentur.  Sed  mites  seu 
forte  seu  fraude  perierunt ;  ferocis  morum  similitudo 
coniunxit.  Statim  Tarquinius  a  Tullia  incitatus  advocato 
senatu  regnum  paternum  repetere  coepit.  Qua  re  audita  10 
Servius  dum  ad  curiam  contendit,  iussu  Tarquini  per 
gradus  deiectus  et  domum  refugiens  interfectus  est. 
Tullia  carpento  vecta  in  Forum  properavit  et  coniugem  e 
curia  evocatum  prima  regem  salutavit;  cuius  iussu  cum 
e  turba  ac  tumultu  decessisset  domumque  rediret,  viso  15 
patris  corpore  mulionem  cunctantem  et  frena  inhibentem 
super  ipsum  corpus  carpentum  agere  iussit.  Unde  vicus 
ille  sceleratus  dictus  est.  Servius  Tullius  regnavit  annos 
quattuor  et  quadraginta. 

8.    Tarquinitis  Superbus,  Romanorum  Rex  Septimus  et  Ultimas. 

534-510  (?)    B.C. 

Tarquinius  Superbus  regnum  sceleste  occupavit.     Ta-  20 
men  bello  strenuus  Latinos  Sabinosque  domuit.     Urbem 
Gabios  in  potestatem  redegit  fraude  Sexti  fili.     Is  cum 
indigne  ferret  earn  urbem  a  patre  expugnari  non  posse, 
ad  Gabinos  se  contulit,  patris  saevitiam  in  se  conquerens. 

3   adquisivit :  consecutus  est,  16  inhibentem  :  retinentem. 

p.  42, 1.  19.  20  sceleste:    nefdrie. 

5   pari:  simili.  23  indigne:  aegre,  p.  43,1. 10. 

16   cunctantem:  dubitantem.  24  saevitiam:  crudelitdtem. 


46  VIA   LA  TINA. 

Benigne  a  Gabinis  exceptus  paulatim  eorum  benevolen- 
tiam  consequitur,  fictis  blanditiis  ita  eos  adliciens  ut  apud 
omnis  plurimum  posset  et  ad  postremum  dux  belli  eligere- 
tur.  Turn  e  suis  unum  ad  patrem  mittit  sciscitatum  quid- 
5  nam  se  facere  vellet.  Pater  nuntio  fill  nihil  respondit, 
sed  velut  dellberabundus  in  hortum  transiit  ibique  inam- 
bulans  sequente  nuntio  altissima  papaverum  capita  baculo 
decussit.  Nuntius  fessus  exspectando  rediit  Gabios. 
Sextus  cognito  silentio  patris  et  facto  intellexit  quid  vellet 

10  pater.  Primores  civitatis  interemit  patrique  urbem  sine 
ulla  dimicatione  tradidit. 

Postea  rex  Ardeam  urbem  obsidebat.  Ibi  cum  in 
castris  essent,  Tarquinius  Collatinus,  sorore  regis  natus, 
forte  cenabat  apud   Sextum  Tarquinium  cum  iuvenibus 

1 5  regiis.  Incidit  de  uxoribus  mentio :  cum  suam  unus 
quisque  laudaret,  placuit  experiri.  Itaque  citatis  equis 
Romam  avolant;  regias  nurus  in  convivio  et  luxu  depre- 
hendunt.  Pergunt  inde  Collatiam;  Lucretiam,  Collatini 
uxorem,  inter  ancillas  lanae  deditam  inveniunt.     Ea  ergo 

20  ceteris  praestare  iudicatur.  Paucis  interiectis  diebus 
Sextus  Collatiam  rediit  et  Lucretiae  vim  attulit.  Ilia 
postero  die  advocatis  patre  et  coniuge  rem  exposuit  et  se 
cultro,  quern  sub  veste  abditum  habebat,  occidit.  Con- 
clamant   vir   paterque  et   in    exitium    regum    coniurant. 

25  Tarquinio  Romam  redeunti  clausae  sunt  urbis  portae  et 
exsilium  indictum. 

In  antiquis  annalibus  memoriae  haec  sunt  prodita. 
Anus  hospita  atque  incognita  ad  Tarquinium  quondam 

4   sciscitatum:  rogdtum.  17  deprehendunt :  inveniunt. 

10  primores :  principes.  21  attulit :  fecit,  intulit. 

11  dimicatione:  certdmine.  24  exitium:   inter itum,^.^, 
15   incidit :  accidit.  1.  25. 


THE   SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  47 

Superbum  regem  adiit,  novem  libros  ferens,  quos  esse 
dicebat  divina  oracula  :  eos  se  velle  venum  dare.  Tar- 
quinius  pretium  percontatus  est :  mulier  nimium  atque 
immensum  poposcit.  Rex,  quasi  anus  aetate  desiperet, 
derisit.  Turn  ilia  foculum  cum  Igni  apponit  et  tres  5 
libros  ex  novem  deurit ;  et,  ecquid  reliquos  sex  eodem 
pretio  emere  vellet,  regem  interrogavit.  Sed  Tarquinius 
id  multo  risit  magis  dlxitque  anum  iam  procul  dubio  deli- 
rare.  Mulier  ibidem  statim  tres  alios  libros  exussit ; 
atque  id  ipsum  denuo  placide  rogat,  ut  tres  reliquos  10 
eodem  illo  pretio  emat.  Tarquinius  ore  iam  serio  atque 
attentiore  animo  fit;  earn  constantiam  confidentiamque 
non  neglegendam  intellegit ;  libros  tres  reliquos  mercatur 
nihilo  minore  pretio  quam  quod  erat  petitum  pro  omnibus. 
Sed  earn  mulierem  tunc  a  Tarquinio  digressam  postea  15 
nusquam  loci  visam  constitit.  Libri  tres  in  sacrario  con- 
diti  Sibyllinique  appellati.  Ad  eos,  quasi  ad  oraculum, 
Quindecim  viri  adeunt,  cum  dii  immortales  publice  con- 
sulendi  sunt. 

3  percontatus :  cf.  p.  46, 1. 4.  10   denuo  :  rtlrsus,  p.  42, 1. 12. 

4  desiperet :  stulta  esset.  1 1   ore :  voltu. 

8  delirare :  insanam  esse.  13  mercatur  :  emit. 


FABLES. 


I.    Haedus  et  Lupus. 

Haedus,  stans  in  tecto  domus,  lupo  praetereunti  male- 
dixit.  Cui  lupus,  "  Non  tu,"  inquit,  "  sed  tectum  mihi 
maledicit." 

Saepe  locus  et  tempus  homines  timidos  audacis  reddit. 

2.    Grus  et  Pavo. 

5       Pavo  coram  grue  pennas  suas  explicans,  "  Quanta  est," 

inquit,  "  formositas  mea  et  tua  deformitas  !  "    At  grus  evo- 

lans,  "  Et  quanta  est,"  inquit,  "  levitas  mea  et  tua  tarditas !  " 

Monet  haec  fabula  ne,  ob  aliquod  bonum  quod  nobis 

natura  tribuit,  alios  contemnamus  quibus  natura  alia  et 

10  fortasse  maiora  dedit. 

3.   Pavo. 

Pavo  graviter  conquerebatur  apud  Iunonem,  dominam 

suam,  quod  vocis  suavitas  sibi  negata  esset,  dum  luscinia, 

avis  tarn  parum  decora,  cantu  excellat.     Cui  Iuno,  "  Et 

merito,"  inquit ;  "  non  enim  omnia  bona  in  unum  conferri 

15  oportuit." 

4.    Capra  et  Lupus. 
Lupus  capram  in  alta  rupe  stantem  conspicatus,  "  Cur 
non,"  inquit,  "  relinquis  nuda  ilia  et  sterilia  loca,  et  hue 

5  c5ram:/rJ.  11  apud  :  coram,  1.  5. 

5  explicans  :  ostentdns.  13  dec5ra :  pulchra. 

6  formositas  :  pulchritudo.  14  conferri :  tribul,  1.  9. 
9  tribuit:  dat.  16  cSnspicatus :  videns. 


FABLES.  49 

descendis  in  herbidos  campos,  qui  tibi  laetum  pabulum 
offerunt  ? "  Cui  respondit  capra,  "  Mihi  non  est  in  animo 
dulcia  tutis  praeponere." 

5.    Canis  et  Boves. 

Canis  iacebat  in  praesaepi  bovesque  latrando  a  pa- 
bulo  arcebat.     Cui   unus  bourn,   "Quanta  ista,"  inquit,    5 
"  invidia   est,  quod   non    pateris  ut   eo  cibo   vescamur 
quern  tu  ipse  capere  nee  velis  nee  possis !  " 

Haec  fabula  invidiae  indolem  declarat. 

6.   Volpes  et  Leo. 

Volpes,  quae  numquam  leonem  viderat,  cum  el  forte 
occurrisset,  ita  est  perterrita  ut  paene  moreretur  formi-  10 
dine.    Eundem  conspicata  iterum,  timuit  quidem,  sed  ne- 
quaquam  ut  antea.      Tertio  ill!  obviam  facta,  ausa  est 
etiam  propius  accedere  eumque  adloqui. 

7.   Cancri. 

Cancer  dicebat  filio,  "  Mi  fill,  ne  sic  obliquis  semper 
gressibus  incede,  sed  recta  via  perge."     Cui  ille,  "Mi  15 
pater,"  respondit,  "libenter  tuis  praeceptis  obsequar,  si 
te  prius  idem  facientem  videro." 

Docet  haec  fabula  adulescentiam  nulla  re  magis  quam 
exemplis  instrui. 

1  laetum :  abunddns.  8  declarat :  expdnit. 

3  tutis  :  salvis.  10  formidine :  timore. 

3  praeponere:  tndlle.  15  perge:  progredere. 

5  arcebat :  prohibebat.  x6  obsequar :  pdrebd. 

8  indolem  :  ndtiiram.  19  instrui :   doceri. 


50  VIA  LATINA. 

8.  Boves. 

In  eodem  prato  pascebantur  tres  boves  in  maxima  Con- 
cordia et  sic  ab  omni  ferarum  incursione  tuti  erant.     Sed 
dissidio  inter  illos  orto,  singuli  a  feris  petiti  et  laniati 
sunt. 
5      Fabula  docet  quantum  boni  sit  in  concordia. 

9.  Asinus. 

Asinus  pelle  leonis  indiitus  territabat  homines  et  bes- 
tias,  tamquam  leo  esset.  Sed  forte,  dum  se  celerius  movet, 
aures  eminebant  ;  unde  agnitus  in  pistrinum  abductus 
est,  ubi  poenas  petulantiae  dedit. 
io  Haec  fabula  stolidos  notat  qui  immeritis  honoribus 
superbiunt. 

10.    Midler  et  Gallina. 

Mulier   quaedam  habebat  gallinam,   quae  ei  cottidie 

ovum  pariebat  aureum.     Hinc  suspicari  coepit  illam  auri 

massam  intus  celare  et  gallinam  occidit.     Sed  nihil  in  ea 

15  repperit  nisi  quod  in  aliis  gallinis  reperiri  solet.     Itaque 

dum  maioribus  divitiis  inhiat,  etiam  minores  perdidit. 

II.    Tubicen. 

Tubicen  ab  hostibus  captus,  "  Ne  me,"  inquit,  "  inter- 

ficite  ;  nam  inermis  sum,  neque  quidquam  habeo  praeter 

hanc  tubam."    At  hostes,  "  Propter  hoc  ipsum,"  inquiunt, 

20  "  te  interimemus,  quod,  cum  ipse  ptignandi  sis  imperitus, 

alios  ad  pugnam  incitare  soles." 

2  incursione:  impetu.  15    nisi :  praeter. 

3  dissidio  :  dissensione.  16   inhiat :   cupit. 

7  tamquam:  'quasi.  20   interimemus  :     interficie- 

9   petulantiae  :  impudentiae.       mus. 


FABLES.  51 

Fabula  docet  non  solum  maleficos  esse  puniendos,  sed 
etiam  eos  qui  alios  ad  male  faciendum  inritent. 

12.   Volpes  et  Uva. 

Volpes  uvam  in  vite  conspicata  ad  illam  subsiliit  om- 
nium virium  suarum  contentione,  si  earn  forte  attingere 
posset.     Tandem  defatigata  inani  labore  discedens  dixit,    5 
"At  nunc  etiam  acerbae  sunt,  nee  eas  in  via  repertas 
tollerem." 

Haec  fabula  docet  multos  ea  contemnere  quae  se  ad- 
sequi  posse  desperent. 

13.   Mores. 

Mures  aliquando  habuerunt  consilium,  quo  modo  a  fele  io 
caverent.  Multis  aliis  propositis,  omnibus  placuit  ut  ei 
tintinnabulum  adnecteretur ;  sic  enim  ipsos  sonitu  ad- 
monitos  earn  fugere  posse.  Sed  cum  iam  inter  muris 
quaereretur,  qui  fell  tintinnabulum  adnecteret,  nemo  re- 
pertus  est.  15 

Fabula  docet  in  suadendo  plurimos  esse  audacis,  sed 
in  ipso  periculo  timidos. 

14.    Lupus  et  Grus. 

In  faucibus  lupi  os  inhaeserat.  Mercede  igitur  con- 
ducit  gruem  qui  illud  extrahat.  Hoc  grus  longitudine 
colli  facile  effecit.  Cum  autem  mercedem  postularet,  20 
subridens  lupus  et  dentibus  infrendens,  "  Num  tibi," 
inquit,  "parva  merces  videtur,  quod  caput  incolume  ex 
lupi  faucibus  extraxisti  ?  " 

2  inritent :  incitent.  10  aliquandS :   Him. 

5   inani :  inutill.  18   mercede  :  pretio. 

8   adsequi :  consequi.  22   incolume:    salvum. 


52  VIA   LA  TINA. 


15.    Agricola  et  Auguis. 


Agricola  anguem  repperit  frigore  paene  exstinctum. 
Misericordia  motus  eum  fovit.sinu  et  subter  alas  recon- 
didit.  Mox  anguis  recreatus  viris  recepit  et  agricolae 
pro  beneficio  letale  volnus  inflixit. 
5  Haec  fabula  docet  qualem  mercedem  mall  pro  bene- 
ficiis  reddere  soleant. 

16.  Asimis  et  Equus. 

Asinus  equum  beatum  praedicabat,  qui  tarn  copiose 
pasceretur,  cum  sibi  post  molestissimos  labores  ne  paleae 
quidem  satis  praeberetur.  Forte  autem  bello  exorto  equus 
io  in  proelium  agitur,  et  circumventus  ab  hostibus,  post  in- 
credibilis  labores  tandem  multis  volneribus  confossus, 
conlabitur.  Haec  omnia  asinus  conspicatus,  "  O  me  stoli- 
dum,"  inquit,  "  qui  beatitudinem  ex  praesentis  temporis 
fortuna  aestimaverim  ! " 

17.  Agricola  et  Filii. 

15  Agricola  senex,  cum  mortem  sibi  appropinquare  sen- 
tiret,  filios  convocavit,  quos,  ut  fieri  solet,  interdum  discor- 
dare  noverat  et  fascem  virgularum  adferri  iubet.  Quibus 
adlatis,  filios  hortatur  ut  hunc  fascem  frangerent.  Quod 
cum  facere  non  possent,  distribuit  singulis  virgas,  iisque 

20  celeriter  fractis,  docuit  illos  quam  firma  res  esset  Concor- 
dia quamque  imbecilla  discordia. 

1  exstinctum:  mortuum.  g  praeberetur:  daretur. 

2  recondidit:  celdvit.  12  conlabitur:  cadit. 

4  letale:  mortiferum.  15   senex:  vetus. 

5  mercedem :  grdtiam.  16  fieri :  accidere. 

7   beatum  :  felicem.  21    imbecilla:  injirma. 


FABLES.  53 

18.    Equus  et  Asinus. 

Asinus  onustus  sarcinis  equum  rogavit  ut  aliqua  parte 
oneris  se  levaret,  si  se  vlvum  videre  vellet.  Sed  ille  asini 
preces  repudiavit.  Paulo  post  igitur  asinus  labore  con- 
sumptus  in  via  corruit  et  efflavit  animam.  Turn  agitator 
omnis  sarcinas  quas  asinus  portaverat  atque  Insuper  5 
etiam  pellem  asino  detractam  in  equum  imposuit.  Ibi 
ille  sero  priorem  superbiam  deplorans,  M  O  me  miserum," 
inquit,  "  qui  parvulum  onus  in  me  recipere  noluerim,  cum 
nunc  cogar  tantas  sarcinas  ferre  una  cum  pelle  comitis 
mei,  cuius  preces  tarn  superbe  contempseram."  10 

19.   MiOier  et  Ancillae. 

Mulier  vidua,  quae  texendo  vitam  sustentabat,  solebat 
ancillas  suas  de  nocte  excitare  ad  opus,  cum  primum  galli 
cantum  audivisset.  At  illae  diuturno  labore  fatigatae 
statuerunt  gallum  interficere.  Quo  facto,  deteriore  con- 
dicione  quam  prius  esse  coeperunt.  Nam  domina  de  hora  15 
noctis  incerta  nunc  famulas  saepe  iam  prima  nocte  exci- 
tabat. 

20.    Senex  et  Mors. 

Senex  in  silva  ligna  ceciderat  iisque  sublatis  domum 
redire  coepit.     Cum  aliquantum  viae  progressus  esset,  et 
onere  et  via  defatigatus  fascem  deposuit  et  secum  aetatis  20 
et  inopiae  mala  contemplatus  mortem  clara  voce  invo- 
cavit,  quae  ipsum  ab  omnibus  his  malis  liberaret.     Turn 

3  repudiavit :  content p sit.  14   statuerunt :  decreverunt. 

4  corruit :  conldbitur.  14   deteridre  :  peiore. 
6  ibi:  turn.  16  famulas:  servas. 

1 1    sustentabat :   sustinebat.  20   aetatis  :  senectutis. 


54  VIA    LA  TINA. 

mors  senis  precibus  audltis  subito  adstitit  et,  quid  vellet, 
percontatur.  At  senex  quern  iam  votorum  suorum  paeni- 
tebat,  "Nihil,"  inquit,  "  sed  requiro,  qui  onus  paululum 
adlevet,  dum  ego  rursus  subeo." 

21.    Corvus  et  Volpcs. 

5  Corvus  alicunde  caseum  rapuerat  et  cum  illo  in  altam 
arborem  subvolarat.  Volpecula  ilium  caseum  appetens 
corvum  blandis  verbis  adoritur ;  cumque  primum  formam 
eius  pennarumque  nitorem  laudasset,  u  Pol,"  inquit,  "  te 
avium  regem  esse  dicerem,  si  cantus  pulchritudini  tuae 
io  responderet."  Turn  ille  laudibus  volpis  inflatus  etiam 
cantu  se  valere  demonstrare  voluit.  Ita  vero  e  rostro  aper- 
to  caseus  delapsus  est,  quern  volpes  adreptum  devoravit. 
Haec  fabula  docet  vitandas  esse  adulatorum  voces,  qui 
blanditiis  suis  nobis  insidiantur. 

22.    Leo. 

15  Societatem  iunxerant  leo,  iuvenca,  capra,  ovis.  Praeda 
autem,  quam  ceperant,  in  quattuor  partis  aequalis  divisa, 
leo,  "  Prima,"  ait,  M  mea  est ;  debetur  enim  haec  prae- 
stantiae  meae.  Tollam  et  secundam,  quam  meretur  robur 
meum.      Tertiam    vindicat   sibi    egregius    labor    meus. 

20  Quartam  qui  sibi  adrogare  voluerit,  is  sciat  se  habiturum 
me  inimicum  sibi."  Quid  facerent  imbecillae  bestiae, 
aut  quae  sibi  leonem  infestum  habere  vellet  ? 

2  percontatur:  interrogat.  8  nitorem:  splenddrem. 

4  adlevet:  tollat.  14  blanditiis:   blandis  verbis. 

5  alicunde :  ab  aliqud  loco.  20  adrogare  :  vindicdre. 

6  appetens  :  cupiens.  21  imbecillae  :  infirmae. 

7  adoritur  :  adloquitur.  22  infestum  :  inimicum. 


FABLES.  55 

23.    Mas  et  Rasticus. 

Mus  a  rustico  in  caricarum  acervo  deprehensus  tarn 
acri  morsu  eius  digitos  volneravit  ut  ille  eum  dimitteret 
dicens,  "  Nihil,  mehercule,  tarn  pusillum  est,  quod  de  salute 
desperare  debeat,  modo  se  defendere  et  vim  depulsare 
velit."  5 

24.    Ranae  et  Iuppiter. 

Ranae  aliquando  regem  sibi  a  love  petivisse  dicuntur. 
Quarum  ille  precibus  exoratus  trabem  ingentem  in  lacum 
deiecit.  Ranae  sonitu  perterritae  primum  refugere,  deinde 
vero  trabem  in  aqua  natantem  conspicatae  magno  cum 
contemptu  in  ea  consederunt  aliumque  sibi  novis  clamo-  io 
ribus  regem  expetiverunt.  Turn  Iuppiter  earum  stultitiam 
puniturus  hydrum  illis  misit,  a  quo  cum  plurimae  captae 
perirent,  sero  eas  stolidarum  precum  paenituit. 

25.    Puer  Mendax. 

Puer  ovis  pascens  crebro  per  lusum  magnis  clamoribus 
opem  rusticorum  imploraverat,  lupos  gregem  suum  aggres-  1 5 
sos  esse  fingens.  Saepe  autem  frustratus  eos  qui  auxilium 
laturi  advenerant,  tandem  lupo  re  vera  inruente,  multis 
cum  lacrimis  vicinos  orare  coepit  ut  sibi  et  gregi  subve- 
nirent.  At  ill!  eum  pariter  ut  antea  ludere  existimantes 
preces  eius  et  lacrimas  neglexerunt,  ita  ut  lupus  libere  in  20 
ovis  grassaretur  plurimasque  earum  dilaniaret. 

3  pusillum  :  parvulum.  14  crebrS :  saepe. 

6  petivisse :  rogdvisse.  16  fingens :  simuldns. 

7  exoratus:  addnctus.  16  frustratus  :  cum  decepisset. 
11  expetiverunt:   valde  peti-  17  inruente:  aggrediente. 

v'erunt.  21    grassaretur:  aggrederetur. 


56  VIA    LA  TINA. 

26.  Rusticus  et  Caiiis  Fidelia. 

Rusticus  in  agros  exiit  ad  opus  suum.  Flliolum,  qui 
in  cunis  iacebat,  reliquit  can!  fideli  atque  valido  custo- 
diendum.  Adrepsit  anguis  immanis,  qui  puerulum  ex- 
stincturus  erat.  Sed  custos  fidelis  corripit  eum  dentibus 
5  acutis,  et,  dum  eum  necare  studet,  cunas  simul  evertit 
super  exstinctum  anguem.  Paulo  post  ex  arvo  rediit 
agricola  ;  cum  cunas  eversas  cruentumque  canis  rictum 
videret,  Ira  accenditur.  Temere  igitur  custodem  filioli 
interfecit  ligone,  quern  manibus  tenebat.  Sed  ubi  cunas 
io  restituit,  super  anguem  occisum  repperit  puerum  vivum 
et  incolumem.     Paenitentia  facinoris  sera  fuit. 

27.   Cancer. 

Mare  cancer  olim  deseruit,  in  litore 
Pascendi  cupidus.     Volpes  hunc  simul  aspicit 
Ieiuna,  simul  accurrit,  et  praedam  capit. 
15  "  Ne,"  dixit  ille,  "  iure  plector,  qui,  salo 

Cum  fuerim  natus,  voluerim  solo  ingredi !  " 

Suus  unicuique  praefinitus  est  locus, 
Quem  praeterire  sine  periclo  non  licet. 

28.    Culex  et  Taurus. 

In  cornu  tauri  parvulus  quondam  culex 
20  Consedit  ;  seque  dixit,  mole  si  sua 

Eum  gravaret,  avolaturum  ilico. 
At  ille,  "  Nee  te  considentem  senseram." 

12  olim  :    aliquandd.  15    plector  :  punior. 

13  cupidus  :    avidus.  15    said :  mart. 

21    ilico :   extempld. 


FABLES.  57 


29.    De  Vitiis  Hominum. 


Peras  imposuit  Iuppiter  nobis  duas  : 
Propriis  repletam  vitiis  post  tergum  dedit, 
Alienis  ante  pectus  suspendit  gravem. 

Hac  re  videre  nostra  mala  non  possumus  ; 
Alii  simul  delinquunt,  censores  sumus. 

2   propriis  :  nostris.  4   hac  re :  unde. 

2   repletam :  plenum.  5   delinquunt :  peccunt. 


GAIUS    IULIUS    CAESAR. 


IOO-44    B.C. 


C.  Iulius  Caesar,  nobilissima  genitus  familia,  annum 
agens  sextum  et  decimum  patrem  amisit.  Corneliam, 
Cinnae  filiam,  duxit  uxorem  ;  cuius  pater  cum  esset  Sullae 
inimlcissimus,  is  Caesarem  voluit  compellere  ut  earn  repu- 
5  diaret ;  neque  id  potuit  efficere.  Qua  re  Caesar  bonis 
spoliatus  cUm  etiam  ad  necem  quaereretur,  mutata  veste 
nocte  urbe  elapsus  est  et  quamquam  tunc  quartanae 
morbo  laborabat,  prope  per  singulas  noctis  latebras  com- 
mutare  cogebatur  ;  et  comprehensus  a  Sullae  liberto,  ne 

10  ad  Sullam  perduceretur,  vix  data  pecunia  evasit.  Po- 
stremo  per  propinquos  et  adfinis  suos  veniam  impetravit. 
Satis  constat,  Sullam,  cum  deprecantibus  amicissimis  et 
ornatissimis  viris  aliquamdiu  denegasset  atque  ill!  pertina- 
citer   contenderent,    expugnatum    tandem     dixisse    eum, 

15  quern  incolumem  tanto  opere  cuperent,  aliquando  optima- 
tium  partibus,  quas  secum  simul  defendissent,  exitio 
futurum  ;  nam  Caesar!  multos  Marios  inesse. 

Mortuo  Sulla  Rhodum  secedere  statuit,  ut  per  otium 
Apollonio    Moloni,    tunc    clarissimo    dicendi    magistro, 

20  operam  daret.  Hue  dum  traicit,  a  praedonibus  captus  est 
mansitque  apud  eos  prope  quadraginta  dies.  Per  omne 
autem  illud  spatium  ita  se  gessit  ut  piratis  pariter  terror! 

4   compellere:  cogere.  9   comprehensus:  deprehensus. 

6   necem:  mortem.  13  denegasset:  reciisdvisset . 

8   laborabat :  adfligebdtur.  14   expugnatum  :  victum. 

15   incolumem :  salvum. 


aNITERSlTY 

CALIFO*! 
GAIUS  I U LI  US  CAESAR\  59 

venerationlque  esset.  Comites  interim  servosque  ad  ex- 
pediendas  pecunias  quibus  redimeretur  dimisit.  Viginti 
talenta  piratae  postulaverant  ;  ille  quinquaginta  daturum 
se  spopondit.  Quibus  numeratis  cum  expositus  esset  in 
litore,  confestim  Miletum,  quae  urbs  proxime  aberat,  pro-  5 
peravit  ibique  contracts  classe,  invectus  in  eum  locum  in 
quo  ipsi  praedones  erant,  partem  classis  fugavit,  partem 
mersit,  aliquot  navis  cepit  piratasque  in  potestatem  re- 
dactos  eo  supplicio,  quod  illis  saepe  minatus  inter  iocum 
erat,  adfecit  cruclque  suffixit.  10 

Caesar  quaestor  factus  in  Hispaniam  profectus  est. 
Quo  profectus  cum  Alpis  transiret  et  ad  conspectum 
pauperis  cuiusdam  vlcl  comites  per  iocum  inter  se  dispu- 
tar"ent,  num  illic  etiam  esset  ambition!  locus,  serio  dixit 
Caesar,  malle  se  ibi  primum  esse,  quam  Romae  secundum.  15 
Dominationis  avidus  a  prima  aetate  regnum  concuplsce- 
bat  semperque  in  ore  habebat  hos  Euripidis,  Graeci  poetae, 
versus  : 

Nam  si  violandum  est  ius,  regnandi  gratia 

Violandum  est,  aliis  rebus  pietatem  colas.  20 

Cumque  Gades,  quod  est  Hispaniae  oppidum,  venisset, 
animadversa  apud  Herculis  templum  magni  Alexandri 
imagine  ingemuit  et  lacrimas  fudit.  Causam  quaerentibus 
amicis,  "  Nonne,"  inquit,  "  idonea  dolendl  causa  est  quod 
nihildum  memorabile  gesserim  in  ea  aetate,  qua  iam  Alex-  25 
ander  orbem  terrarum  subegerat  ?  " 

Aedilis  praeter  Comitium  ac  Forum  etiam  Capitolium 
ornavit  porticibus.      Venationes  autem  ludosque  et  cum 

2   expediendas :     comparan-  5   confestim :  sine  morel, 

das.  16   avidus  :  cupidus. 

4   numeratis  :  soliitls.  20  pietatem :  fas. 


60  VIA   LA  TINA. 

conlega  M.  Bibulo  et  separatim  edidit.  His  autem  rebus 
patrimonium  effudit  tantumque  conflavit  aes  alienum  ut 
ipse  diceret  sibi  opus  esse  miliens  sestertium,  ut  haberet 
nihil. 
5  Consul  deinde  creatus  cum  M.  Bibulo,  societatem  cum 
Gnaeo  Pompeio  et  Marco  Crasso  iunxit  Caesar,  ne  quid 
ageretur  in  re  publica,  quod  displicuisset  ulli  ex  tribus. 
Deinde  legem  tulit  ut  ager  Campanus  plebi  divideretur. 
Cui  legi  cum  senatus  repugnaret,  rem  ad  populum  detulit. 

10  Bibulus  conlega  in  Forum  venit,  ut  legl  obsisteret,  sed 
tanta  in  eum  commota  est  seditio  ut  in  caput  eius  co- 
phinus  stercore  plenus  effunderetur  fascesque  el  frange- 
rentur  atque  adeo  ipse  armis  Foro  expelleretur.  Qua  re 
cum  Bibulus  per  reliquum  anni  tempus  domo  abditus  curia 

15  abstineret,  unus  ex  eo  tempore  Caesar  omnia  in  re  pub- 
lica ad  arbitrium  administrabat,  ut  nonnulli  urbanorum, 
si  quid  testandi  gratia  slgnarent,  per  iocum  non,  ut  mos 
erat,  u  consulibus  Caesare  et  Bibulo  "  actum  scriberent, 
sed  "  Iulio  et  Caesare, "  unum  consulem  nomine  et  cog- 

20  nomine  pro  duobus  appellantes. 

Functus  consulatu  Caesar  Galliam  provinciam  acce- 
pit.  Gessit  autem  novem  annis,  quibus  in  imperio  fuit, 
haec  fere :  Galliam  in  provinciae  formam  redegit  5  Ger- 
manos,  qui  trans  Rhenum  incolunt,  primus  Romanorum 

25  ponte  fabricate  aggressus  maximis  adfecit  cladibus. 
Aggressus  est  Britannos,  ignotos  antea,  superatisque 
pecunias  et  obsides  imperavit.  Hie  cum  multa  Roma- 
norum militum  insignia narrantur,  turn  illud  egregium  ipsius 

1  edidit:  exhibuit.  11   sediti5 :  tumultus. 

2  conflavit:  contrdxit.  15   unus:  solus. 

9  repugnaret:  resisteret.  16  arbitrium:  voluntatem. 

9   detulit :  rettulit.  16  urbanorum  :  facetorum. 


GAIUS  IULIUS   CAESAR.  61 

Caesaris,  quod  nutante  in  fugam  exercitu,  rapto  fugientis 
e  manu  scuto,  in  primam  volitans  aciem  proelium  resti- 
tuit.  Idem  alio  proelio  legionis  aquiliferum  ineundae 
fugae  causa  iam  conversum  faucibus  comprehensum 
in  contrariam  partem  detraxit  dextramque  ad  hostem  5 
tendens,  "  Quorsum  tu,"  inquit,  "  abis  ?  Illic  sunt,  cum 
quibus  dimicamus."  Qua  adhortatione  omnium  legio- 
num  trepidationem  correxit  vincique  paratas  vincere 
docuit. 

Interfecto   interea  apud  Parthos    Crasso  et   defuncta  10 
Iulia,    Caesaris  filia,  quae,  nupta  Pompeio,  generi  soce- 
rique  concordiam  tenebat,  statim  aemulatio  erupit.     Iam 
pridem    Pompeio   suspectae    Caesaris   opes    et   Caesari 
Pompeiana  dignitas  gravis,  nee  hie  ferebat  parem,  nee 
ille  superiorem.     Itaque  cum  Caesar  in  Gallia  detineretur,  15 
et,  ne  imperfecto   bello  discederet,    postulasset   ut   sibi 
liceret   quamvis    absent!   alterum    consulatum    petere,  a 
senatu  suadentibus  Pompeio  eiusque  amlcis  negatum  el 
est.      Hanc  iniuriam  acceptam  vindicaturus  in    Italiam 
rediit  et  bellandum  ratus  cum  exercitu  Rubiconem  flumen,  20 
qui  provinciae  eius  finis  erat,  transiit.     Hoc  ad  flumen 
paulum  constitisse  fertur  ac  reputans,  quantum  moliretur, 
conversus  ad  proximos,  "  Etiam  nunc,"  inquit,  u  regredi 
possumus  ;  quod  si  ponticulum  transierimus,  omnia  armis 
agenda   erunt."     Postremo    autem,    "  Iacta   alea  esto !  "  25 
exclamans,    exercitum    traici    iussit   plurimisque  urbibus 
occupatis   Brundisium   contendit,  quo    Pompeius  consu- 
lesque  confugerant. 

1  nutante  :  cedente.  20  ratus  :  existimdns. 

3  ineundae  :  incipiendae.  22  moliretur  :  susciperet. 

6  quorsum :  quo.  2.6  traici :  trddiicl. 

10  defuncta  :  mortud.  27  contendit :  properdvit 


62  VIA    LA  TINA. 

Qui  cum  inde  in  Epirum  traiecissent,  Caesar  eos 
secutus  a  Brundisio  Dyrrhachium  inter  oppositas  classis 
gravissima  hieme  transmisit;  copiisque  quas  subsequi 
iusserat  diutius  cessantibus  cum  ad  eas  arcessendas  fru- 
5  stra  mlsisset,  mirae  audaciae  facinus  edidit.  Morae  enim 
impatiens  castris  noctu  egreditur,  clam  naviculam  con- 
scendit,  obvoluto  capite,  ne  agnosceretur,  et  quamquam 
mare  saeva,  tempestate  intumescebat,  in  altum  tamen  pro- 
tinus    dlrigi   navigium    iubet  et  gubernatore   trepidante, 

10  "Quid  times?  "  inquit,  "  Caesarem  vehis  !  "  neque  prius 
gubernatorem  cedere  adversae  tempestati  passus  est, 
quam  paene  obrutus  esset  fluctibus. 

Deinde  Caesar  in  Epirum  profectus    Pompeium   Phar- 
salico  proelio  fudit,  et  fugientem  persecutus,  ut  occisum 

15  cognovit,  Ptolemaeo  regi,  Pompei  interfectori,  a  quo  sibi 
quoque  Insidias  tend!  videret,  bellum  intulit  ;  quo  victo 
in  Pontum  transiit  Pharnacemque,  Mithridatis  f ilium,  re- 
bellantem  et  multiplici  successu  praeferocem  intra  quin- 
tum  ab  adventu   diem,  quattuor    quibus  in  conspectum 

20  venit  horis  una  profligavit  acie,  more  fulminis,  quod  uno 
eodemque  momento  venit,  percussit,  abscessit.  Nee  vana 
de  se  praedicatio  est  Caesaris,  ante  victum  hostem  esse 
quam  visum.  Pontico  postea  triumpho  trium  verborum 
praetulit  titulum  :   "  Veni,  vidi,  vici."     Deinde  Scipionem 

25  et  Iubam,  Numidiae  regem,  reliquias  Pompeianarum  par- 
tium  in  Africa  refoventis,  devicit  et  omnium  victor,  re- 
gressus  in  urbem  omnibus  qui  contra  se  arma  tulerant 
ignovit  et  quinquiens  triumphavit. 

1  traiecissent :    transiissent.  8  altum  :  mare. 

3  hieme  :  tempestate.  20  prdfligavit :  superdvit. 

5  edidit :  fecit.  24  titulum  :  inscriptionem. 

7  Obvoluto  :  adoperto.  26  refoventis  :  renovantis. 


GAIUS  JULIUS   CAESAR.  63 

Bellis  civilibus  confectis,  conversus  iam  ad  ordinan- 
dum  rei  publicae  statum,  fastos  correxit  annumque  ad 
cursum  solis  accommodavit,  ut  trecentorum  sexaginta 
quinque  dierum  esset  et  intercalario  mense  sublato  unus 
dies  quarto  quoque  anno  intercalaretur.  Ius  laboriosis-  5 
sime  ac  severissime  dixit.  Repetundarum  convictos  etiam 
ordine  senatorio  movit.  Peregrinarum  mercium  portoria 
instituit ;  legem-  praecipue  sumptuariam  exercuit.  De 
ornanda  instruendaque  urbe,  item  de  tuendo  amplian- 
doque  imperio  plura  ac  maiora  in  dies  destinabat ;  impri-  10 
mis  ius  civile  ad  certum  modum  redigere  atque  ex 
immensa  legum  copia  optima  quaeque  et  necessaria  in 
paucissimos  conferre  libros  ;  bibliothecas  Graecas  et  Lati- 
nas,  quas  maximas  posset,  publicare,  siccare  Pomptinas 
paludes  ;  viam  munire  a  Mari  Supero  per  Appennini  15 
dorsum  ad  Tiberim  usque  ;  Dacos  qui  se  in  Pontum  effu- 
derant,  coercere  ;  mox  Parthis  bellum  inferre  per  Arme- 
nian!. 

Haec  et  alia  agentem  et  meditantem  mors  praevenit. 
Dictator  enim  in  perpetuum  creatus  agere  insolentius  20 
coepit ;  senatum  ad  se  venientem  sedens  excepit  et 
quendam  ut  adsurgeret  monentem  irato  voltu  respexit. 
Cum  Antonius,  Caesaris  in  omnibus  bellis  comes  et  tunc 
consulates  conlega,  capiti  eius  in  sella  aurea  sedentis 
pro  rostris  diadema,  insigne  regium,  imposuisset,  id  ita  25 
ab  eo  est  repulsum  ut  non  offensus  videretur.  Qua  re 
coniuratum  in  eum  est  a  sexaginta  amplius  viris,  Cassio 
et  Bruto  ducibus,  decretumque  eum  Tdibus  Martiis  in 
senatu  confodere. 

1    cdnf ectis  :  finitis.  g   tuendo :  defendendo. 

7  movit:  sustulit,  p. 42, 1.  n.         15   munire  \  facer e.    . 

8  exercuit :  exsecutus  est.  28  decretum :  constitutum. 


64  VIA    LA  TINA. 

Plurima  indicia  futuri  periculi  obtulerant  dii  immor- 
tales.  Uxor  Calpurnia,  territa  nocturno  visu,  ut  Idibus 
Martiis  domi  subsisteret  orabat,  et  Spurinna  haruspex 
praedlxerat  ut  proximos  dies  triginta  quasi  fatalis  ca- 
5  veret,  quorum  ultimus  erat  Idus  Martiae.  Hoc  igitur 
die  Caesar  Spurinnae,  "  Ecquid  scis,"  inquit,  "Idus 
Martias  iam  venisse  ?  "  et  is,  "  Ecquid  scis,  illas  nondum 
praeterisse  ? "  Atque  cum  Caesar  eo  die  in  senatum 
venisset,    adsidentem    coniurati    specie   offici   circumste- 

10  terunt  Ilicoque  unus,  quasi  aliquid  rogaturus,  propius  ac- 
cessit  renuentique  ab  utroque  umero  togam  apprehendit. 
Deinde  clamantem,  M  Ista  quidem  vis  est,"  Casca,  unus 
e  coniuratis,  adversum  volnerat  paulum  infra  iugulum. 
Caesar  Cascae  brachium  adreptum  graphio  traiecit  cona- 

15  tusque  prosilire  alio  volnere  tardatus  est.  Dein  ut  ani- 
madvertit  undique  se  strictis  pugionibus  peti,  toga  caput 
obvolvit  et  ita  tribus  et  viginti  plagis  confossus  est.  Cum 
Marcum  Brutum,  quern  fili  loco  habebat,  in  se  inruentem 
vidisset,  dixisse  fertur:  "Tu  quoque,  mi  fili !  " 

20  Fuisse  traditur  excelsa  statura,  ore  paulo  pleniore, 
nigris  vegetisque  oculis,  capite  calvo ;  quam  calviti  de- 
formitatem,  quod  saepe  obtrectatorum  iocis  obnoxia  erat, 
aegre  ferebat.  Ideo  ex  omnibus  decretis  sibi  a  senatu 
populoque  honoribus  non  alium  aut  recepit  aut  usiirpavit 

25  libentius  quam  ius  laureae  perpetuo  gestandae.  Vini 
parcissimum  eum  fuisse  ne  inimici  quidem  negaverunt. 
Verbum  Catonis  est,  iinum  ex  omnibus  Caesarem  ad 
evertendam  rem  publicam  sobrium  accessisse.     Armorum 

3  subsisteret :  remaneret.  20   excelsa  :  altd. 

10  llico :  repente.  21    vegetis  :  vwidis. 

11  renuenti :  recusanti.  22  obtrectatorum:     detractd- 
14  traiecit:  cdnfodit.  rum. 

17  obvolvit :  texit.  25   perpetuo  :  semper. 


GAIUS  JULIUS   CAESAR.  65 

et  equitandi  peritissimus,  laboris  ultra  fidem  patiens  ;  in 
agmine  nonnumquam  equo,  saepius  pedibus  anteibat, 
capite  detecto,  seu  sol,  seu  imber  erat.  Longissimas  vias 
incredibili  celeritate  conficiebat,  ut  persaepe  nuntios  de 
se  praeveniret  ;  neque  eum  morabantur  flumina,  quae  vel 
nando  vel  innixus  Inflatis  utribus  traiciebat. 

3   detects  :  nudo.  6  traiciebat :  tr&nsibat. 


ALCIBIADES. 

45o(?)-4Q4  B.C. 

Alcibiades,  Cliniae  filius,  Atheniensis.  In  hoc  quid 
natura  efficere  possit  videtur  experta.  Constat  enim  inter 
omnis  qui  de  eo  memoriae  prodiderunt,  nihil  illo  fuisse 
excellentius   vel    in    vitiis   vel   in  virtutibus.      Natus  in 

5  amplissima  civitate  summo  genere,  omnium  aetatis  suae 
multo  formosissimus,  ad  omnis  res  aptus  consilique 
plenus,  namque  imperator  fuit  summus  et  marl  et  terra, 
disertus  ut  in  primis  dicendo  valeret,  quod  tanta  erat 
commendatio  oris  atque  oration  is  ut  nemo  ei  posset  resis- 

io.tere;  dives;  cum  tempus  posceret,  laboriosus,  patiens ; 
liberalis,  splendidus  non  minus  in  vita  quam  victu  ;  adfa- 
bilis,  blandus,  temporibus  callidissime  serviens :  idem, 
simul  ac  se  remiserat  neque  causa  suberat  qua  re  animi 
laborem  perferret,  luxuriosus,  dissolutus,  libidinosus,  in- 

15  temperans,  reperiebatur,  ut  omnes  admirarentur  in  uno 
homine  tantam  esse  dissimilitudinem  tamque  diversam 
naturam. 

Educatus  est  in  domo  Pericli  (privignus  enim  eius 
fuisse  dicitur),  eruditus  a  Socrate.     Socerum  habuit  Hip- 

20  ponicum,  omnium  Graeca  lingua  loquentium  ditissimum, 
ut,  si  ipse  fingere  vellet,  neque  plura  bona  comminisci 

2  constat  inter  omnis :  om-  6  fdrmosissimus  :  pulcherri- 
nes  consentiunt.  tnus. 

3  memoriae      prodiderunt :  8  disertus :  eloquens. 
scripserunt.  9   oris  :  vocis. 

4  excellentius:  cldrius,  ma-  13  se  remiserat:  si  relaxd- 
gis  igregium.  verat. 

5  amplissima :      splendidis-  21   comminisci :  excdgitdre. 
simd,  p.  75,1.  7. 


ALCIBIADES.  67 

neque  maiora  posset  consequi  quam  vel  natura  vel  for- 
tuna  tribueret. 

Bello    Peloponnesio  huius  consilio    atque    auctoritate 
Athenienses   bellum    Syracusanis    indixerunt;    ad    quod 
gerendum  ipse  dux  delectus  est,  duo  praeterea  conlegae    5 
dati,   Nicias   et    Lamachus.     Id  cum  appararetur,  prius 
quam  classis  exiret,  accidit  ut  una  nocte  omnes  hermae 
qui  in  oppido  erant  Athenis  deicerentur  praeter  unum, 
qui  ante  ianuam  erat  Andocidi.     Itaque  ille  postea  Mer- 
curius  Andocidi  vocitatus  est.     Hoc  cum  appareret  non  10 
sine  magna  multorum  consensione  esse  factum,  quae  non 
ad  privatam,  sed  ad  publicam  rem  pertineret,  magnus  mul- 
titudini  timor  est  iniectus,  ne  qua  repentina  vis  in  civi- 
tate  exsisteret,  quae  libertatem  opprimeret  populi.      Hoc 
maxime   convenire    in    Alcibiadem    videbatur,    quod   et  15 
potentior  et  maior  quam  privatus  existimabatur :  multos 
enim  liberalitate  devinxerat,  pluris    etiam  opera  forensi 
suos  reddiderat.     Qua  re  fiebat  ut  omnium  oculos,  quo- 
tienscumque   in   publicum  prodisset,  ad   se    converteret 
neque  ei  par  quisquam  in  civitate  poneretur.     Itaque  non  20 
solum  spem  in  eo  habebant  maximam,  sed  etiam  timorem, 
quod  et  obesse  plurimum  et  prodesse  poterat.     Asperge- 
batur  etiam  infamia,  quod  in  domo  sua  facere  mysteria 
dicebatur,  quod  nefas  erat  more  Atheniensium,  idque  non 
ad  religionem  sed  ad  coniurationem  pertinere  existima-  25 
batur. 

Hoc  crimine  in  contione  ab   inimicis    compellabatur. 
Sed   instabat  tempus  ad  bellum  proficiscendi.      Id   ille 

10  vocitatus :  nomindtus.  20  poneretur  :  existimdretur. 

10  appareret :  viderctur.  22  obesse  :  nocere. 

14  exsisteret :  oreretur.  27  compellabatur  :  acciisdbdtur. 

15  convenire  :  congruere.  28  instabat :  aderat. 


68  VIA    LA  TINA. 

intuens  neque  ignorans  clvium  suorum  consuetudinem 
postulabat,  si  quid  de  se  agl  vellent,  potius  de  praesente 
quaestio  haberetur  quam  absens  invidiae  crimine  accusa- 
retur.  Inimlcl  vero  eius  quiescendum  in  praesenti,  quia 
5  noceri  el  non  posse  intellegebant,  et  illud  tempus  exspec- 
tandum  decreverunt  quo  exisset,  ut  absentem  aggrederen- 
tur,  itaque  fecerunt.  Nam  postquam  in  Siciliam  eum 
pervenisse  crediderunt,  absentem  quod  sacra  violasset, 
reum  fecerunt.     Qua  de  re  cum  el  nuntius  a  magistratu 

10  in  Siciliam  missus  esset,  ut  domum  ad  causam  dicendam 
rediret,  essetque  in  magna  spe  provinciae  bene  admini- 
strandae,  non  parere  noluit  et  in  triremem  quae  ad 
eum  erat  deportandum  missa  ascendit.  Hac  Thurios  in 
Italiam  pervectus,  multa  secum  reputans  de  immoderata 

15  clvium  suorum  licentia  crudelitateque  erga  nobilis,  utilis- 
simum  ratus  impendentem  evitare  tempestatem,  clam 
se  ab  custodibus  subduxit  et  inde  primum  Elidem,  dein 
Thebas  venit.  Postquam  autem  se  capitis  damnatum 
bonis  publicatis  audivit,  et  (id  quod  usu  venerat)  Eumol- 

20  pidas  sacerdotes  a  populo  coactos  ut  se  devoverent, 
eiusque  devotionis  quo  testatior  esset  memoria,  exemplum 
in  pila  lapidea  incisum  esse  positum  in  publico,  Lacedae- 
monem  demigravit.  Ibi,  ut  ipse  praedicare  consuerat, 
non  adversus  patriam  sed  inimicos  suos  bellum  gessit, 

25  quod  iidem  hostes  essent  civitati:  nam  cum  intellegerent 
se  pliirimum  prodesse  posse  rei  publicae,  ex  ea  eiecisse 
plusque   irae    suae    quam    utilitati    communi    paruisse. 

1  intuens  :  cogitans.  16   ratus  :  existimdns. 

2  agi :  fieri.  17   dein  :  deinde,  turn. 

9  reum  fecerunt :    accusdve-  19  usu  venerat :  decider  at. 

runt.  23    praedicare:  confirmdre. 

11  provinciae:  officl.  27  paruisse:  serviisse,  p.  66, 

14  reputans:  cogitans.  1.  12. 


ALCIBIADES.  69 

Itaque  huius  consilio  Lacedaemonii  cum  Perse  rege 
amicitiam  fecerunt,  dein  Deceleam  in  Attica  munierunt 
praesidioque  ibi  perpetuo  posito  in  obsidione  Athenas 
tenuerunt.  Eiusdem  opera  Ioniam  a  societate  averte- 
runt  Atheniensium.  Quo  facto  multo  superiores  bello  5 
esse  coeperunt. 

Neque  vero  his  rebus  tarn  amici  Alcibiadi  sunt  fact! 
quam  timore  ab  eo  alienati.  Nam  cum  acerrimi  viri 
praestantem  prudentiam  in  omnibus  rebus  cognoscerent, 
pertimuerunt,  ne  caritate  patriae  ductus  aliquando  ab  10 
ipsis  descisceret  et  cum  suis  in  gratiam  rediret.  Itaque 
tempus  eius  interficiendi  quaerere  instituerunt.  Id  Alci- 
biades  diutius  celari  non  potuit  ;  erat  enim  ea  sagacitate 
ut  decipi  non  posset,  praesertim  cum  animum  attendisset 
ad  cavendum.  Itaque  ad  Tissaphernem,  praefectum  15 
regis  Darei,  se  contulit.  Cuius  cum  in  intimam  amici- 
tiam pervenisset  et  Atheniensium  male  gestis  in  Sicilia 
rebus  opes  senescere,  contra  Lacedaemoniorum  crescere 
videret,  initio  cum  Pisandro  praetore,  qui  apud  Samum 
exercitum  habebat,  per  intern untios  conloquitur  et  de  re-  20 
ditu  suo  facit  mentionem.  Erat  enim  eodem  quo  Alcibi- 
ades  sensu,  populi  potentiae  non  amicus  et  optimatium 
fautor.  Ab  hoc  destitutus  primum  per  Thrasybulum, 
Lyci  filium,  ab  exercitu  recipitur  praetorque  fit  apud 
Samum  ;  post  suffragante  Theramene  populi  scito  restitui-  25 
tur  parique  absens  imperio  praeficitur  simul  cum  Thrasy- 
bulo  et  Theramene.     Horum  in  imperio  tanta  commutatio 

3  perpetuo:  continud.  18  senescere:  deficere. 

9   praestantem :  excellentem,  22   sensu  :  mente. 

66,4-  22  optimatium:  ndbilium,^. 

10  caritate  :  amore.  68,  1.  1 5. 

11  descisceret :  desereret.  25   suffragante :  favente. 

26  simul  cum :  una  cum. 


70  VIA   LA  TINA. 

rerum  facta  est  ut  Lacedaemonii,  qui  paulo  ante  victores 
viguerant,  perterriti  pacem  peterent.  Victi  enim  erant 
quinque  proeliis  terrestribus,  tribus  navalibus,  in  quibus 
ducentas  navis  triremis  amiserant,  quae  captae  in  hos- 
5  tium  ven erant  potestatem.  Alcibiades  simul  cum  conlegis 
receperat  Ioniam,  Hellespontum,  multas  praeterea  urbis 
Graecas,  quae  in  ora  sitae  sunt  Thraciae,  quarum  expug- 
narant  complurls,  in  his  Byzantium,  neque  minus  multas 
consilio  ad  amicitiam  adiunxerant,  quod  in  captos  clemen- 

10  tia  fuerant  usi.  Ita  praeda  onusti  locupletato  exercitu 
maximis  rebus  gestis  Athenas  venerunt. 

His  cum  obviam  universa  civitas  in  Piraeum  descendis- 
set,  tanta  fuit  omnium  exspectatio  visendi  Alcibiadis  ut 
ad  eius  triremem  volgus  conflueret  proinde  ac  si  solus  ad- 

J5  venisset.  Sic  enim  populo  erat  persuasum  et  adversas 
superiores  et  praesentis  secundas  res  accidisse  eius  opera. 
Itaque  et  Siciliam  amissam  et  Lacedaemoniorum  victorias 
culpae  suae  tribuebant,  quod  talem  virum  e  civitate  ex- 
pulissent.      Neque    id   sine   causa   arbitrari   videbantur. 

20  Nam  postquam  exercitu!  praeesse  coeperat,  neque  terra 
neque  marl  hostes  pares  esse  potuerant.  Hie  ut  e  navi 
egressus  est,  quamquam  Theramenes  et  Thrasybulus 
iisdem  rebus  praefuerant  simulque  venerant  in  Piraeum, 
tamen  unum  omnes  ilium  prosequebantur,  et   (id  quod 

25  numquam  antea  usu  venerat  nisi  Olympiae  victoribus), 
coronis  laurels  taeniisque  volgo  donabatur.  Ille  lacri- 
mans  talem  benevolentiam  civium  suorum  accipiebat, 
reminiscens  pristini  temporis  acerbitatem.      Postquam  in 

2  viguerant :  floruerant.  14  volgus  :  multitudo. 

7  sitae  :  positae.  20  praeesse  :  imperdre. 

9  in:  ergd,  p.  68, 1.  15.  24  unum:  solum. 

13  visendi  :  videndi.  28  pristini :  super ioris. 


ALCIBIADES.  71 

astu  venit,  condone  advocata  sic  verba  fecit  ut  nemo  tarn 
ferus  fuerit  quin  eius  casui  inlacrimarit  inimicumque  iis 
se  ostenderit  quorum  opera  patria  pulsus  fuerat,  proinde 
ac  si  alius  populus,  non  ille  ipse  qui  turn  flebat,  eum  sac- 
rilegi  damnasset.  Restituta  ergo  huic  sunt  publice  bona,  5 
iidemque  ill!  Eumolpidae  sacerdotes  rursus  resacrare  sunt 
coacti  qui  eum  devoverant,  pilaeque  illae  in  quibus  de- 
votio  fuerat  scripta  in  mare  praecipitatae. 

Haec  Alcibiadi  laetitia  non  nimis  fuit  diuturna.     Nam 
cum  ei  omnes  essent  honores  decreti  totaque  res  publica  10 
domi  bellique  tradita,  ut  unius  arbitrio  gereretur,  et  ipse 
postulasset  ut  duo  sibi  conlegae  darentur,  Thrasybulus  et 
Adimantus,  neque  id  negatum  esset,  classe  in  Asiam  pro- 
fectus,  quod  apud  Cymen  minus  ex  sententia  rem  gesserat, 
in  invidiam  recidit.     Nihil  enim  eum  non  efficere  posse  15 
ducebant.     Ex  quo  fiebat  ut  omnia  minus  prospere  gesta 
culpae  tribuerent,  cum  aut  eum  neglegenter  aut  malitiose 
fecisse  loquerentur  ;    sicut  turn  accidit :  nam  corruptum 
a  rege  capere  Cymen  noluisse  arguebant.     Itaque  huic, 
maxime  putamus  malo  fuisse  nimiam  opinionem  ingeni  20 
atque  virtutis  :   timebatur  enim  non  minus  quam  dilige- 
batur,  ne  secunda  fortuna.  magnisque  opibus  elatus  tyran- 
nidem  concupisceret.     Quibus  rebus  factum  est  ut  absenti 
magistratum  abrogarent  et  alium  in  eius  locum    substi- 
tuerent.     Id  ille  ut  audivit,  domum  reverti  noluit  et  se  25 
Pactyen  contulit  ibique  tria  castella  communiit,   Ornos, 
Bizanthen,  Neontichos,  manuque  conlecta  primus  Graecae 
civitatis  in  Thraciam   introiit,  gloriosius  existimans  bar- 

1  astu  :  urbem.  16   ducebant :  existimcibant. 

2  ferus  :  crudelis.  17   malitiose :  dolose. 

5  publice  :  popull  iussu.  19  arguebant :  accusdbant. 

6  resacrare:  devdtione  solvere.  21    diligebatur  :  amdbdtur. 
15    invidiam  :  odium.  23   concupisceret :  peteret. 


72  VIA   LA  TINA. 

barorum  praeda.  locupletari  quam  Graiorum.  Qua  ex  re 
creverat  cum  fama  turn  opibus  magnamque  amicitiam  sibi 
cum  quibusdam  regibus  Thraciae  pepererat. 

Neque  tamen  a  caritate  patriae  potuit  recedere.  Nam 
5  cum  apud  Aegos  flumen  Philocles,  praetor  Atheniensium, 
classem  constituisset  suam  neque  longe  abesset  Lysan- 
der,  praetor  Lacedaemoniorum,  qui  in  eo  erat  occupatus 
ut  bellum  quam  diutissime  duceret,  quod  ipsis  pecunia 
a  rege   suppeditabatur,  contra  Atheniensibus    exhaustis 

10  praeter  arma  et  navis  nihil  erat  super,  Alcibiades  ad  ex- 
ercitum  venit  Atheniensium  ibique  praesente  volgo  agere 
coepit  :  si  vellent,  se  coacturum  Lysandrum  dimicare  aut 
pacem  petere  spopondit ;  Lacedaemonios  eo  nolle  classe 
confligere,  quod  pedestribus    copils   plus  quam  navibus 

15  valerent;  sibi  autem  esse  facile  Seuthem,  regem  Thra- 
cum,  adducere  ut  eum  terra  depelleret;  quo  facto  neces- 
sario  aut  classe  conflicturum  aut  bellum  compositurum. 
Id  etsi  vere  dictum  Philocles  animadvertebat,  tamen 
postulata  facere  noluit,  quod  sentiebat  se  Alcibiade  re- 

20  cepto  nullius  momentl  apud  exercitum  futurum  et,  si  quid 
secundi  evenisset,  nullam  in  ea  re  suam  partem  fore,  con- 
tra ea,  si  quid  adversi  accidisset,  se  unum  eius  delicti 
futurum  reum.  Ab  hoc  discedens  Alcibiades,  "  Quoniam," 
inquit,  "victoriae  patriae  repugnas,  illud  moneo,  ne  iuxta 

25  hostem  castra  habeas  nautica  ;  periculum  est  enim,  ne 
immodestia  militum  vestrorum  occasio  detur  Lysandro 
vestri  opprimendi  exercitus."     Neque  ea  res  ilium  fefellit. 

3  pepererat:  consecutus erat.  18   animadvertebat:     intelle- 

9  suppeditabatur :   praebebd-  gebat. 

tur.  20  momenti :  auctorit&tis. 

10  erat  super:    erat  relutum.  24   iuxta  \  prope. 

11  volgo:  militibus.  26   immodestia :  licentid. 


ALCIBIADES.  73 

Nam  Lysander,  cum  per  speculatores  comperisset  volgum 
Atheniensium  in  terram  praedatum  exisse  navisque  paene 
inanis  relictas,  tempus  rei  gerendae  non  dimisit  eoque 
impetu  bellum  totum  delevit. 

At    Alcibiades,   victis    Atheniensibus    non   satis   tuta    5 
eadem  loca  sibi  arbitral!  s,  penitus  in   Thraciam  se  supra 
Propontidem  abdidit,  sperans  ibi  facillime  suam  fortunam 
occuli  posse.     Falso.     Nam  Thraces,  postquam  eum  cum 
magna  pecunia  venisse  senserunt,  insidias  fecerunt  eaque 
quae  apportarat,  abstulerunt,  ipsum  capere  non  potuerunt.  10 
Ille  cernens  nullum  locum  sibi  tutum  in  Graecia  propter 
potentiam  Lacedaemoniorunr  ad  Pharnabazum  in  Asiam 
transiit  :  quern  quidem  adeo  sua  cepit  humanitate  ut  eum 
nemo  in  amicitia  antecederet.     Namque  ei  Grynium  de- 
derat,  in  Phrygia  castrum,  ex  quo  quinquagena  talenta  15 
vectigalis   capiebat.     Qua   fortuna   Alcibiades  non  erat 
contentus  neque    Athenas  victas  Lacedaemoniis  servire 
poterat  pati.     Itaque  ad  patriam  liberandam  omni  fere- 
batur  cogitatione.     Sed  videbat  id  sine  rege  Perse  non 
posse  fieri,  ideoque  eum  amicum  sibi  cupiebat  adiungi  20 
neque  dubitabat  facile  se  consecuturum,  si  modo  eius  con- 
veniundi  habuisset  potestatem.     Nam  Cyrum  fratrem  ei 
bellum  clam  parare  Lacedaemoniis  adiuvantibus  sciebat  : 
id  si  aperuisset,  magnam  se  initurum  gratiam  videbat. 

Hoc  cum  moliretur  peteretque  a  Pharnabazo  ut  ad  re-  25 
gem  mitteretur,  eodem  tempore  Critias  ceterique  tyranni 
Atheniensium  certos  homines  ad    Lysandrum  in  Asiam 

1  comperisset:  cognovisset.  18   pati :  perferre,  p.  66,  1. 14. 

4  delevit :  conf  'ecit,  finivit.  21    consecuturum  :  perfecturum. 

8  occuli:  celdrl,  p.  69,  1.  13.  22   potestatem:  occasionem. 

13  cepit:  ad  se  traxit.  25   moliretur:    appardret,  p.  67, 

13  humanitate:  comitdte.  1.6. 


74  VIA    LA  TINA. 

miserant,  qui  eum  certiorem  facerent,  nisi  Alcibiadem  sus- 
tulisset,  nihil  earum  rerum  fore  ratum  quas  ipse  Athenis 
constituisset :  quare,  si  suas  res  gestas  manere  vellet,  ilium 
persequeretur.      His  Laco  rebus  commotus  statuit  accu- 

5  ratius  sibi  agendum  cum  Pharnabazo.  Huic  ergo  renun- 
tiat  quae  regi  cum  Lacedaemoniis  essent,  nisi  Alcibiadem 
vivum  aut  mortuum  sibi  tradidisset.  Non  tulit  hunc 
satrapes  et  violare  clementiam  quam  regis  opes  minui 
maluit.     Itaque  misit  Susamithren  et  Bagaeum  ad  Alci- 

10  biadem  interficiendum,  cum  ille  esset  in  Phrygia  iterque 
ad  regem  compararet.  Missi  clam  vlcinitati  in  qua  turn 
Alcibiades  erat  dant  negotium  ut  eum  interficiant.  111! 
cum  ferro  aggredi  non  auderent,  noctu  ligna  contulerunt 
circa  casam  in  qua  quiescebat  eamque  succenderunt,  ut 

15  incendio  conficerent  quern  manu  superari  posse  diffide- 
bant.  Ille  autem  ut  sonitu  flammae  est  excitatus,  etsi 
gladius  ei  erat  subductus,  familiaris  sui  subalare  telum 
eripuit.  Namque  erat  cum  eo  quidam  ex  Arcadia  hospes, 
qui  numquam  discedere  voluerat.     Hunc  sequi  se  iubet 

20  et  id  quod  in  praesentia  vestimentorum  fuit  adripit.  His 
in  Ignem  coniectis  flammae  vim  transiit.  Quern  ut  bar- 
bari  incendium  effugisse  viderunt,  tells  eminus  missis 
interfecerunt  caputque  eius  ad  Pharnabazum  rettulerunt. 
At  mulier  quae  cum  eo  vivere  consuerat  muliebri    sua 

25  veste   contectum    aedifici    incendio    mortuum    cremavit, 
quod    ad    vivum    interimendum    erat    comparatum.      Sic 
.   Alcibiades  annos  circiter  quadraginta  natus  diem   obiit 
supremum. 

1  sustulisset:  interfecisset.  15    conficerent:  interficerent. 

2  fore  ratum :  permdnsurum.  26   interimendum:     interfici- 
4   a  ecu  ratius  :  diligentius .             endum. 

14   succenderunt :  incenderunt.  28    supremum  :  ulthnum. 


ALCIBIADES.  75 

Hunc  infamatum  a  plerisque  tres  gravissimi  historic! 
summis  laudibus  extulerunt  :  Thucydides,  qui  eiusdem 
aetatis  fuit,  Theopompus,  post  aliquanto  natus,  et  Ti- 
maeus  :  qui  quidem  duo  maledicentissimi  nescio  quo 
modo  in  illo  uno  laudando  consentiunt.  Namque  ea  quae  5 
supra  scripsimus  de  eo  praedicarunt  atque  hoc  amplius : 
cum  Athenis  splendidissima  civitate  natus  esset,  omnis 
splendore  ac  dignitate  superasse  vitae;  postquam  inde 
expulsus  Thebas  venerit,  adeo  studiis  eorum  inservisse  ut 
nemo  cum  labore  corporisque  viribus  posset  aequiperare  10 
(omnes  enim  Boeotii  magis  firmitatl  corporis  quam  ingeni 
acumini  inserviunt)  ;  eundem  apud  Laced aemonios,  quo- 
rum moribus  summa  virtus  in  patientia  ponebatur,  sic 
duritiae  se  dedisse  ut  parsimonia  victus  atque  cultus 
omnis  Lacedaemonios  vinceret ;  venisse  ad  Persas,  apud  15 
quos  summa  laus  esset  fortiter  venari,  luxuriose  vivere ; 
horum  sic  imitatum  consuetudinem  ut  illi  ipsi  eum  in  his 
maxime  admirarentur.  Quibus  rebus  eflecisse  ut,  apud 
quoscumque  esset,  princeps  poneretur  habereturque  caris- 
simus.  20 

3   aetatis  :  temporis.  12   inserviunt :  se  dant. 

10  aequiperare :  par  esse.  14  victus  :  cibi. 

11  ingeni:  animl.  19   poneretur:    existimdretur. 


NOTES 


The  grammatical  references  are  to  Allen  and  Greenough's  Grammar,  to  Harkness'  (H), 
and  to  the  "  First  Latin  Book  "  by  Collar  and  Daniell  (F). 


THE   ARGONAUTS. 
Pagb 

2     i  Thessalia :  find  Thessaly  on  a  map  of  Greece,  in  the  northern 

part. 

2  appellatus  est :    understood  with  the  first  alter ;   so   often  a 

verb  belonging  to  two  clauses  will  be  found  expressed  in  the 
second  only.     We  usually  express  the  verb  in  the  first  only, 
as  here, 
primum  :  here  an  adverb,  not  an  adjective  with  regnum. 

3  obtinuerat :    this    verb   usually   means  hold,  or  possess.     It  is 

not  the  common  Latin  word  for  obtain. 

6  quidam  ...  ex  amicis  =  quidam  amicorum :  e  or  ex  with  the 

ablative  is  often  used  thus  in  place  of  the  partitive  genitive. 

7  constituerunt :  compare  in  animo  habebat,  1.  5. 

9  cum:  when;  but  the  words  cum  .  .  .  rediissent  can  be  well 
rendered  returning,  instead  of  when  they  had  returned. 

10  cum  .  .  .  audivisset:  hearing  of  this.     See  preceding  note. 

11  speciem  .  .  .  praebuit:  made  a  show  of  grief .    What  literally  ? 

12  esset :  was,  not  might  be.    Observe,  as  you  read,  how  often  the 

subjunctive  must  be  rendered  by  the  indicative. 

13  cum:  though. 

14  nescio  quam  fabulam  :  some  story  or  other. 

15  veritus  :  fearing,  not  having  feared.     290,  b  ;  H.  550,  note  1. 

16  occupatum  :  agrees  with  regnum;  translate  by  a  clause.  F.  353, 

6,  and  c  (2).     Remember  that  the  English  uses  the  perfect 
participle  much  less  than  the  Latin. 

17  DelphSs  :  look  for  it  in  the  central  part  of  northern  Greece. 


78  NOTES:    THE  ARGONAUTS. 

Page 

2  17  qui  c5nsuleret:    translate  by  the   infinitive.     317;    H.  497,  I ; 

F.  432,  1,  and  433. 

18  quam  .  .  .  venisset :  see  esset,  1.  12,  and  note. 

23  conveniendi :  for  assembling.     Do  not  think  that  the  genitive 
must  always  be  translated  of. 

3  2  dum  f acit  .  .  .  amisit :  while  he  was  making  the  journey,  he 

lost     This  is  a  common  construction,  dum   with  a  present 
followed  by  a  perfect  or  other  past  tense.     In  such  cases 
translate  the  present  by  a  past  tense,  as  here, 
alterum :  unum  was  not  used  because  one  of  two  is  meant. 

4  cum:  since. 

5  altero :   it  would  be  a  natural  but  amusing  mistake  to  render 

altero  here  the  other.     See  1.  2  above,  and  note. 
quern :  does  not  refer  to  pede. 
9  obtinebat:  see  obtinuerat,  p.  1, 1.  3,  and  note. 

10  illud  :  that  famous.     102,  b  ;  H.  450,  4;  F.  100,  d. 

11  negotium  .  .  .  potiretur :   to  commission  Jason  to  get.     What 

literally  ? 

12  res  :  the  undertaking. 

14  igitur :  remember  the  common  position  of  this  word  by  seeing 
it  three  times  in  this  paragraph, 
vellet :  see  esset,  p.  2, 1. 12,  and  note. 

19  qui  .  .  .  docerent :  see  qui  consuleret,  p.  2,  1.  17,  and  note. 

20  conveniendi :  see  p.  2, 1.  23,  and  note. 

21  usui :  useful.     What  literally  ? 

22  negdtium  .  .  .  aedificaret:  see  negotium  .  .  .  potiretur,  1.  n, 

and  note. 

4  4  quibus  .  .  .  uti:  249;  H.  421,  I ;  F.  361. 

5  tota  :   agrees  with  navis ;    why  not  with  robore  ?     Translate 

wholly. 
12  qu5s  .  .  .  eos :  whom  he  thought .  .  .  those  he  chose  ;  chose  those 
whom  he  thought. 

14  socios :  as  comrades,  in  apposition  with  eos. 

17  solvit:  supply  navem ;  literally,  loosed  the  ship. 

18  haud  multum  post :  compare  post  breve  tempus,  p.  2, 1.  15. 

5  4  arbitrati :  see  veritus,  p.  2, 1.  1 5,  and  note. 

5  pugnatum  est :  they  fought.     What  literally  ? 

15  iam  deficere  :  was  now  beginning  to  fail. 


NOTES:     THE   ARGONAUTS.  79 

Page 

5  17  forma  praestantissima:  251  ;  H.  419,  II. 

18  dum  quaerit  .  .  .  secesserat :  see  dum  facit  .  .  .  amisit,  p.  3, 

1.  2,  and  note. 
21  negaret  .  .  .  esse  :  refused  to  do  it.     What  literally  ? 
24  dolore  adfecti :  compare  timore  adfectus  est,  p.  3, 1.  6. 

6  4  quis  .  .  .  obtineret :  on  obtineo,  see  note  on  p.  2, 1.  3  ;  and  on 

the  translation  of  the  subjunctive,  p.  2,  1.  12,  and  note. 
7  cuius  .   .  .  genus  :  whose  punishment  was  of  this  sort.     What 

literally  ?     cuius  supplici  may  be  "  of  which  punishment." 
g  specie  horribill :  see  forma  praestantissima,  p.  5, 1. 17,  and  note. 

13  quae   .   .   .   essent :  since  this  was  the  state  of  things.     What 
literally  ? 
haud  .  .  .  moreretur :  it  was  not  much  distant  but  that  Phineus 
should  die  of  hunger ;  in  English,  Phineus  was  near  dying  of 
hunger. 

18  quantam  .  .  .  haberent :  an  indirect  question,  like  esset,  p.  2, 
1.  12  ;  quam  venisset,  p.  2, 1.  18  ;  quid  vellet,  p.  3, 1. 14  ;  quis 
obtineret,  p.  6, 1.  4  ;  quanto  .  .  .  essent,  1.  21. 

23  si  repperissent :  if  they  should  find,  not  should  have  found. 
The  pluperfect  subjunctive  represents  a  future  perfect  of  direct 
discourse.  Such  a  future  perfect  is  commonly  translated  by 
the  present,  and  when  changed  to  a  pluperfect  subjunctive, 
by  the  auxiliary  should  or  would,  instead  of  should  have,  etc. 

7  5  quod  cum  :  translate  cum  first  and  quod  as  the  object  of  sensis- 

sent.     Cf.  quern  cum,  p.  3,  1.  5.     How  is  the  relative  at  the 
beginning  of  a  sentence  usually  translated?  180,/. 

11  ingentl  magnitudine :  see  specie  horribill,  p.  6, 1.  9,  and  note, 
eo  consilio  :  explained  by  the  following  words. 

12  ne  quis:  105,  d;  H.  455,  1. 

15  doctus  est :  the  subject  is  Iason. 

16  navem  solvit :  see  p.  4, 11.  17  and  22. 

8  1  brevi  spatio  :  compare  post  breve  tempus,  p.  2, 1.  15. 

7  negabat  .  .  .  esse:  see  negaret  .  .  .  esse,  p.  5,1.  21,  and  note. 
9  traditurum  :  notice  the  omission  of  esse,  as  often  in  compound 

forms  of  the  infinitive. 
10  perfecisset :  not  should  have  performed.   See  repperissent,  p.  6, 

1.  23,  and  note. 
12  ostendit :  the  subject  is  Aeetes. 


80  NOTES:    THE   ARGONAUTS. 

Pagb 
815  serendi :  what  is  to  be  supplied  ? 

21  eo  ipso  consilio :  with  this  very  purpose.    Compare  ed  consilio, 
p.  7,  1.  11,  and  note. 
quae  .  .  .  essent :  the  same  phrase,  p.  6,  1.  1 3,  where  see  note. 
9     1  quod    .     .     .    aleret:  of  such  a  kind  as  to  nourish.     319,2;  H. 
500,  I ;  F.  432,  3,  b,  and  433.    quod  alebat  would  mean,  which 
nourished. 
13  nihil   .    .    .  valere:  could  not  withstand.     What  literally? 
15  omnibus  aspicientibus  =  in  omnium  cdnspectu. 

10  1  sparsit:  had  scattered ;  the  perfect  tense  is  very  commonly  used 

after  postquam,  ubi,  and  ut  (all  translated  when),  but  most 
often  it  is  to  be  rendered  as  a  pluperfect. 
4  rem  evenisse :  depends  on  c5gnovit. 

ita  .  .  .  ut :  just  as. 
10  cum :  since,  with  vellet. 

20  si    .    .    .    mansisset :  if  she  should  remain.     Compare  si  per- 
fecisset,  p.  8, 1.  10,  and  note. 

11  4  avecturum:  esse  omitted.   Compare  traditurum,  p.  8, 1.  9,  and 

note. 
9  qui    .    .    .    essent:    to  serve.     What  literally?     Compare  qui 
consuleret,  p.  2,  1.   17,  and  note, 
praesidio  navi :  as  a  guard  for  the  ship.     233,  a  ;  H.  390. 
20  dum    .    .    .    dormit :  compare  dum  facit,  p.  3, 1.  2,  and  note. 
So  dum   .    .    .   geruntur,  below,  1.  23. 

12  4  quae    .    .    .   essent:  see  the  same  phrase,  p,  6,  1.  13,  and  note; 

also  p.  8, 1.  21. 
maturandum  sibi :   that  they  ought  to  hasten.     232 ;  H.  388  ; 

F.  465  and  466. 
17  inimico  .  .  .  anim5:  unfriendly  towards  them.  251511.419,11. 
20  hoc  dolSre  :   with  anger  at  this. 

13  1  minimum    .    .    .    caperentur :    it  was  a  very  little  way  off  but 

that  they  should  be  captured ;  in  English,  they  were  within  a 

very  little  of  being  captured.     Compare  note  on  p.  6,  1.  13. 
2  longius    .    .    .    posset :   it  was  not  longer  between  than  whither 

a  javelin  could  be  thrown ;   in  English,  the  interval  was  not 

greater  than  a  javelin-cast. 
4  loc5  :  not  place. 
9  eo  consilid:  compare  p.  7,  1.  11,  and  note. 


NOTES:    ULYSSES.  81 

Page 

13  13  ita  .  .  .  ut:  compare  p.  10,  1.  4,  and  note. 

ubi  primum :  compare,  in  the  same  sense,  simul  atque,  p.  6, 
1.  16. 
17  prius   .   .    .   quam :  until.     When  priusquam  is  thus  divided, 
translate  the  two  parts  with  the  last  verb. 

14  1  obtinebat :  see  p.  2, 1.  3,  and  note. 

4  traditurum :  what  is  to  be  supplied  ?   See  p.  8, 1.  9,  and  note. 
9  liceat   .    .    .    vivam :  let  me,  therefore,  as  long  as  I  live. 
10  discessero:    when   I  shall   have  departed,   would   be   clumsy 
English. 

12  rogasset :  for  rogavisset. 

13  aegre  tulit :  where  has  aegre  ferebat  occurred  ? 

16  aetate   .   .    .   c5nfectum :  where  has  this  phrase  occurred  ? 

17  neque  :  do  not  translate  nor. 

19  his  auditis  =  his  rebus  auditis. 

15  5  vos :  subject  of  facietis,  and  emphasized  by  ipsae  in  the  next 

line. 

13  quibus  :  with  usa  erat.     249;  H.  421,  I;  F.  361. 

14  postquam  .   .   .   expectaverunt:  see  postquam  sparsit,  p.  10, 

1.  1,  and  note. 

23  cum  vidisset,  Iason  constituit :   mark  the  difference  between 

the  Latin  order  and  the  English.  We  say,  when  Jason  saw 
{had  seen),  he  determined ;  the  Latin  puts  the  subject  in  the 
second  clause  and  leaves  it  to  be  understood  with  the  first. 
Compare  doctus  est   .    .    .   Iason  solvit,  p.  7, 1.  15. 

24  e5  consili5,  ut :  find  two  previous  instances. 

16  3  ulturam :  what  is  to  be  supplied  ?     Find  a  similar  instance. 
13  e  vita  excessit :  find  e  vita  discesserd. 

26  delapsa    .     .     .    oppressit :   careened  and  crushed.     F.  353,  7, 


and  c  (3). 


ULYSSES. 


18  1  Trdia  .  .  .  capta :  when  at  last  Troy  was  taken  by  stratagem. 
F.  388,  and  c. 

2  omnibus  .  .  .  paratis  :  when  all  was  ready ;  omnibus  is  neuter. 

4  solverunt :  find  a  sentence  in  which  navem  is  expressed  as  ob- 
ject.    What  is  the  meaning  of  loosed  the  ship  ? 


82  NOTES:    ULYSSES. 

Page 

18  5  prudentiae  :    the  first  meaning  is  foresight.     What  is  the  com- 

position ? 
12  patriae    .    .    .    videndae  :  to  see  his  country  and  his  wife. 

14  progress!  sunt :  i.e.,  Ulysses  and  his  companions. 

15  aliae    .    .    .    partis  :  some  in  one  way  and  some  another.    What 

literally  ? 

18  ancoris  iactis:  see  the  expression  for  the  opposite,  p.  7, 1.  16. 

19  qui   .   .    .   referrent:   a  purpose  clause.     See  qui  consuleret, 

p.  2,  1.  17,  and  note. 

20  et :  connects  referrent  and  cognoscerent. 

qualis  .  .  .  regionis :    what  the  character  of  that  country  was. 
Compare  quae  causa  esset,  p.  2, 1.  12,  and  note. 
22  quibusdam    .    .    .    fact!  :  having  met  certain  of  the  inhabitants. 
What  is  the  case  of  quibusdam  ?     228,  b. 

25  quern :  refers  to  f riictu. 

26  gustassent:  for  gustavissent.     Compare  rogasset,  p.  14, 1.  12, 

and  note. 

19  1  mansuros  :  find  other  examples  of  esse  omitted. 

3  cum    .    .    .    exspectasset :  after  waiting.     Do  not  think  that  a 

temporal  clause  with  cum  must  always  be  translated  in  one 
way.     Find  other  forms  like  exspectasset. 

4  veritus  :  is  this  to  be  translated  having  feared?    See  p.  2, 1.  15, 

and  note. 

5  nonniillos  e  reliquis  =  nonnullos  reliquorum.     Compare  qui- 

busdam ex  incolis,  p.  18, 1.  22. 
12  re  infecta  :  without  accomplishing  their  object. 

16  invitos  :  the  opposite  of  sponte  sua  in  the  preceding  line. 

20  5  dum  mirantur :   is  this  to  be  translated,  while  they  wonder  ? 

Find  other  examples  of  dum  and  the  present  followed  by  the 
perfect  or  imperfect. 
8  humana  specie,  etc.  :  ablative  descriptive  of  monstrum.     251  ; 
H.  419,  II. 

21  4  sibi  .  .  .  praecavendum  esse  :  that  he  ought  to  be  very  guarded. 

What  literally  ?     232  ;  H.  388  ;  F.  465,  3,  and  466. 
12  hac  tam  horribili:  do  not  translate,  this  so  horrible,  which  is 

not  English,  but  so  horrible  a. 
15  arbitrates :    to  be  translated  having  thought?     See  veritus, 

p.  19,  1.  4,  and  note. 


NOTES:    ULYSSES.  83 

Page 

22  15  in  eo  erat  ut :  he  was  on  the  point  of. 

19  nihil  sibi  profuturum  :  that  it  would  be  of  no  use  to  them. 

20  si  interfecisset :  is  this  to  be  rendered,  if  he  should  have  killed? 

Find  other  examples  that  have  been  commented  on. 
24  loc5  :  see  p.  13, 1.  4,  and  note. 

23  4  tertium :  a  third  time. 

n  quam  petiimus  facultatem  =  facultatem  quam  petiimus. 
ne  .  .  .  omittamus  :  let  us  not  lose. 

13  extremum  palum  =  extremam  pali  partem. 

16  quod  necesse  fuit :   necessarily.     Literally,  a  thing  which  was 

necessary.    The  reference  is  to  what  follows.    See  p.  13, 1.  16. 

17  dum  .  .  .  errat :  groping  his  way.     What  literally?     See  p.  20, 

1.  5,  and  note. 

24  7  obstriicta  erat :  the  subject  is  to  be  drawn  from  porta. 
9  ut  .  .  .  venerat :  the  mood  shows  that  ut  means  when. 

12  omnem  spem  .  .  .  poni  :  that  all  hope  of  safety  depended  on  cun- 
ning rather  than  courage. 

18  postquam  imposuit:  is  this  to  be  translated,  when  he  placed? 

See  postquam  sparsit,  p.  10,  1.  1,  and  note. 
24  navi  praesidio  :  see  p.  11, 1.  9,  and  note. 

25  3  in  horas  :  hourly. 

4  id  quod  erat :  as  was  really  true. 

15  etsi  .  .  .  submergerentur  :  although  they  came  near  being 
drowned.  What  literally  ?  Find  this  idiom  in  two  preceding 
passages  and  the  notes  on  them. 

20  hie  :  an  adverb,  here. 

vasto  antro  =  vasto  in  antro. 

26  2  sibi  proficiscendum  :  that  he  must  set  out. 

4  iam  profectiird  :  as  he  was  just  going  to  set  out. 

6  Zephyrum :  what  would  have  been  the  effect  if  Aeolus  had  put 
Zephyrus  in  with  the  other  winds  ?  What  if  Zephyrus  alone 
had  been  put  into  the  sack  ?  What  if  none  had  been  shut  up  ? 

9  omnibus  .  .  .  paratis :  see  p.  18, 1.  2,  and  note. 

14  lassitiidine  confectus:  compare  aetate  c5nfectus,  p.  14, 1.  17. 

For  a  different  meaning  of  confectus,  see  p.  24,  1.  22. 

21  velut  agmine  factd  :  as  if  with  battle  line  formed. 

22  qua  data  porta  =  qua  data  est  porta:    where  the  gate  was 

opened. 


84  NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME. 

Page 

27     i  quo  in  loco  res  esset :    what  the  state  of  affairs  was.     What 
literally  ?  Find  two  previous  instances  of  loco  thus  used. 
g  egrediendum  esse  :  that  they  ought  to  disembark. 
17  alter! :  depends  on  praeesset  to  be  supplied  from  the  next  line. 
19  uter :  why  not  quis  ?     What  is  the  exact  meaning  of  liter  ? 

29  2  si  quid  gravius  ei  accidisset :  if  any  misfortune  should  befall  him 

(Ulysses) ;  literally,  if  anything  heavier.    See  note  on  p.  7, 1. 1 2. 
5  ei  licere  :  that  he  might,  that  is,  Eurylochus. 

7  in  viam  se  dedit :  set  out. 

8  aliquantum  itineris  :  where  before  ? 

14  iam  intrantem  :  as  he  was  in  the  act  of  entering. 

17  vis  :  from  void. 

22  tetigerit :  it  would  be  clumsy  English  to  translate  shall  have 

touched. 
26  tenuem:   with  auram;   such  a  straddle  of  the  adjective  and 

noun  is  extremely  common. 

30  13  quidquam  :  anything  whatever ;  aliquid,  anything.   Quidquam 

is  used  after  a  negative  ;  here  after  neque. 
24  se  .  .  .  factiiram :  take  the  words  in  this  order :  se  facturam 
omnia  quae  ille  imperasset. 
imperasset:    should  command.     Point   out  other  examples  of 
such  contracted  forms. 

31  2  de  rebus  suis  :  about  what  had  happened  to  them. 

7  qui  .  .  .  diceret :  not,  who  said.  What  kind  of  a  relative  clause  ? 

Point  out  other  instances. 
16  ei  persuasum  sit :  he  was  persuaded ;  literally,  it  was  persuaded 
to  him. 

32  3  subeunda  erant :  had  to  be  braved. 

4  quae  :  object  of  perscribere  in  the  next  line. 

5  longum  est :  it  would  be  tedious. 

ROMANI    IMPERI    EXORDIUM. 

33  1  AlbanSrum:   find  on  the  map  Alba  Longa,  a  short  distance 

southeast  of  Rome. 
2  NumitSri  :  what  is  the  effect  of  putting  it  first  ?     Observe  that, 
as  Numitori  is  followed  by  a  clause  enclosed  by  commas,  it 
must  belong  in  construction  with  regnum  reliquit. 


NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  85 

Page 

33  2  natu  maior  :  greater  by  birth  =  the  elder. 

3  pulsd  f  ratre  regnavit :  drove  out  his  brother  and  reigned. 

4  Vestae :   a  goddess  worshiped  in  every  house  as  the  guardian 

of   the   home,   and   also    publicly   as    the    guardian   of   the 
city. 

5  ea  re  cognita  Amulius  :  when  Amulius  learned  of  this. 

6  ipsam  :   herself,  i.e.,  the  mother. 

alved  impositos  abiecit :  he  put  into  a  tub  and  cast.  F.  353,  7, 
and  c  (3). 

7  forte :  as  it  chanced. 

11  ubera     .     .     .     admovit:    applied  her   teats  to   their   mouths. 
matremque  se  gessit :  and  acted  as  a  mother. 

12  cum  :  since ;  in  this  sense  followed  by  the  subjunctive. 

13  re  animadversa  :  noticing  the  circumstance.     Observe  now  how 

the  ablative  absolute  has  been  translated  in  lines  3,  5,  and 
here.     Avoid  rendering  it  literally. 

14  educandos :   agrees  with  eds,  to  be  brought  up. 

15  adulti  deinde  hi:  afterwards,  when  they  had  grown  up. 

16  auxere :  for  the  more  common  form  auxerunt. 

17  a  rapina  pecorum :  from  seizing  their  flocks. 

qua  re  cum  :  when  on  this  account.  Expect  to  find  the  imper- 
fect and  pluperfect  tenses  in  the  subjunctive  in  narration 
after  cum,  but  render  the  subjunctive  as  if  it  were  indicative. 

20  quis  esset :   an  indirect  question.     Often  the  subjunctive  in  an 

indirect  question  must  be  translated  as  if  it  were  indicative. 
eorum :  their,  i.e.,  of  Romulus  and  Remus. 

21  mater :  supply  esset. 

armatis  pastoribus   .    .    .   properavit :   imitate  the  manner  of 

translating  pulso  fratre  regnavit,  1.  3,  and  note. 
Albam :  see  note  on  Albanorum,  1.  1. 
24  Numitoris  agros :   from  this  it  appears  that  Numitor,  after  be- 
ing dethroned,  had  turned  husbandman. 

34  1  Numitori :  do  not  mistake  for  an  ablative. 

supplicium :  mark  the  derivation  and  primary  meaning. 

2  cum   .    .   .   compararet :  when  Numitor  came  to  compare.   The 

looks  of  the  youth  made  Numitor  think  of  Remus,  whom,  we 

are  to  suppose,  he  had  not  seen  since  his  babyhood ;  his  age 

corresponded,  and  he  had  the  manly  bearing  (minime  ser- 


86  NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME. 

Page 

34  vilem  indolem)  that  the  fond  grandfather  imagined  Remus 

would  have. 

4  haud  procul  erat  quin :   he  was  not  far  from  ;  literally,  it  was 

not  far  off  but  that  he. 

5  oris  lineamentis :    in  his  features ;   literally,  in  respect  to  the 

lines  of  his  face. 

6  ea  res  dum :  begin  with  dum. 

7  anxium  tenet :  was  troubling. 

supervenit  .  .  .  liberat  .  .  .  restituit :  the  present  for  increased 
vividness,  just  as  in  English. 

8  interempto  Amulio :  see  note  on  armatis  pastoribus,  p.  33, 1.  21. 

1 1  orta  .  .  .  contentione :   imitate  the  manner  of  translating  ea  re 

cognita,  p.  33,  I.  5,  note. 

12  uter :  why  not  quis  ? 

13  auspicia :  study  the  word  carefully  in  the  vocabulary.     From 

very  early  times  men  sought  to  know  the  will  of  the  gods  by 
observing  the  flight  of  the  larger  lone-flying  birds,  as  the 
eagle,  vulture,  hawk. 

16  cuius  .  .  .  cum :  when  Remus,  ridiculing  its  slender ness.  The 
natural  place  for  cum,  as  for  the  relative,  is  first  in  the 
sentence ;  but  cum  has  to  give  up  the  first  place  to  the  rela- 
tive, when  both  are  used. 

18  sic  deinde  :  supply  pereat ;  so  hereafter  may  he  perish. 

ROMULUS,  ROMANORUM  REX  PRIMUS. 

22  in  proximo :  near  by,  that  is,  between  the  two  summits  of  the 
Capitoline  Hill.  The  foundation  of  Rome  was  on  the  Pala- 
tine Hill.  See  the  relative  positions  of  the  Palatine  and 
Capitoline  on  the  map  of  Rome, 
asylum  :  appositive  to  hunc  (lucum) .  We  have  borrowed  the 
word  but  changed  its  application.  It  meant  a  sacred  place  to 
which  fugitives  from  revenge  or  justice  could  flee,  and  be 
protected  by  the  sanctity  of  the  place.  The  Jews  had  "  cities 
of  refuge."     See  Numbers  xxxv.  13-15. 

24  uxores :    object  of  haberent,  made  emphatic  by  its  position, 
ipse  :  R5mulus.     See  ipsam,  p.  33,  1.  6,  and  note. 

25  qui  .  .  .  peterent :  to  ask  for.    317,  2 ;  H.  497,  I ;  F.  433. 


NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  87 

Page 

34  25  conubium  :  the  right  of  intermarriage  was  made  the  subject  of 

treaty  between  different  tribes. 

35  2  additum  :  what  is  to  be  supplied  ? 

4  aegritudinem  animi :  mortification. 

5  indici  .   .  .  iubet :  orders  notice  of  the  show  to  be  proclaimed. 
spectaculum :  subject  accusative  of  indici. 

6  convenere:  compare  auxere,  p.  33, 1.  16,  and  note. 

studio  .  .  .  urbis :  from  eagerness  to  see  the  new  city  as  well 

(as   the  games). 
videndae  novae  urbis  =  videndi  novam  urbem. 

7  Sabini :  see  on  the  map  of  Italy  where  the  Sabines  dwelt. 

8  eo :  ad  spectaculum. 

9  discurrunt  .  .  .  rapiunt :  on  the  tense,  compare  supervenit  and 

liberat,  p.  34, 1.  7,  and  note. 
13  petitum :  supine  to  express  purpose,  302  and  R ;  H.  546 ;  F.  476. 

huius:  huius  virginis. 
15  SI  .  .  .  perduxisset :  if  she  would  lead,  not  had  led. 
18  quibus  dolose  promissis  :  translate  by  a  clause  denoting  time. 
25  cuius  interitu  :  by  his  fall.     Notice  that  a  relative  word  at  the 

beginning  of  a  sentence  must  commonly  be  translated  by  a 

demonstrative  or  personal  pronoun.     How  did  you  translate 

quibus,  1.  18  ? 
consternati :  translate  as  a  verb  coupled  with  coeperunt  by  et. 

Compare  impositos  abiecit,  p.  33, 1.  6,  and  note. 
28  longe  aliud  .  .  .  aliud,  one  thing  .  .  .  quite  another.    We  put  the 

emphasis  on  the  second  aliud,  the  Romans  on  the  first. 

36  2  crinibus  passis  :  they  had  let  down  their  hair  as  a  sign  of  grief. 

4  conciliarunt  =^=  conciliaverunt. 

5  et :  best  omitted  in  translating.    The  Latin  uses  et .  .  .  et  much 

oftener  than  we  do  both  .  .  .  and.     A  good  way  to  translate  is 
to  suppress  the  first  et  and  render  the  second  by  and  also. 

6  ndn  .  .  .  post :  not  very  long  afterwards. 

7  occiso  Tatio :  do  not  translate,  Tatius  having  been  killed,  but, 

Tatius  was  killed  and,  as  on  p.  33,  1.  3. 

8  quorum  consilio  :  in  order  that  by  their  advice.     Compare  qui 

.  .  .  peterent,  p.  34, 1.  25,  and  note  ;  also  cuius  interitu,  p.  35, 
1.  25,  and  note. 
xi  cum:  while. 


88  NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME. 

Page 

36  1 1  ad  :  for  the  purpose  of. 

12  in  campo  :  in  a  plain  which  came  to  be  called  Campus  Martius. 
It  lay  outside  the  ancient  city.     See  map  of  Rome.    It  is  now 
covered  with  buildings. 
15  Oil  fecit :  to  which  thing  fulius  Proculus  made  belief:  in  English, 

a  thing  which  fulius  Proculus  caused  to  be  believed. 
18  visum :  supply  esse  and  take  Romulum  as  subject-accusative. 
Note  the  emphasis  on  visum  from  its  position,  actually  seen. 
eundem :  and  that  he. 
forma:  251  anda;  H.  419,  II. 

20  futurum  (esse) :  dependent  on  adfirmans,  that  it  would  come 

to  pass. 

21  constituta  .  .  .  cultus  :  what  is  to  be  supplied? 

NUMA  POMPILIUS,  ROMANORUM  REX  SECUNDUS. 

23  vir  .  .  .  religione  :  for  the  ablative  compare  forma,  p.  36, 1.  18, 

and  note. 

24  Curibus,   ex  oppido :  from   Cures,  a  town.     See   its   position 

northeast  of  Rome. 

25  qui  cum  :  on  the  translation  of  qui,  see  note  on  p,  35, 1.  25.    On 

the  position  of  cum  see  cuius  .  .  .  cum,  p.  34,  1.  16,  and  note. 
ut  .  .  .  mitigaret :  does  not  express  the  purpose  of  venisset, 
but  of  the  clause  sacra  plurima  instituit.     Nothing  is  com- 
moner than  for  an  ut-clause  to  precede  the  principal. 

37  1  ignem  .  .  .  alendum :   like  eos  .  .  .  educandos  in  construction, 

P-  33>  I  J4- 

perpetuo  :  do  not  render  perpetually r,  but  constantly ;  another 
example,  like  asylum,  of  a  word  changing  its  meaning  in 
passing  from  one  language  to  another.  Be  on  your  guard  as 
to  words  identical,  or  nearly  identical,  in  form  in  Latin  and 
English. 
3  adornavit :  not  here  adorned  ;  see  preceding  note. 

dicitur :  the  subject  remains  the  same,  i.e.,  Numa. 

7  et :  connects  docuit  and  promisit. 

8  se  :  subject-accusative  of  daturum  esse. 

10  delabitur :  on  the  tense,  see  supervenit  and  liberat,  p.  34, 1.  7, 
and  note. 


NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  89 

Page 

37  14  qui  .  .  .  custodirent:   to  guard.     Find  two  preceding  examples 

of  this  construction. 
15  Kalendis  Martiis:    as  the  year  began  with    March  and  the 

Calends  of  March  were  the  first  day  of  the  month,  this  was 

New  Year's  Day. 

18  portas :  there  were  two,  one  at  each  end  of  an  arched  passage- 

way. 
land  geminS :    Janus  was  represented  with  two  faces  turned  in 
opposite  directions,  looking  to  the  past  and  the  future.    From 
him  January  was  named.     He  was  the  god  of  all  beginnings, 
the  guardian  of  gates,  doors,  entrances,  and  passages. 

19  esset:  namely,  Janus. 

apertus :   in  sense  referring  to  portas,  grammatically  to  land, 
here  identified  with  the  passage-way. 

20  clausus :    this  did  not  happen  after  Numa  till  the  end  of  the 

first  Punic  War,  B.C.  241,  a  period  supposed  to  be  about  400 
years. 

23  maiorem   .    .    .   auct5ritatem :   such  inclusions  of  words  and 

phrases  between  an  adjective  and  a  noun  are  very  common; 
attention  to  this  will  often  help  you  to  see  the  sense  more 
quickly. 

24  eius  monitu :  by  her  advice. 

25  se,  etc. :  the  order  is  se  facere  omnia, 
quern  medium :  the  middle  of  which. 

26  perenni  rigabat  aqua  :  observe  the  order,  and  see  note  on  1.  23, 

above. 

27  inferebat :  what  is  the  force  of  the  tense  ? 

30  quidem;  do  not  translate  'indeed?  a  poor  word. 
88     1  exstinctus :  see  note  on  consternati,  p.  35, 1.  25. 

2  Ianiculd:  see  its  position  across  the  Tiber  on  the  map  of  Rome. 

TULLUS   HOSTILIUS;  ROMANORUM    REX  TERTIUS. 

8  ducibus    .    .    .    placuit :  the  Latin  way  of  saying  the  leaders  re- 
solved;  a  common  idiom. 
n  pro  .  .  .  patria :  in  the  English  order,  quisque  pro  sua  patria. 
12  ea  lege  :  on  these  terms  ;  points  to  the  following  clause. 
16  term  :  how  do  term  and  tres  differ  ? 


90  NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME. 

Page 

38  1 8  increpuere :   on  the  form  of  the  perfect,  see  note  on  auxere, 
p.  33,  1.  1 6.    First  they  hurled  their  spears,  which  clashed 
against  the  shields. 
arma:  subject. 

micantes  .  .  .  gladii :  on  the  order,  compare  perenni  rigabat 
aqua,  p.  37, 1.  26,  and  note  on  p.  yj,  1.  23. 

20  alius  super  alium :  better  alter  super  alterum.     Why  ? 

21  volnerati:    est  and  sunt  are  often  to  be  supplied.     Compare 

additum,  p.  35, 1.  2,  and  note. 
23  deserebat :  how  does  the  force  of  the  imperfect  here  differ  from 
that  of  inferebat,  p.  yj,  1.  27  ? 
30     2  ratus  :  not,  having  thought.     290,  b  ;  H.  550,  note  1. 
3  ubi  pugnatum  est :  where  the  fight  took  place. 
5  dum    .    .    .    inclamat:    translate  inclamat  as  an  imperfect. 

Compare  dum   .    .    .    tenet,  p.  34,  1.  6,  and  note. 
9  iam  :  the  two  meanings  of  this  word  are  perfectly  illustrated  in 
1.  2  {already)  and  here  {at  last).     The  word  does  not  mean 
simply  now,  like  nunc, 
singuli  :  one  on  each  side. 

supererant :  not  from  supero,  but  from  supersum. 
n  fessum,  etc.:  in  English  order,  trahebat  corpus  fessum. 

12  male  sustinentem  arma  :  who  was  hardly  able  to  bear  his  arms. 

Justify  this  translation. 

13  conficit :   regularly  means  ?nake  an  end  of;  the  con,  therefore, 

means  completely. 
iacentem  spoliat :  strips  him  of  his  arms  as  he  lies  prostrate. 
The  Latin  expresses  it  in  two  words. 

16  CUl    .    .    .    soror :  him  his  sister  met. 

17  viso  :  translate  as  if  it  were  videns. 

18  crinis  solvere :  compare  crinibus  passis,  p.  36,  1.  2,  and  note. 

19  movet:    mark    the    emphasis   on    the    verb    by    its    unusual 

position. 
21  increpans :  mark  the  very  different  sense  of  this  word  on  p.  38, 

1.  18. 
23  sic  eat :   thus  perish  ;  eat  is  present  subjunctive  of  ed. 

quaecumque  Romana  =  omnis  Romana  quae. 
25  atrox :    to  feel  the  force  of  the  order,  translate  as  the  words 

stand :  awful  seemed  the  deed  to  patricians  and  plebeians. 


*  fi  y 


LTNITERSITY 

NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  91 

Page 

39  27  lictor    .    .    .    laqueum :  not  to  hang  him,  but  to  bind  him  to  a 

stake  preparatory  to  scourging  and  beheading.  One  function, 
then,  of  the  lictor s  was  to  execute  judgment;  another  was  to 
precede  high  magistrates  in  public,  serving  as  policemen,  but 
instead  of  a  club  they  carried  on  their  shoulder  a  bundle  of 
rods  bound  up  with  an  axe.  The  king  had  twelve  lictors. 
28  ad  populum  provocavit :  not  for  pity,  but  to  reverse  the  sen- 
tence, which  the  people  had  a  right  to  do. 

40  3  orbum  liberis  faceret :  make  him  childless.     What  literally  ? 

n5n  tulit :  could  not  bear. 
8  tigillum  sorSrium :  the  "  Sister's  Beam" 

11  ut  .  .  .  corrigeret :  expresses  the  purpose  of  concitavit ;   see 
ut  .  .  .  mitigaret,  p.  36, 1.  25,  and  note. 

15  qua  re  Tullus  intellects :    Tullus,  understanding  his  purpose. 

What  literally  ? 

16  suo  .  .  .  facere :  in  English  order,  Mettium  facere  illud  suo 

iussii ;  but  the  Latin  order  throws  emphasis  upon  suo,  which 
is  the  important  word.  Notice  in  suo  illud  iussii  the  fondness 
of  the  Latin  for  thrusting  a  word  between  an  adjective  and  a 
noun,  as  already  remarked.  See  perenni  rigabat  aqua,  p.  37, 
L  26,  and  note.     This  is  an  extreme  case. 

19  in  diversa  :  asunder. 

22  ruinis :  from  the  downfall ;  primary  meaning  of  ruina. 

28  militiae  quam  domi :  258,  4,  d;  H.  426,  2. 

41  2  fracti .  .  .  sunt :  the  subject  is  spiritiis. 


ANCUS  MARCIUS,  ROMANORUM  REX  QUARTUS. 

7  aequitate  et  religione  :  injustice  and  piety \  descriptive  ablative. 

11  qui  .  .  .  repeteret :  see  qui  peterent,  p.  34, 1.  25,  and  note. 

14  capite  velatd :  the  Romans  often  covered  the  head  in  prayer 
and  sacrifice.  Mr.  D'Ooge  quotes  from  Conington's  transla- 
tion of  Vergil,  Aen.  III.,  405-407. 

"  Ere  yet  you  light  your  altars,  spread 
A  purple  covering  o'er  your  head, 
Lest,  sudden  bursting  on  your  sight, 
Some  hostile  presence  mar  the  rite." 


92  NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME. 

Pack 

41  i 6  verbis  meis  fides  sit :  let  my  words  be  heeded;  what  literally  ? 
21  repetenti :  dative  of  the  present  participle  agreeing  with  legato. 

Translate  who  demanded  restitution  (res) . 
24  cum:   since.      On   the   mood   following  see  p.  33,  1.  12,  and 
note. 

42  2  in  media  urbe :   in  the  middle  of  the  city.     Compare  quern 

medium,  p.  37, 1.  25. 
ad  terrorem :  to  overawe ;  ad  denoting  purpose,  as  often.     See 
ad,  p.  36,  1.  11,  and  note. 

3  idem :  he  likewise. 

4  Ianiculum  montem :   the  hill  Janiculum.     See  its  position  on 

the  map  of  Rome. 


LUCIUS  TARQUINIUS  PRISCUS,  ROMANORUM 
REX  QUINTUS. 

8  Tarquinils  .  .  .  urbe :  like  Curibus,  ex  oppidS,  p.  36, 1.  24,  and 
note.  For  the  position  of  Tarquinii,  northwest  of  Rome,  in 
Etruria,  see  map  of  Italy. 

10  advenienti :  present  participle;  supply  el;  as  he  was  coming,  an 
eagle  bore  off  his  cap  ;  literally,  for  him. 

13  sublimis:  on  high.  Compare  laetus,  joyfully ;  p.  37, 1.  8  ;  also 
silentes,  in  silence,  p.  ^7>  1-  9-  So  often  a  Latin  adjective  is 
best  translated  by  an  adverb  or  an  adverbial  phrase. 

15  excelsa  et  alta :  an  exalted  and  noble  destiny.  The  adjectives 
are  in  the  neuter  plural  without  any  noun  understood,  but 
we  are  compelled  in  translation  to  add  a  noun. 

19  a  quo  .  .  .  intercepit :  and  when  left  by  him  guardian  to  his 

children,  he  (Tarquinius)  usurped  the  throne. 

20  ita :    best  omitted  in  translation. 

adeptus  esset :  what  is  the  object  to  be  supplied  ? 
43     1  addixissent :  should  be  favorable,  not  had  been.    See  si  .  .  .  per- 
duxisset,  p.  35,  1.  15,  and  note. 
2  in  experimentum  :  to  make  trial ;  in  used  to  denote  purpose, 
like  ad,  p.  36,1. 11. 
fierine  posset :  whether  that  could  be  done. 
4  atqui  :  Professor  Rolfe  happily  translates,  "  Oh,  but." 


NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME.  93 

Pagb 

43  8  praetexta :    an  adjective,  with  toga  understood   and   meaning 

bordered  toga.  For  an  illustration  of  the  toga  praetexta,  see 
"  First  Latin  Book,"  p.  191.  The  praetexta  had  a  broad  pur- 
ple border.  The  next  sentence  implies  that  before  this  inci- 
dent boys  had  been  differently  dressed. 

bulla  :   a  round  golden  ornament,  hung  about  the  neck. 

ingenuorum:  emphatic,  for  similar  ornaments,  but  made  of 
leather,  were  worn  by  children  who  were  not  born  free. 

13  Simula  ta  rixa  :  pretending  to  quarrel.    What  literally? 
quorum  clamor  cum :  on  the  translation  of  the  relative,  see  note 

on  p.  35, 1.  25  ;  on  the  position  of  cum,  see  p.  34, 1. 16,  and  note. 

14  vocati :  on  the  way  of  translating,  see  consternati,  p.  35, 1.  25, 

and  note. 

15  et  certatim  .  .  .  obstrepere:   and  to  cry  out  against  each  other 

vehemently.     What  literally  ? 

17  dum  .  .  .  avertit :  dum  is  regularly  followed  by  the  present 

tense,  though  the  time  of  the  act  belongs  to  the  past.  Several 
examples  have  already  occurred.  Notice  dum  avertit,  deiecit. 
Render  avertit  as  if  it  were  avertebat ;  while  the  king  was 
turning  away  wholly  attentive  to  him. 

18  elatam  .  .  .  deiecit :   another  example  of  the  participle  best 

rendered  by  a  verb  and  coupled  by  et  to  the  following  verb  ; 
raised  his  axe  and  brought  it  down  upon  his  head.  What 
literally  ? 

SERVIUS  TULLIUS,  ROMANORUM  REX  SEXTUS. 

22  nobili :  of  noble  birth,  the  usual  meaning  ;  not  noble  as  we  com- 

monly use  the  word.     See  note  on  perpetuo,  p.  37,  1.  1. 
qui  cum :  while  he.     See  note  on  qu5rum,  etc.,  1.  13. 

23  visu  eventuque :  in  appearance  and  result.     The  ablatives  are 

like  aequitate  et  religione,  p.  41, 1.  7. 
25  summam  ei  dignitatem :  do  not  be  confused  by  words  thrust 
in  between  an  adjective  and  a  noun.     See  su5  illud  iussii, 
p.  40,  1.  16,  and  note. 

44  1  ei  .  .  .  portendi :  compare  p.  42, 1.  14. 

5  militibus   .   .    .  dimicantibus :   as  the  soldiers  fought  with  too 
little  spirit. 


94  NOTES:    THE  SEVEN  KINGS  OF  ROME. 

Pagh 

44  5  slgnum :  see  illustrations  on  p.  105  of  the  "  First  Latin  Book." 
11  grave  quidem :  serious,  it  is  true.     See  p.  37,  1.  30,  and  note. 

13  dicto  audientes  essent :  be  obedient  to. 

15  montis  :  not  mountains,  but  low  hills. 

16  idem:  see  p.  42,  1.  3,  and  note. 

21  factum    .    .    .    ferebat :    tradition  said  had  been  built.     What 

literally  ?     With  factum  supply  esse. 

22  et  ipsi :  they  too. 

cum  :  in  common  with. 

24  nata :  supply  esse.  It  is  extremely  common  to  find  esse  omitted 
in  the  compound  forms  of  the  infinitive,  both  active  and  pas- 
sive. Compare  factum,  for  factum  esse,  1.  21 ;  also,  imme- 
diately following,  datum,  for  datum  esse:  habiturum,  for 
habiturum  esse. 

27  immolasset:  see  si  .  .  .  perdiixisset,  p.  35, 1.  15,  and  note. 

45  13  COniugem  .  .  .  salutavit :  called  her  husband  out  of  the  senate, 

and  was  the  first  to  greet  him  as  king.     F.  353,  7  and  3  (c). 

14  cuius  iussii :  at  his  order. 

16  cunctantem  :  when  he  hesitated. 


TARQUINIUS    SUPERBUS,  ROMANORUM    REX    SEPTIMUS 
ET   ULTIMUS. 

22  Gabios  :  see  its  position  nearly  east  of  Rome. 
46     3  plurimum  posset:   could very  much  ;  had  great  influence. 

"And  they  (the  French)  can  well  on  horseback."  —  Ham.  IV.,  7, 1.  83. 

4  sciscitatum:   see  petitum,  p.  35, 1.  13,  and  note. 
8  fessus  exspectando :  tired  of  waiting. 

12  Ardeam :  see  its  position  south  of  Rome. 

13  sorore    .    .    .    natus:  son  of  the  king's  sister.     244;  H.  415,  II. 

15  cum    .    .    .    laudaret :  since  each  one  praised  his  own  wife. 

16  placuit :  they  resolved.    What  literally  ?    See  note  on  p.  38,  1.  8. 

18  Collatiam :  see  its  position  a  little  way  from  Rome  to  the  east. 

19  lanae  deditam  :  literally,  given  up  to  wool;  busily  spinning. 

24  in  exitium:  for  the  ruin;   in  denoting  purpose.     Compare  in 
experimentum,  p.  43,  1.  2,  and  note. 


NOTES:   FABLES.  95 

Page 

47  2  eos :  object  of  venum  dare. 

se  velle  :  that  she  wished,  dependent  on  dicebat. 

3  atque  immensum  :  and  in  fact  an  excessive  price. 

7  et  regem  interrogavit :   translate  before  the  clause  beginning 

ecquid. 
io  id  ipsum  :  explained  by  the  following  clause. 

15  sed    .    .    .    COnstitit :    but  it  is  certain  that  that  woman,  after 

going  away  then  from  Tarquin,  was  not  seen  anywhere. 

16  nusquam  loci:  216,  4;  H.  397,  4. 
visam :  what  is  to  be  supplied  ? 

18  publice  :  not  publicly.     See  note  on  perpetu5,  p.  37,  1.  I. 

FABLES. 

48  1  praetereunti :  present  participle  from  praetered.    141 ;  H.  295; 

F.  p.  237. 

2  inquit :  always'placed  after  one  or  more  of  the  words  quoted. 

4  locus  et  tempus :  thought  of  as  one  thing  and  hence  followed 

by  the  singular,  reddit. 

8  ne    .   .   .    contemnamus :  not  to  despise. 
bonum  :  an  adjective  used  as  a  noun,  advantage. 

9  alia  et  fortasse  maiora :  supply  bona. 

11  conquerebatur :    do    not    confound    queror,    complain,    with 

quaero,  seek. 

12  negata  esset :   had  been  denied  to  her  (as  she  said).     The  in- 

dicative would  have  meant  had  (in  fact)  been  denied  to  her. 
321  ;  H.  516. 
14  bona:   the  subject-accusative  of  conferri.     See  also  note  on 
bonum,  1.  8. 
40    2  mini  .  .  .  animo :  to  me  it  is  not  in  mind ;  in  English,  /  do  not 
intend. 

3  dulcia  tutis  :  both  adjectives  in  the  neuter  plural  used  as  nouns. 

In  English  we  have  to  say  sweet  things  to  safe  things  ;  that  is, 
what  is  pleasant  to  what  is  safe. 

5  arcebat :   why  is  the  imperfect  used  here  and  in  the  preceding 

line,  rather  than  the  perfect  ? 
ista  :  that  {of  yours),  102  c  ;  F,  304,/. 

6  quod  :  in  that. 


96  NOTES:   FABLES. 

Page 

49  6  pateris  :  second  person  singular  from  patior. 
9  ei :  supply  leoni ;  translate  one. 

ii  COnspicata  :  when  she  had  seen. 

quidem  :  it  is  true,  or,  to  be  sure. 
12  tertio  ill!  Obviam  facta:    on  meeting  him  a  third  time. 

ausa  :  perfect  participle  feminine  from  audeo. 

14  ne  .  .  .  incede  :   very  well  for  a  crab,  but  he  should  have  said 

ne   .    .   .   incedas. 

15  recta  via  :  not  by  the  right  road,  but  in  a  straight  line. 

16  respondit :  placed  like  inquit.     See  note  on  in  quit,  p.  48, 1.  2. 
18  adulescentiam :  subject-accusative  of  instrui. 

50  1  pascebantur  :  do  not  translate/?^,  but  used  to  feed. 

5  quantum  boni  :  what  great  advantage. 

7  dum  .  .  .  movet :  see  note  on  dum  avertit,  p.  43, 1.  17. 
celerius:    too  quickly.    The  comparative  must  sometimes  be 

rendered  too,  quite,  or  rather. 

12  ei:  for  her. 

13  5vum  pariebat  aureum:  notice  the  order. 

illam  =  illam  gallinam  and  is  subject-accusative  of  celare. 

15  repperit:   the  present  would  be  reperit. 

16  quod  =  id  quod,   dum  .  .  .  inhiat :  see  note  on  dum  movet,  1. 7. 
minores  :  supply  the  Latin  noun  in  the  proper  form. 

17  ne   .   .   .   interficite :  better,  ne  interficiatis.      See  ne  incede, 

p.  49,  1.  14,  and  note. 

18  quidquam:  why  not  aliquid?  quidquam  mea.ns  anything  at  all, 

and  is  used  after  negatives. 

19  propter  hoc  ipsum :  for  this  very  reason. 

20  cum:  though. 

51  3  conspicata  :  translate  by  the  present  participle.     Compare  con- 

spicata,  p.  49, 1.  11. 
4  si :  to  see  if 

6  acerbae :  as  if  iivae  had  been  used. 

eas  .  .  .  repertas  :  them  found— if  I  had  found  them. 

8  quae  se:  quae  the  object  of  adsequi,  se  subject-accusative  of 

posse. 
1 1  multis  aliis  prSpOsitis  :  after  many  other  proposals  had  been  made. 
Omnibus  placuit :  all  resolved,  or,  it  was  unanimously  resolved. 
What  literally  ? 


NOTES:   FABLES.  97 

Page 

51  12  ipsds  :  the  subject-accusative  of  posse. 

13  earn:  felem. 

14  quaereretur:    the  question  was  raised.     The  verb  is  used  imper- 

sonally. 

18  conducit :  the  present  used  for  the  perfect.  What  is  the  effect? 

Give  an  example  in  English. 

19  qui   .   .   .   extrahat:  to  pull  it  out.  317,  2  ;  H.  497, 1 ;  F.  432, 

1  and  433. 
21  subridens :  how  different  from  ridens? 

52  1  repperit :  see  note  on  repperit,  p.  50, 1.  1 5. 

3  agricolae :  on  the  farmer,  depends  on  Inflixit. 
5  mall :  bad  men,  or  the  bad. 

7  praedicabat :  what  is  the  force  of  the  imperfect  ? 

qui  .  .  .  pasceretur :  because  (as  he,  the  ass,  said)  he  fed; 
pascebatur  would  mean,  he  (in  fact)  fed.  Compare  negata 
esset,  p.  48,  1.  12,  and  note. 

8  cum  :  while,  or  whereas. 

paleae  :  depends  on  satis,  straw  enough. 
10  agitur:   compare  conducit,  p.  51,  1.  18,  and  note.     So  conla- 
bitur,  1.  12,  below. 

1 2  0  me  stolidum :  Oh,  fool  that  I  was  ! 

13  qui  .  .  .  aestimaverim:  because  I  judged,  or  to  have  judged. 

320,  e  ;  H.  517  ;  F.  432,  4  and  c. 

15  sibi  :  may  be  omitted  in  translation. 

16  ut  fieri  solet:  as  usually  happens.     What  literally? 

18  quod  cum,  etc. :  on  the  translation  of  the  relative  at  the  begin- 

ning of  a  sentence,  see  180,/.     H.  453. 

20  esset :    translate  is ;   the   imperfect   is   required   in    Latin   on 

account  of  the  past  tense  docuit. 

53  2  vivum :  about  equal  to  vivere. 

8  qui  .  .  .  n51uerim :  compare  qui  aestimaverim,  p.  52,  1.  13,  and 
note. 

14  deteriore  condici5ne :  in  a  worse  state. 

What  is  the  moral  of  this  fable  ? 

19  aliquantum  viae  :  some  distance.     What  literally  ? 
et  .  .  .  et :  both  .  .  .  and. 

20  et  secum  .  .  .  contemplatus  :  and  pondering  on.  What  literally? 


98  NOTES:   FABLES. 

Page 

53  20  aetatis    .    .    .    mala:  the  evils  of  old  age  and  want. 

22  quae   .    .    .   liberaret :   to  free  him ;   compare  qui  extrahat, 
p.  51,  1.  19,  and  note. 
ipsum  =  se,  that  is,  senem. 

54  2  quern   .   .   .  paenitebat :   whom  it  repented ;  in  English,  who 

repented.     What  kind  of  a  verb  is  paenitet  ? 
3  nihil :  supply  void, 
qui :  some  one  to. 

What  is  the  moral  of  this  fable  ? 

6  subvolarat :  a  shortened  form  for  subvolaverat. 

1 1  se  valere  :  that  he  excelled. 

12  adreptum  devoravit  :  caught  up  and  devoured.    292,  R. ;  F.  353, 

7  and  c  (3). 
15  praeda  .  .  .  divisa  :  when  the  booty  had  been  divided. 

20  qui  .  .  .  voluerit,  is  sciat :  let  him  know  who  shall  be  disposed. 
se  habiturum :  supply  esse. 

21  facerent :  were  to  do.     Mark  the  force  of  the  subjunctive. 

55  3  quod:  that  it. 

7  quarum  .  .  .  precibus  :  by  their  prayers. 

8  refugere :  for  the  more  usual  refugerunt. 

12  punitiirus  :  in  order  to  punish. 

a  qu5  cum  :  and  when  by  it.     What  literally  ? 

13  eas  .  .  .  paenituit :   compare  quem  paenitebat,  p.  54, 1.  2,  and 

note. 

What  is  the  moral  of  this  fable  ? 

15  lup5s,  etc. :  order,  fingens  lup5s  aggressos  esse  suum  gregem. 
1 7  laturi :  future  participle  of  f  ero. 

19  eum  pariter  ut  antea,  etc.  :   thinking  he  was  fooling  just  as 
before ;  eum  is  subject-accusative  of  liidere. 

56  2  cam:  dative  of  agent  with  custSdiendum.     Translate  left  for 

his  dog  to  guard.     What  literally  ? 

5  dum  .  .  .  studet :  compare  dum  movet,  p.  50,  1.  7,  and  note. 

8  accenditur :  compare  conducit,  p.  51, 1.  18,  and  note. 
10  restituit :  had  replaced.   After  ubi,  ut,  and  postquam,  all  mean- 
ing when,  the  perfect  indicative  is  commonly  used,  but  it  is 
often  best  rendered  by  the  pluperfect. 


NOTES:    GAIUS  IULIUS   CAESAR.  99 

Page 

56  10  occisum :   which  had  been  killed.    F.  353,  6  and  c  (2).    Compare 

adreptum  devoravit,  p.  54, 1.  12,  and  note. 

11  sera:  too  late.   Compare  sero,  p.  55, 1. 13. 

13  simul    .    .    .    simul :  no  sooner  sees  him  .  .  .  than. 

15  qui    .    .    .   VOluerim  :  for  having  wished,  though  I  was  born. 

17  suus  :  with  locus. 

20  se:  subject-accusative  of  avolaturum  (esse). 

22  te  considentem :  that  you  were  sitting  there. 

57  1  duas :  with  peras. 

2  repletam :  alteram  peram  repletam. 

3  alienis,  etc. :  (alteram  peram)  gravem  alienis  (vitiis). 

4  hac  re  :  for  this  reason. 

5  simul  =  simul  ac,  as  soon  as. 


GAIUS  IULIUS  CAESAR. 

58  1  nobilissima  .  .  .  familia :  mark  the  fondness  of  the  Latin  for 
thrusting  some  word  or  words  between  an  adjective  and  the 
noun  with  which  it  agrees. 

3  diixit  uxorem :  took  to  wife.     What  literally  ? 
cuius  pater  cum  :  since  her  father. 

4  is :  Sulla. 

5  neque:  do  not  translate  nor ;  say  but  .   .   .   not. 

qua  re    .    .    .   cum:  when  Caesar,  robbed  of  his  property  on  this 
account. 

8  prope  per  singulas :  almost  every. 

9  ne  .   .   .  evasit :  by  giving  a  bribe  he  barely  escaped  being  led  to 

Sulla.    What  literally  ? 
12  Sullam  .  .  .  expugnatum  dixisse  :  that  Sulla  at  length  yielded 

and  said. 
cum  .  .  .  contenderent :  when  he  had  refused  and  they  continued 

to  press  their  point  persistently. 
14  eum :  refers  to  Caesar  and  is  the  subject-accusative  of  futurum 

(esse),  1.  17.      That  he  whom  they  so  earnestly  wished  (to  be) 

spared  would  sometime  be  the  ruin  of  the  aristocratic  party 

which  they  (the  interceders)  had  defended  in  company  with 

him  (Sulla). 


100  NOTES:    GAIUS  JULIUS   CAESAR. 

Page 

58  19  clarissimo  .  .  .  magistro :  compare  nobilissima  .  .  .  familia, 

1.  1,  and  note. 

59  2  quibus  =  ut  eis  pecuniis. 

3  daturum  se  :  se  the  subject-accusative  of  daturum  (esse). 

4  quibus  :  supply  talentis. 

expositus  esset :  the  subject  of  this  verb  and  of  all  the  following 
except  aberant  and  erant  is  Caesar.  In  translating,  it  would 
be  well  to  break  this  long  period  into  three;  end  the  first 
with  properavit,  omit  que  of  ibique,  make  another  period  at 
cepit,  then  continue,  Thus  he  got  the  pirates  into  his  power  and. 
8  piratas :  object  of  adfecit  and  suffixit. 

10  crucique  :  que  is  explanatory,  that  is. 

12  quo  profectus  :  on  his  way  thither.     What  literally  ? 

20  colas :  you  ought  to  practice. 

23  causatn  .   .   .  amicis  :  to  his  friends,  on  their  asking  the  reason. 

27  aedilis :  when  he  was  aedile.     See  the  derivation  of  the  word. 

28  venati5nes :    one  of  the  shows  in  the  amphitheatre  was  the 

hunting  of  wild  beasts. 

60  1  his  .  .   .  rebus:   in  this  way;  because  as  aedile  he  bore  the 

enormous  expense  of  these  shows. 
3  miliens  sestertium :  an  abbreviated  expression,  centena  milia 

being  omitted.     Thus  fully  expressed,  it  would  be  miliens 

centena  milia  sestertium ;  equal  to  between  $4,000,000  and 

$5,000,000. 
Ut  haberet  nihil :  to  make  him  worth  just  nothing.     He  joked 

about  his  debts  because  he  counted  on  paying  them,  as  he 

afterwards  did,  through  the  plunder  that  he  would  get  from 

public  office. 
7  in  re  publica  :  in  public  affairs. 

1 1  tanta   .   .   .   seditio :    compare    nobilissima    .    .    .    familia, 

p.  58, 1.  1,  and  note. 

17  si   .    .    .    signarent :    whenever  they  signed  any  document  as 

witnesses.    What  literally  ? 

18  actum  (esse) :   like  our  "given,'"  in  the  sense  of  drawn  up  or 

executed. 

19  Iulio  et  Caesare  :  the  Romans  were  very  witty  and  very  fond  of 

jokes ;  consulibus  was  often  omitted,  and  the  year  indicated 
only  by  the  names  of  the  consuls. 


NOTES:    GAIUS  IULIUS   CAESAR.  101 

Page 

60  19  nomine  et  cognomine :  observe  the  praenSmen  and  its  abbre- 

viation at  the  beginning  of  this  Life. 

22  gessit :  mark  the  emphatic  position ;  his  achievements  more- 
over. 

24  primus :  he  was  the  first  one  of  Roman  commanders  to  build  a 
bridge  over  the  Rhine  and  attack  the  Germans  in  their  own 
country. 

26  superatisque :    defeated  them  and;    superatis   (Britannis)   is 

dative  with  imperavit. 

27  cum   .    .    .  turn :  suppress  cum  in  translation  and  render  turn, 

and  especially. 

61  1  quod  :  /  mean  that. 

3  aquiliferum  .  .  .  comprehensum  :  the  standard-bearer,  who 
had  already  turned  to  flee,  he  seized  by  the  throat  and.  Make 
a  word-for-word  rendering  without  regard  to  the  English,  to 
see  if  the  translation  given  can  be  justified. 

8  vincique  .  .  .  docuit :  the  to  be  conquered  ready  {legions)  to 
conquer  he  taught.     What  in  English  ? 

10  interfect5  .  .   .  Crass5 :  compare  nobilissima  .   .  .  familia, 

p.  58,  1.  1,  and  note. 

1 1  generi  socerique  :  between  son-in-law  and  father-in-law. 

13  Pompeio  suspectae  (sunt) :  232,  a  ;  H.  388,  1. 

14  gravis  :  annoying ;  predicate  adjective  with  erat  understood. 

16  ne    .    .    .   discederet :  that  he  might  not  have  to  come  away. 

17  a  ...  ei  est :  his  request  was  refused  by  the  senate  through  the 

advice  of  Pomp  ey  and  his  friends.    What  literally  ? 
20  Rubiconem  :  look  for  this  small  stream  northeast  of  Rome. 
27  Brundisium  :  look  for  it  in  southeastern  Italy. 

62  1  Epirum  :  look  for  it  on  the  eastern  coast  of  the  Adriatic. 
2  Dyrrachium  :  look  for  it  nearly  opposite  Brundisium. 

10  prius    .    .    .    quam :  translate  with  the  last  clause. 

14  ut  .  .  .  cognovit :  when  he  learned  that  he  had  been  killed. 

17  Pontum:  see  on  a  map  of  Asia  Minor. 

19  quattuor  .   .   .  horis:  within  four  hours  from  the  time  when  he 

came  in  sight  of  him. 
22  ante    .    .    .    quam :    that  the  enemy  was  vanquished  before  he 

was  seen.     Compare  prius    .    .    .    quam,  1.  10,  and  note. 
27  omnibus :  limits  ignovit. 


102  NOTES:    ALCIBIADES. 

i 

Page 

63  5  quoque:  from  quisque,  each. 

6  convictds  :  supply  e5s  ;  those  who  were  convicted. 
12  optima  quaeque:  all  the  best.    93,  c\  H.  458,  1. 
19  agentem  et  meditantem:   agree  with  eum  (Caesarem)  under- 
stood, which  is  the  object  of  praevenit. 

22  quendam,  etc. :   order,  quendam  monentem  (eum)  ut  adsur- 

geret  iratd  voltu  respexit. 
27  coniuratum  .  .  .  est :    impersonal,  a  conspiracy  was  formed. 
sexaginta  amplius  =  amplius  sexaginta. 

64  2  ut,  etc.:  order,  orabat  ut  subsisteret. 

9  adsidentem :   that  is,  eum  (C.)  adsidentem,  following  circum- 
steterunt. 

11  renuentl :  supply  el.    One,  to  him  (C.)  refusing,  seizes  the  toga  = 

on  Caesar's  refusal,  one  seizes  his  toga. 

12  clamantem:   agrees  with  Caesarem  understood,  object  of  vol- 

nerat. 
ista :  that  (that  you  are  doing). 

13  adversum:    in  front,  an  adjective   agreeing  with  Caesarem 

understood. 

14  adreptum  .   .   .  traiecit:  seized  and  stabbed.    F.  353,  c  (3). 
17  obvolvit: 

"...  then  burst  his  mighty  heart ; 

And,  in  his  mantle  muffling  up  his  face, 

Even  at  the  base  of  Pompey's  statua 

Which  all  the  while  ran  blood,  great  Caesar  fell." 

23  omnibus,   etc.:    order,  omnibus    honoribus    decretis   sibi  a 

senatu  populoque. 
27  unum:  alone. 

ALCIBIADES. 

66     1  In  hoc  .  .  .  experta :  translate  in  this  order :  natura  videtur 
experta  (esse)  in  hoc  (homine)  quid  possit  efficere. 

3  nihil  .  .  .  fuisse  =  neminem  fuisse,  depends  on  constat,  it  is 

admitted. 
illo  :  i.e.,  Alcibiade. 

4  natus :  what  form  of  sum  is  to  be  supplied  ? 

5  summo  genere  :  of  a  very  noble  family.     244,  a\  H.  415,  II. 


NOTES:   ALCIBIADES.  103 

Pagb 

66  6  consili :  the  English  word  that  most  resembles  a  Latin  word  is 

very  often  not  the  one  to  choose  in  translation.  Here  counsel 
would  not  be  the  right  word  ;  say  resources,  or  ability.  Com- 
pare excellentius  in  1.  4,  which  means,  not  more  excellent,  but 
more  conspicuous.  The  clauses  that  follow,  through  resistere, 
illustrate  the  statement  that  he  was  fitted  for  all  activities  and 
full  of  resources. 

7  summus  :  not  to  be  translated  as  in  1.  5,  but  most  able. 

8  disertus  :  i.e.,  et  tam  disertus. 

ut  .  .  .  valeret :  literally,  that  he  was  strong  among  the  foremost 
in  speaking.     Improve  on  this  translation. 
10  cum :  whenever. 

12  serviens  :  adapting  himself . 

idem  :  at  the  same  time,  literally,  the  same  man. 
19  eruditus  :  study  its  composition. 
21  vellet :  had  wished. 

67  1  posset:  could  have. 

2  tribueret :  translate  as  if  it  were  tribuebat,  which  Nepos  might 

have  written. 

3  hums  consilio  :  through  his  advice. 

6  id  cum  appararetur :  while  preparations  were  making  for  this 

war.     What  literally  ? 

7  hermae  :  these  were  square  pillars  ending  at  the  top  in  a  carved 

head  of  Hermes  (Mercury).     They  were  set  up  in  the  streets 
at  the  entrances  to  houses. 

9  ille:  i.e.,  henna. 

10  hoc  cum :  begin  with  cum,  as  in  the  case  of  id  cum,  1.  6 ;  hoc 

is  the  subjective-accusative  of  factum  esse.     Since  it  appeared 
that  this  was  not  done. 
appareret:    do  not  confound   appareo,  appear,  with  apparo, 
make  ready,  1.  6. 

1 1  quae  ...  ad  pertineret :  since  it  concerned. 

13  ne  qua  .  .  .  vis:  that  some  sedition. 

17  opera  forensi :  aid  in  law  suits.    What  literally? 

18  oculos  :  object  of  converteret,  he  turned. 

19  prodisset :  pluperfect  subjunctive  of  prodeS. 

20  par  :  predicate  adjective  with  poneretur,  was  thought. 

21  in  eo  :  i.e.,  Alcibiades  ;  compare  in  hoc,  p.  66,  1.  1. 


104  NOTES:   ALCIBIADES. 

Pagb 

67  22  plurimum :  to  be  taken  with  both  infinitives. 

24  dicebatur :    he  was  said ;  not  /'/  was  said,  which  would  require 
eum  to  be  expressed  as  the  subject-accusative   of  facere. 
more:  according  to  the  feelings,  or  in  the  eyes  of. 
id :  facere  mysteria. 

27  hoc  crimine  :  nearly  equal  to  hac  causa,  on  this  ground. 

28  tempus,  etc. :  order,  tempus  proficiscendi  ad  bellum. 

68  1  neque  ignorans :  and  not  unacquainted  with. 

2  si .  .  .vellent:  if  they  wished  any  action  taken.    What  literally  ? 

Don't  forget  that  quid  after  si  is  anything.     Here  quid  is  the 
subject-accusative  of  agi. 
de  praesente  =  de  se  praesente,  about  him  while  he  was  present. 

3  haberetur :  as  if  ut  had  followed  postulabat. 

invidiae    crimine :    a   charge  springing  from  hatred.     What 
literally  ? 

4  quiescendum  =  quiescendum  esse  sibi  and  to  be  taken  with 

decreverunt,  1.  6,  they  decided  that  it  was  best  to  keep  quiet. 

5  noceri  .  .  .  posse  :  that  he  could  not  be  injured.     What  literally  ? 

On  noceri  ei,  see  230  ;  H.  465,  1. 
exspectandum :  what  Latin  words  are  to  be  mentally  supplied  ? 

6  quo  exisset :   when  he  should  have  gone  away  ;   more  idiomati- 

cally, till  he  should  go  away. 
8  quod  .  .  .  violasset :  because,  as  they  charged,  he  had  profaned. 
321  ;  B.  286,  1. 
11  essetque:  the  conjunction  connects  esset  with  missus  esset. 
In  translation  drop  que  and  translate  as  if  cum  were  repeated 
in  the  sense  of  although. 
provinciae :  mark  this  use  of  provincia  in  its  original  sense. 

18  se  .  .  .  publicatis  :  that  he  had  been  condemned  to  death  and  his 

property  confiscated.    What  literally  ? 

19  id  quod  usu  venerat :  as  had  actually  been  done.    What  literally  ? 
USU  :  for  usui,  to  use,  realization. 

21  eius:    not  his,   but  a  demonstrative  with    devotionis,  which 

depends  on  exemplum. 
exemplum  .  .  .  publico  :  this  clause  is  connected  by  que  in  1.  21. 

to  sacerddtes  coact5s  (esse),  and  so  is  part  of  the  object  of 

audivit. 
24  inimicos  :  how  different  from  hostis  ? 


NOTES:   ALCIBIADES.  105 

Page 

68  25  intellegerent :  the  subject  is  inimici. 

26  se :  Alcibiades. 

plurimum  prodesse  :  compare  p.  67,  1.  22. 

eiecisse:  that  they  {his  enemies)  had  expelled  him  {Alcibiades). 

What  Latin  words  must  therefore  be  supplied  as  subject  and 

object  of  eiecisse  ? 

27  paruisse  :  "  had  been  guided  by."     What  literally  ? 

69  5  qu5  facto :  in  this  way.     What  literally  ? 
7  neque  :  but  —  not. 

his  rebus  :  in  consequence  of  this. 
sunt  facti:  the  subject  is  the  same  as  of  coeperunt. 
9  prudentiam :  that  is,  of  Alcibiades. 
10  aliquando  :  at  some  time,  emphatic. 

12  tempus  .  .  .  interficiendi :  compare  tempus  proficlscendi,  p.  67, 

1.  28.     Here  tempus  means  chance. 
id :  accusative  limiting  celari.     Alcibiades  could  not  very  long 
be  kept  in  the  dark  about  this.     239,  d;  H.  374,  2,  N.  1. 

13  ea  =  tali,  such. 

17  pervenisset  et :  et  connects  pervenisset  and  videret. 

male  .  .  .  crescere  :  that  in  consequence  of  the  bad  management  of 

Athenian  interests  in  Sicily,  their  resources  were  waning,  while, 

on  the  contrary,  those  of  the  Lacedaemonians  were  increasing. 

Give  a  word-for-word  rendering. 
21  eodem  .  .  .  sensii :  order,  eodem  sensu  quo ;  quo,  as. 
26  parique  .  .  .  praeficitur :   in  his  absence  is  invested  with  equal 

authority.     The  word  simul  is  unnecessary. 

70  8  neque  .  .  .  multas :  and  as  many. 

12  his  .  .  .  Obviam :  to  meet  these  {commanders). 

15  sic  .  .  .  persuasum  :  for  thus  it  was  persuaded  to  the  people  ;  in 
English,  the  people  believed  this,  namely  that.  For  the  construc- 
tion compare  noceri  posse,  p.  68, 1.  5,  and  note.  The  particle  sic 
points  forward  to  the  words  following  et  {both),  through  opera. 

17  et  Siciliam  .  .  .  victorias  :  both  Sicily  to  have  been  lost,  amissam 

(esse)  and  the  victories.   What  in  English  ?   Had  the  Athenians 
ever  ruled  Sicily  ? 

18  suae  :  their  own,  that  is,  the  Athenians* . 

expulissent :  they  had,  as  they  said,  banished.     Compare  quod 
violasset,  p.  68,  1.  8,  note  and  grammatical  reference. 


106  NOTES:   ALCIBIADES.  * 

Page 

70  21  hie  ut:  when  he. 

23  Piraeum :  what  and  where  ?     See  a  map. 

25  usu  venerat :  acciderat.     See  p.  68, 1.  19,  and  note. 

26  taeniis :  "  the  streamers  of  the  bow  that  tied  the  ends  of  an 

honorary  crown." 
volgo :  adverb. 

71  2  quin  .  .  .  inlacrimarit :  as  not  to  weep  over. 

4  ille  ipse  :  that  very  one. 

5  publice  :  see  note  on  cdnsili,  p.  66, 1.  6. 

6  resacrare :   to  take  off  the  curse  ;  notice  the  negative  force  of 

re-  ;  what  does  it  usually  mean  ? 
8  praecipitatae :  what  form  of  sum  is  to  be  supplied  ? 
10  cum :  though  ;  repeat  it  in  thought  with  postulasset  and  nega- 
tum  esset. 

14  quod  .  .  .  gesserat :  gives  the  reason  of  the  following  clause. 

15  reccidit :  what  is  the  meaning  of  re-  here  ?     Cf.  1.  6,  above, 
nihil  .  .  .  n5n :  translate  everything. 

16  ex  quo  fiebat :  the  result  of  this  was.     What  literally? 
omnia  minus  prospere  gesta :  all  failures.     But  what  literally  ? 

17  culpae :  culpae  eius. 

18  corruptum  :  supply  eum  as  subject-accusative  of  noluisse. 
20  opinionem :  *'.<?.,  that  others  had. 

22  elatus:  F.  353,  «r  (3). 

23  quibus  rebus  factum  est  =  ex  qu5  fiebat  above,  1.  16. 
absent! :  supply  ei,  Alcibiades. 

27  primus  :  was  the  first  one  to. 

28  gloriosius  .  .  .  GraiSrum:   order,  existimans  locupletari  {to 

enrich  himself)  praeda  barbarorum  (esse)  gloriosius  quam 
(praeda)  Graiorum. 

72  4  nequetamen:  and  yet  —  not. 

7  qui  .  .  .  diiceret :  who  was  bent  on  this,  namely,  to  protract  the 

war  as  long  as  possible. 

8  ipsis :  Lacedaemoniis. 

9  contra  :  while  on  the  other  hand. 

Atheniensibus :  dative  dependent  on  erat  super  =  erat  relictum. 
13  Lacedaemonios  :  saying  that  the  Lacedaemonians. 

eo  :  for  this  reason,  explained  by  the  clause  beginning  quod. 
15  sibi:  i.e.,  Alcibiades. 


NOTES:   ALCIBIADES.  107 

Page 

72  1 6  eum :  Lysandrum. 

quo  facto  :    if  this  were  done. 
17  conflicturum  (esse) :    what  must  be  supplied  as  the  subject- 
accusative  of  this  and  the  following  infinitive  ? 

19  Alcibiade  recepto  :  compare  quo  facto,  1.  16,  and  note. 

20  si  quid  secundl :  if  anything  of  favorable  =  if  any  success. 

21  contra  ea:  the  same  as  contra,  above,  1.  9. 

22  se   .    .    .   reum :  he  alone  would  be  charged  with   this  failure; 

literally,  he  alone  would  be  the  defendant  of  this  failure. 
24  illud  moneo,  ne,  etc.  :  I  give  you  this  warning,  not  te,  etc. 
27  vestri  .  .  .  exercitiis :  exercitus  depends  on  occasio.  F.  474,  b. 

73  1  volgum  :  the  common  soldiers,  subject-accusative  of  exisse. 
3  relictas  :  supply  esse. 

tempus   rei   gerendae :  a  chance  for  striking  a  blow.     What 
literally  ? 
5  victis  Atheniensibus  :  now  that  the  Athenians  were  vanquished. 
7  suam  fortunam :  his  concerns,  i.e.,  he  and  his  fortunes. 
13  humanitate  :  read  again  note  on  consili,  p.  66, 1.  6. 

eum  :  Alcibiades. 
15  quinquagena :  i.e.,  annually.     How  so  ? 

17  Athenas,  etc.  :  nor  Athens  vanquished  to  the  Lacedaemonians  to 

be  subject  was  he  able  to  endure.     What  in  English  ? 

18  omni  ferebatur  c5gitati5ne:  he  bent  all  his  thoughts.    But  what 

literally  ? 

20  eum :  subject-accusative  of  adiungi.     The  reference  is  to  rege 

Perse  in  the  preceding  line. 

21  cSnsecuturum  :   fix  the  meaning  of  this  common  word  in  mem- 

ory.   See  p.  67, 1.  1. 
eius  conveniundi :  of  meeting  him.     F.  474,  b. 

22  habuisset :    not  had  had,  but  should  have.     How  can  such  a 

translation  of  the  pluperfect  subjunctive  be  justified?  How 
can  you  tell  when  the  pluperfect  subjunctive  is  to  be  trans- 
lated should  and  not  had?  In  a  future  condition  in  direct 
discourse,  the  Latin  often  uses  the  future  perfect ;  we  very 
seldom.  We  usually  employ  the  present.  Thus,  in  Latin,  id 
cSnsecutus  ero,  si  habuerd  potestatem,  I  shall  gain  it,  if  I 
have  a  chance.  Such  a  future  perfect  (habuero)  becomes  a 
pluperfect  subjunctive  (habuisset)  in  indirect  discourse,  but 


108  NOTES:   ALCIBIADES. 

Page 

73  the  same  difference  of  idiom  holds.  As  we  translated  have, 
instead  of  shall  have,  we  translate  should  have,  in  place  of 
should  have  had.  To  tell  whether  a  pluperfect  subjunctive 
represents  a  future  perfect,  think  what  form  a  speaker's 
words  would  take  in  direct  discourse. 

nam  .  .  .  sciebat:  attack  this  sentence  by  taking  the  words 
as  they  stand.  For  that  Cyrus,  his  brother,  for  {against)  him 
war  secretly  to  be  preparing,  the  Lacedaemonians  aiding,  he 
knew.     Then  translate. 

24  si  aperuisset :  study  again  note  on  habuisset,  1.  22,  and  make 
the  application  here. 

27  certos :  see  note  on  c5nsili,  p.  66, 1.  6. 

74  1  qui  =  ut  ii. 

sustulisset :  see  again  note  on  habuisset,  p.  73, 1.  22,  and  make 
the  application  here. 

2  fore  =  futiirum  esse. 

3  COnstituisset :  he  had  established  ;  constituisset  represents  con- 

stituisti  of  direct  discourse. 
SUas  res  gestas  :  his  things  done,  what  he  had  done. 

4  Laco :  Lysander. 

accuratius  sibi  agendum :  that  he  must  deal  more  decidedly. 

5  renuntiat :  gives  notice  that  he  will  break  off. 

6  quae    .   .   .    essent :   the  relations  existing  between  the  Lacedae- 

monians and  the  king.     What  literally  ? 

7  tradidisset :  read  again  note  on  habuisset,  p.  74, 1.  22,  and  make 

the  application  here. 
non  tulit  nunc  :  did  not  hold  out  against  him.    Some  texts  have 
hoc ;  then  the  meaning  of  tulit  would  be  could  not  bear. 

8  minui :  present  passive  infinitive. 

1 1  missi :  the  persons  who  were  sent. 

vicinitati:  depends  on  dant  negotium,  and  means  his,  Alci- 
biades',  neighbors.  We  sometimes  use  neighborhood  for 
neighbors,   as   here  vicinitas   for  vicini. 

12  illi  cum :  since  they. 

17  ei :  see  absent!,  p.  71, 1.  23,  and  note. 

subalare  :  sub,  under  and  ala,  arm-pit.  The  adjective  suggests 
the  notion  short  or  small,  like  our  prefix  hand.  Roberts 
compares  pocket,  as  in  pocket-knife. 


NOTES:   ALCIBIADES.  109 

Page 

74  20  id  .   .  .  vestltnent5rum :  such  garments  as  were  at  hand.    On 

quod  .  .  .  vestiment5rum,  see  216,  a,  3;  H.  397,  3. 
22  eminus  :  examine  its  composition.     Compare  its  opposite  corn- 
minus,  hand  to  hand. 

25  contectum  .  .  .  mortuum :  (eum)  mortuum  contectum,  covered 

his  dead  body  and.     292,  R. ;  F.  353,  7  and  c . 

26  interimendum :   probably  Nepos  meant  for  burning  him  alive, 

but  he  says  for  killing  him  alive. 

27  natus  :  at  the  age  of.     He  was  about  forty-six. 
diem  obiit  supremum  :  mark  the  order. 

75  1  infamatum  :  though  ill  spoken  of. 
4  qui  quidem  duo  :  the  two  latter. 

nescio  qu5  =  aliquo  modd,  "strange  to  say  "  (Roberts). 
8  superasse :   supply  eum  as  subject-accusative,  as  with  several 

following  infinitives. 
g  studiis  eorum  inservisse  :  devoted  himself  to  their  pursuits. 

12  quorum  moribus  :    according  to   whose  ideas;    in  whose  view. 

Compare  more  Atheniensium,  p.  67, 1.  24. 

13  in  patientia :   see  note  on  consili,  p.  66.  1.  6.     Mark  the  deri- 

vation of  the  word.  The  Lacedaemonians  prided  themselves 
as  much  on  endurance  of  pain  without  making  any  sign  of 
suffering  as  did  the  North  American  Indians.  Here  patientia 
refers  rather  to  endurance  of  privation  and  hardship  than  of 
seeming  insensibility  to  pain. 
18  quibus  rebus  effecisse  ut :  'hence  ;  literally,  by  which  means  he 
brought  it  about  that. 


VOCABULARY 


*-*< 


Words  having  no  references  to  page  and  line  do  not  occur  in  the  text,  but  only 
as  synonyms  at  the  foot  of  the  page. 


a  (ab),  prep.  w.  abl.,  from,  away 

from,  3.   1,  17;  6.  3,    etc.;  by, 

4.  20;  5.  6,  14,  etc. 
abdd,  3,    didi,  ditus,  put  from  ; 

hide,  conceal,  23.  15;  46.  23; 

60.  14,  etc. 
abduco,    3,    duxl,    ductus,    lead 

away;  take  away,  carry  off,  13. 

8 ;  50.  8. 
abeo,  Ire,  ii,  iturus,  go  from  ;  go 

away,   depart,    19.    12;    21.2; 

24.  3,  etc,  fly  off,  42.  13. 
abicio,    3,     ieci,     iectus     [iaci5, 

throw'],     throw    from  ;     cast, 

throw,  fling,  hurl,  33.  7  ;  throw 

or  put  down,  lay  aside,  5.8. 
abluo,  3,  lul,  lutus,  wash  away ; 

wash,  bathe,  45.  1. 
abrogO,   1,  annul ;  depose  from, 

remove  from,  71.  24. 
abscedo,   3,    cessT,    cessus,  give 

way ;  retire,  withdraw,  depart, 

62.  21. 
absens,  entis,  adj.  [p.  of  absum], 

absent,   away  from  home,   61. 

17  ;  68.  3,  6,  etc. 
absolvo,  3,   solvi,   solutus,  loose 

from ;    release,    set   free,    dis- 
charge, acquit,  40.  4. 
abstineo,     2,       tinui,      (tentus) 


[teneo],  keep  back  ;  keep  oneself 
from,  refrain,  abstain,  36.  19; 
60.  15. 

abstuh.     See  aufero. 

absum,  esse,  afui,  afuturus,  be 
from ;  be  away,  be   distant,  3. 

J8;  19-  7;  39-  5»  etc- J  be 
away  or  absent ;  haud  multum 
(minimum)  afuit  quin,  came 
very  near,   6.  14;  13.    1;   25. 

15- 

Absyrtus,  I,  m.,  brother  of  Medea, 
10.  22. 

abundans,  antis,  adj.  [p.  of  abun- 
do,  overflow\  overflowing ;  rich, 
plentiful,  abundant. 

ac.     See  atque. 

Acastus,  If  m.,  son  of  Pelias, 
king  of  the  Colchi,  15.  19. 

Acca,  ae,  f.,  Acca  Larentia,  wife 
of  Faustulus,  33.  14. 

accedo,  3,  cessi,  cessurus,  go  to  ; 
draw  near,  approach,  39.  27  ; 
49.  13;  64.  10;  undertake,  at- 
tempt, 64.  28.  Cf.  appropin- 
quo,  7.  17,  and  adeo,  9.  18. 

accendo,  3,  cendl,  census,  set  on 
fire ;  kindle,  light,  make  (fire), 
20.  22  ;  inflame,  56.  8. 

accidd,  3,  cidl,  —  [cado],/a//  to  ; 


112 


VOCABULARY. 


befall,  happen,  come  to  pass,  2. 
22;  12.  4;  18.  23,  etc.  Cf. 
evenio,  7.  27. 

accio,  4,  clvl,  citus,  call ;  sum- 
mon, send  for,  invite,  36.  24. 
Cf.  arcessS,  3.  14. 

accipio,  3,  cepi,  ceptus  [capi5], 
take  to  one ;  receive,  welcome, 
9.  19;  15.  16;  16.  9,  etc.;  in- 
herit, 41.  12  ;  suffer,  sustain, 
61.  19. 

accommodo,  1,  fit ;  arrange,  ad- 
just, 63.  3. 

accumbo,  3,  cubui,  cubitum,  lay 
oneself  down  ;  recline  at  table, 
6.  12,  25;  28.  13,  etc.  Cf. 
Eng.  "fall  to." 

accurate,  adv.  [accuratus,  care- 
fully wrought],  exactly,  pre- 
cisely, decidedly,  74.  4. 

accurro,  3,  cum  or  cucurri,  cur- 
sus,  run  to;  hasten  to,  run  up 
to,  33.  10;  56.  14. 

accuso,  1  [causa],  call  to  account ; 
make  complaint  against,  accuse, 
charge,  w.  ace.  and  gen.,  33.  24. 

acer,  cris,  ere,  adj.,  sharp  ;  keen, 
55.  2;  ardent,  eager,  zealous, 
69.  8. 

acerbitas,  atis,  f.  [acerbus],  bitter- 
ness',  harshness,  70.  28. 

acerbus,  a,  urn,  adj.,  harsh; 
bitter,  unripe,  51.  6. 

acervus,  1,  m.,  mass  of  similar 
objects ;  heap, pile,  55.  I. 

acies,  el,  f.,  edge ;  battle  array, 
army,  line,  38.  15;  40.  13;  61. 
2,  etc.  ;  battle,  62.  20. 

acriter,  adv.  [acer],  sharply; 
fiercely,  furiously,   eagerly,    5. 

5 ;  44. 7- 

acumen,  inis,  n.   [acuo],  point ; 


sharpness,    keenness,   acuteness, 

75.  12. 
aciitus,  a,  urn,  adj.  [p.  of  acuo, 

sharpen],     sharpened;     sharp, 

pointed,  56.  5. 
ad,  prep.  w.   ace,   to;  to,  up  to, 

toward,  at,   2.  9;    7.   12,  etc.; 

to,  for,  3.  21  ;  4.  2,  4,  etc.;  at, 

before,    10.   24 ;  30.   23  ;  up  to, 

until,    12.    2;   19.    3;  28.    20; 

near,  6.    2  ;    according  to,    37. 

17;  60.  16;  63.  2. 
adamo,  1,  feel  love  for  ;  fall  in 

love  with,  8.  18. 
addled,  3,  dixi,  dictus,  say  yes  to  ; 

be   propitious,  favor,    consent, 

43-  i- 

addo,  3,  didi,  ditus,  put  to  ;  add, 
join,  35.  2;  40.  23;  44.  19; 
tell  in  addition,  42.  10. 

adduc5,  3,  duxi,  ductus,  lead  to ; 
lead  or  take  to  (a  place),  con- 
duct, 29.  4;  lead,  prompt,  in- 
duce, influence,  2.  4;  14.  II, 
14,  etc. 

adeo,  Ire,  il,  itus,  go  to,  approach, 
draw  near,  g.  18;  28.  5;  47. 
1,  etc.     Cf.  accedo,  39.  27. 

adeo,  adv.,  to  this ;  to  such  an 
extent,    so  far,   so,  41.   2  ;    60. 

13;  73-  I3»  etc- 

adfabilis,  e,  adj.  [adfor,  address], 
to  be  addressed ;  approachable, 
courteous,  kind,  66.  11. 

adf er5,  f erre,  tuli,  latus,  bear  to  ; 
bring  there,  22.  24;  52.  17,  18; 
bear,  bring,  give,  22.  4;  bring 
upon,  cause  to,  w.  ace.  and  dat., 
6.  11;  w.  vim  and  dat.,  do  vio- 
lence to,  assault,  46.  21. 

adficid,  3,  feci,  fectus  [facio],  do 
to;  move,  afflict,  oppress,  over- 


VOCABULARY. 


113 


whelm,    3.    6;   5.    24;  16.    12, 

etc.;  punish,   treat,   6.    6;    59. 

10. 
adfinis,    e,    adj.,   bordering   on; 

as  noun,  m.  and  f.,  connection 

by  marriage,  58.  II. 
adfirmo,  1,  strengthen  ;  maintain, 

assert,  36.  17. 
adfligo,  3,  flixl,  flictus,  dash  at ; 

damage,    shatter,     injure,    31. 

21. 
adhibeo,  2,  ui,  itus  [habeS],  ^0/^ 

toward;    call    to   aid,   employ, 

use,  hold,  34.  13. 
adhortatio,    onis,    f.    [adhortor, 

encourage],  encouragement,  ex- 
hortation, 61.  7. 
ad  hue,    adv.,  to  this  point ;    till 

then,  16.  25  ;  yet,   still,  14.   1. 
adicio,    3,    ieci,    iectus     [iacio], 

throw  to ;  throw,  cast,  13.  3. 
Adimantus,   I,  m.,  an  Athenian 

general,  71.  13. 
adimd,    3,   emi,   emptus    [emo], 

take  to  one  ;  take  away,  deprive, 

30.  17. 
adipiscor,  3,  adeptus,  reach  for ; 

obtain,  acquire,  get,  attain,  42. 

20. 
aditus,  us,  m.   [adeo],  going  to ; 

approach,  entrance. 
adiungo,  3,  iiinxl,  iunctus,  fasten 

to;  join   with,    annex,  add  to, 

w.  ace.  and  dat.  or  ad,  4.   14; 

44.  16;  70.  9,  etc. 
adiuv5,  1,  iuvT,  iutus,  help,  assist, 

aid,  support.  73.  23. 
adlaturus.     See  adferd. 
adlevd,   1,   lift  to   one;   lift   up, 

raise,  54.  4. 
adlicio,    3,    lexl,   Iectus,    allure, 

win  over,  persuade,  46.  2. 


adloquor,  3,  cutus,  speak  to ;  ad- 
dress, exhort,  44.  10;  49.  13. 
administro,    1,    manage,    direct, 

execute,    rule,  42.  20;  44.   14; 

60.  16,  etc. 
admiratio,    5nis,    f.    [admlror], 

admiration,  wonder,  40.  4. 
admlror,  1 ,  regard  with  wonder  ; 

wonder,  be  astonished,  66.   1 5 ; 

admire,  75.  18. 
admoneo,   2,   ui,  itus,  bring   to 

mind ;  warn,  51.  12. 
admoveo,  2,  m5vi,  motus,  move 

to;  apply,  offer,  33.  11. 
adnecto,  3,  nexul,  nexus,  tie  to, 

fasten  on,  attach,  51.  12,  14. 
adolesco,  3,  olevi,   ultus,  grow ; 

grow  up,  mature,  33.  1 5 ;  44.  3. 
adoperio,   4,    erui,    ertus,   cover, 

veil,  40.  7. 
adorior,  4,  ortus,  arise  against ; 

approach,  address,  accost,  attack, 

54-  7- 
adorno,     1,     decorate;    provide, 

furnish,  fit  out,  equip,  37.  3. 
adquiro,     3,      quisivi,     quisitus 

[quaero],  get  in  addition  ;  gain, 

win,  get  besides,  45.  3. 
adrepo,  3,  repsi,  — ,  creep  to,  steal 

up,  56.  3. 
adripio,  3,  ripuT,  reptus  [rapio], 

snatch  up,  seize  upon,  54.  12  ; 

64.  14;  74.  20. 
adrogo,    1,    ask   to    one;    claim, 

appropriate,  54.  20. 
adsequor,  3,  secutus,  follow  to; 

reach,  gain,  attain,  51.  8.  ' 

adsido,    3,    sedi,  — ,  take   a  seat, 

sit  down,  sit,  64.  9. 
adst  =  ast. 
adsum,  esse,  f ui,  f  utiirus,  be  at ;  be 

at  hand,  come,  14.  8. 


114 


VOCABULARY. 


adsumo,  3,  sumpsi,  sumptus, 
take  to  ;  take,  choose,  44.  8. 

adsurgo,  3,  surrexi,  surrectus, 
rise  to  ;  stand,  rise,  63.  22. 

adulator,  oris,   m.,  flatterer,  54. 

13- 
adulescens,    entis,    adj.     [p.  of 
adolesco],  growing ;  as  noun, 
M.,  youth,  young  man,  29.  12  ; 

34.  2. 

adulescentia,  ae,  f.  [adulescens], 
growing ;  youth,  15.  5  ;  49. 
18. 

adulti.     See  adolesco. 

advenio,  4,  veni,  ventus,  come  to  ; 
come  near,  arrive,  reach,  12.  9  ; 
42.  10;  55.   17,  etc. 

adventus,  us,  m.,  a  coming  to  ;  com- 
ing, approach,  arrival,  11.  19; 
62.  19. 

ad  versus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  ad- 
verto,  turn  to],  turned  toward ; 
violent,  62.  n  ;  unfavorable, 
72.  22;  w.  res,  misfortune, 
calamity,  70.  15. 

adversus,  prep.  w.  ace.  [adverto, 
turn  to],  turned  towards ;  in 
front,  64.    13;    against,    upon, 

35.  11;  40.  12;  44.  4,  etc. 
advoco,   1,    call  to   one ;  call  to- 
gether, convoke,  summon,  45.  9; 
46.  22;  71.  1.     Cf.  arcesso,  3. 
14. 

aedificium,  1,  n.  [aedifico],  build- 
ing, structure,  74.  25. 

aedifico,  1  [aedis],  erect  a  build- 
ing;  build,  erect,  construct,  3. 
23  5  28.  5;  37.  19,  etc. 

aedilis,  is,  m.  [aedis],  aedile, 
commissioner  of  buildings  and 
public  works,  59.  27. 

aedis  (aedes),  is,  f.,  dwelling  of 


the  gods;  temple,  35.    29;  36. 

21  ;  pi.  house,  dwelling,  palace, 

28.    19;  37.    9;   44.    10.      Cf. 

templum  ;   domus,   aedificium. 
Aeetes,  ae,  m.,  a  mythical  king  of 

Colchis,  3.  9. 
Aegos-flumen,  inis,  n.,  Goat  River 

(Aegospotami),  a  river  and  town 

in   the    Thracian    Chersonese, 

72.  5- 
aegre,    adv.    [aeger,    *'//],   pain- 
fully;    w.   fero,  feel   distress, 

bear  ill,  take  to  heart,  be  angry, 

8.  19;  14.   13;  15.   18,  etc. 
aegritudo,   inis,   f.    [aeger,   /'//], 

sickness ;      w.      animi,      grief, 

chagrin,  irritation,  35.  4. 
aemulatio,     onis,    f.     [aemulor, 

rival],  rivalry,  competition,  61. 

12. 
aeneus,   a,   um,    adj.    [aes],    of 

copper,  bronze,  14.  24;  15.  10. 
Aeolia,   ae,   f.,    an    island  near 

Sicily,  25.  18. 
Aeolus,  I,    M.,    the   king   of   the 

winds,  25.  20. 
aequalis,    e,    adj.  [aequo,   make 

equal],  equal,  like,  54.  16. 
aequipero,    1     [aequus,    equal], 

compare ;    come   up    to,    equal, 

rival,  75.  10. 
aequitas,  atis,  f.  [aequus,  equal], 

evenness  ;  fairness,  moderation, 

justice,  41.  7. 
aer,  aeris,  m.,  air,  sky,  7.  4 ;  16. 

21. 
aes,  aeris,  n.,  crude  metal,  copper  ; 

aes  alienum,    another's  money, 

i.e.,  debt,  60.  2. 
Aeson,  onis,  m.,    Jason's  father, 

1.  1. 
aestimo,   1,  determine  the   value 


VOCABULARY. 


115 


of ;  value,  esteem,  rate,   weigh, 

52.  14- 

aetas,  atis,  f.  [for  aevitas], 
period  of  life,  59.  16;  age,  years, 
14.  7,  16,  23,  etc.;  old  age,  47. 
4;  53.  20;  time,  75.  3. 

aeternus,  a,  urn,  adj.  [for  aevi- 
ternus],  of  an  age;  in  aeter- 
num,  forever,  ig.  2. 

Aetna,  ae,  f.,  Mt.  Aetna  in  Sicily, 
20.  14. 

Africa,  ae,  f.,  62.  26. 

afui.     See  absum. 

ager,  agri,  m.,  productive  land ; 
field,  plain,  land,  country,  terri- 
tory, 2.  25;  8.  14;  9.  8,  etc. 
Cf.  arvum,  finis. 

aggredior,  3,  gressus  [gradior, 
go],  go  to ;  fall  upon,  assail, 
attack,  55.  15;  60.  25,  26,  etc. 

agito,  1,  set  in  violent  motion; 
consider,  ponder,    meditate  on, 

43-  4-.  _ 
agitator,  oris,  m.  [agito],  driver, 

53-  4- 

agmen,  inis,  N.  [ago],  thing  driven; 
line,  army,  26.  21  ;  in  agmine, 
on  the  march,  65.  2. 

agnosco,  3,  n5vi,  nitus,  recognize, 
identify,  make  out,  5.  3;  29. 
18;  31.  1,  etc. 

a£0>  3>  egl,  actus,  put  in  motion  ; 
drive,  20.  20;  24.  16;  44.  27, 
etc.  ;  do,  perform,  carry  on,  21. 
16;  28.  19;  36.  9,  etc.;  treat, 
arrange,  38.  II;  negotiate,  72. 
11  5  74*  55  act>  63.  20;  fcfef, 
make,  hold,  43.  3;  gratias  ag5, 
give  thanks,  7.  25;  spend,  live, 
pass,  annum  agens  sextum  et 
decimum,  in  his  sixteenth  year, 
58.  2. 


agricola,  ae,  m.  [ager,  colo,  culti- 
vate] ,cultivator  of  lands; farmer, 
rustic,  52.  1,  3,  15,  etc. 

aio,  defective  verb  [for  agio],  say, 
speak,  cry,  40.  1 5  ;  44.  1 1 . 

ala,  ae,  f.,  driving  thing ;  wing, 
7.  4  ;  16.  19  ;  armpit,  arm,  52. 
2. 

Alba,  ae,  F.,  Alba  Longa,  the 
mother  city  of  Rome,  33.  21. 

Albanus,  a,  um,  adj.  [Alba],  of 
Alba,  Alban,  39.  5;  as  noun, 
M.  pi.,  the  people  of  Alba,  Al- 
bans, 33.  1. 

Alcibiades,  is,  m.,  a  celebrated 
Athenian  general,  66.  1. 

alea,  ae,  f.,  game  with  dice  ;  die, 
chance,  hazard,  61.  25. 

Alexander,  dri,  m.,  Alexander 
the  Great,  king  of  Macedon 
[B.  c.  356-323],  59.  22. 

alicunde,  adv.  [aliquis,  \mde],from 
some   source,  from   somewhere, 

54.  5- 
alieno,  1  [alienus],  make  strange  ; 

pass.  w.  abl.,  have  aversion  for, 

shrink  from,  be  estranged  from, 

69.8. 
alienus,  a,  um,   adj.    [alius],   of 

another ;        another's,       other 

people's,   57.    3;   aes    alienum, 

another's  money,  i.e.,  debt,  60.  2. 
aliquamdiu     or    aliquam    diu, 

somewhat    long;    awhile,    for 

some  time,  58.  13. 
aliquando,  adv.,  at  some  time  or 

other,    58.    15;     69.    10;    once 

upon  a  time,  at  one  time,  once, 

51.  10;  55.  6. 
aliquanto,    adv.,   by  some   little, 

somewhat,  rather,  75.  3. 
aliquantum,    I,    n.    [aliquantus, 


116 


VOCABULARY. 


some],  some,  a  little,  w.  partit. 
gen.,  28.  3 ;  29.  8  ;  39.  3,  etc. 

aliqui,  qua,  quod,  indef.  adj., 
some,  any,  12.  4;  44.  19;  48. 
8,  etc. 

aliquis,  qua,  quid,  indef.  pron., 
some  one,  any  one,  something. 

aliquot,  indef.  num.  adj.,  indecl., 
some,  several,  a  few,  59.  8. 

aliter,  adv.,  in  another  manner ; 
followed  by  ac  or  at  que,  other- 
wise than,  in  a  different  way 
from,  15.  12;  30.  10. 

alius,  a,  ud,  gen.ius,  pronom.adj., 
another,  other,  else,  2.  25;  4. 
11;  5.  6;  34.  19;  48.  9557.  5, 
etc.;  alius  .  .  .  alius,  one  .  .  .  an- 
other, 35.  28  ;  38.  20 ;  aliae  alias 
in  partis,  some  in  one  direction, 
others  in  another,  18.  15. 

aid,  3,  ui,  altus  or  alitus,  feed ; 
sustain,  maintain,  keep  up,  37. 
1  ;  strengthen,  harden,  9.  1. 

Alpes,  ium,  f.,  the  Alps  moun- 
tains, 59.  12. 

alter,  era,  erum,  gen.  ius,  pro- 
nom.  adj.,  one  of  two,  3.  2,  5; 
a  second,  39.  7  ;  61.  17;  alter 
.  .  .  alter,  one  .  .  .  the  other,  2. 
1,  2  ;  27.  17,  18  ;  39.  10,  1 1,  etc. 

altus,  a,  um,  adj.,  grown;  high, 
elevated,  lofty,  42.  15  ;  48.  16 ; 
54.  5;  as  noun,  N.,  sea,  deep, 
25.  8 ;  62.  8 ;  superl.  altissi- 
mus,  46.  7. 

alveus,  1,  m.  [alvus,  belly],  hol- 
low ;  tub,  trough,  33.  6. 

ambitio,  onis,  f.  [ambio],  going 
about;  ambition,  desire  for 
honor,  59.  14. 

ambo,  ae,  6,  adj.,  both,  the  two, 
43-  19- 


amentia,  ae,  f.  [amens,  out  of 
one's  senses],  madness,  frenzy, 
16.  14;  24.  6. 

amicitia,  ae,  f.  [amicus],  friend- 
ship, alliance,  league,  69.  2,  16  ; 
70.  9,  etc. 

amicus,  a,  um,  adj.,  loving, 
friendly,  favorable,  69.  7  ; 
superl.,  58.   12. 

amicus,  I,  m.  [amicus],  loved  one  ; 
friend,  2.  6,  16 ;  26.  19,  etc. 

amitto,  3,  misi,  missus,  send 
away  ;  let  slip,  lose,  be  bereft  of, 
2.  16;  3.  3,  4,  etc. 

amo,  1,  love;  like,  be  fond  of 

amor,  oris,  m.,  loving ;  love,  es- 
teem, passion,  31.  13  ;  39.  22. 

amoved,  2,  movi,  motus,  move 
away;  take  away,  remove, 
withdraw,  21.  22 ;  22.  8;  24.  8. 

amplector,  3,  exus  [plecto,  twist], 
twist  around ;  embrace,  40.  1  ; 
surround,  play  about,  43.  25. 

amplio,  1  [amplus],  widen;  in- 
crease, enlarge,  63.  9. 

amplissimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl. 
of  amplus,  of  large  extent; 
noble,  distinguished,  glorious, 
66.  5. 

amplius,  indecl.  [n.  comp.  of 
amplus],  more;  as  adv.,  more, 
further,  in  addition,  besides,  75. 
6 ;  w.  numerals,  more  than,  63. 
27. 

Anralius,  1,  M.,  son  of  Procas  and 
brother  of  Numitor,  33.  1. 

an,  conj.,  in  indir.  question, 
whether,  if;  or,  20.  25. 

ancile,  is,  N.,  curved  thing; 
sacred  shield,  shield,  37.  11, 
14. 

ancilla,    ae,     f.,    dim.    [ancula, 


VOCABULARY. 


117 


attendant],  handmaid,  maid- 
servant, 46.  19;  53.  12. 

ancora,  ae,  f.,  anchor,  5.  12;  7. 
16;  12.  15,  etc.  ;  in  ancoris,  at 
anchor,  5.  13. 

Ancus,  T,  m.,  Ancus  Martins, 
fourth  king  of  Rome,  41.  6. 

Andocides,  is,  m.,  an  Athenian 
orator,  67.  9. 

anguis,  is,  m.  and  f.,  serpent, 
snake,  52.  1,3;  56.  3,  etc. 

angustiae,  arum,  f.  [angustus, 
narrow],  narrowness,  small- 
ness,  34.  17. 

anima,  ae,  f.,  air,  breath  ;  life, 
spirit;  w.  efrl5,  give  up  the  ghost, 
die,  53.  4. 

animadverts,  3,  tl,  sus,  direct 
the  mind ;  observe,  notice,  per- 
ceive, see,  20.  2,  9  ;  21.  19,  etc. 

animus,  I,  m.,  the  rational  soul 
(cf.  anima,  physical  life) ; 
mind,  heart,  11.  24  ;  21.  9;  22. 
17,  etc. ;  heart,  sympathy,  feel- 
ings, spirit,  12.  18  ;  13.  20;  38. 
17,  etc.;  courage,  22.  1 ;  nature, 
disposition,  45.  5;  in  animo 
esse  or  habere,  have  a  purpose, 
intend,  2.  5;  16.  2;  31.  n,  etc. 

annalis,  is,  m.  [annus],  record  of 
events,  chronicles,  46.  27. 

annus,  1,  m.,  that  which  goes 
round ;  year,  2.  3,  21  ;  17.  1, 
etc. 

ante,  adv.,  before  ;  of  time,  before, 
previously,  40.  2  ;  70.  1  ;  12.  17 ; 
as  prep.  w.  ace,  before,  in  front 
^57-3  5  67.  9  5  of  time,  5.  13; 
9.  16,  etc. 

antea,  adv.,  before,  formerly ,  pre- 
viously, 22.  2,  22  ;  23.   2,  etc. 

antecedo,  3,  cessi, — ,go  before; 


surpass  i    excel,     73.     14.       Cf. 

antecello,  9.  5. 
antecello,  3,  — ,  —  ,be  prominent; 

excel,  surpass,  be  superior  (to), 

w.  ace,  g.  5.    Cf.  antecedo,  73. 

14. 
ante-eo,  Ire,  ivi  or   il,  — ,  go  be- 
fore ;  march  before,  go   ahead, 

65.  2. 
antequam,  or  ante  quam,  adv., 

sooner  than,  before,  7.  21  ;  18. 

8  ;  21.  17,  etc. 
antiquus,    a,  um,   adj.,    ancient, 

former,  of  old  times,  46.  27. 
Antonius,  T,  m.,  Marcus  Antonius, 

a  distinguished  Roman,  63.  23. 
antrum,  1,  N.,  cavern,   cave,    19. 

23;  20.  4,  22,  etc. 
anulus,  1,  m.,  dim.  [anus,  ring], 

little  ring ;  finger   ring,   ring, 

35.  i_7 • 
anus,  us,  f.,  old  woman,  sibyl,  46. 

28  ;  47.  4,  8. 
anxietas,  atis,  f.  [anxius],  solici- 
tude, anxiety,  28.  22. 
anxius,    a,    um,     adj.,     choked; 

troubled,  solicitous,  anxiotis,  1 1 . 

24  ;  25.  2  ;  28.  20,  etc. 
aperid,  4,  ui,  pertus,  uncover,  open, 

unclose;    disclose,    unfold,   73. 

24  ;  open,  found,  establish,  35. 

3;  p.  apertus,  opened,  open,  9. 

11;  11.  19;  37.  19;  54.  11. 
Apollonius,   1,  m.,  an  orator  at 

Rhodes  in  the  time  of  Caesar, 

58.   19- 
appareo,  2,  ui,  iturus,  appear ;  be 

clear,  plain,  or  evident,  67.  10. 
apparo,    1,  prepare,  make  ready, 

67.  6. 
appello,  3,  pull,  pulsus,  drive  to, 

18.    18  ;   w.   navem,    bring  in, 


118 


VOCABULARY. 


put  in,  land,  6.  2,  16  ;  8.  3  ; 
19.  20,  etc. 

appello,  1,  address ;  call,  name, 
term,  2.  2  ;  4.  18  ;  6.  10,  etc. 

Apenmnus,  1,  m.,  mountain  sum- 
mit;  the  Apennines,  63.  15. 

appeto,  3,  IvI  and  il,  Itus,  seek  for  ; 
intr.,  be  at  .hand,  draw  near, 
approach,  4.6;  long  for,  desire, 
54.  6. 

appono,  3,  posul,  positus,  put  to ; 
set  before,  serve  to,  w.  dat,  6. 
12,  25;  28.  14,  etc. 

apporto,  1,  carry  to  ;  bring  along, 
bring,  73.  10. 

apprehendo,  3,  di,  ensus,  seize ; 
take  hold  of,  seize,  grasp,  64.  II. 

appropinquo,  1,  come  near  to; 
draw  near,  approach,  w.  dat., 
and  ad,  7.  17;  11.  18;  27.  6, 
etc.     Cf.  acced5  and  adeo. 

appuli.     See  appello. 

apte,  adv.  [aptus],yfr/y;  rightly, 
properly,  42.  12. 

aptus,  a,  um,  adj.,  fitted;  suited, 
ready,  adapted,  66.  6. 

apud,  prep.  w.  ace,  with;  with, 
among,  on  the  side  of  3.  1  ;  38. 
9,  10,  etc.  ;  among,  in  the  eyes 
of,  40.  10  ;  72.  20;  in  the  pres- 
ence of,  before,  3g.  26 ;  48.  1 1  ; 
at  the  house  of,  31.  14,  17  ;  46. 
14,  etc.  ;  at,  near,  59.  22 ;  69. 
19,  24,  etc. 

aqua,  ae,  f.,  water,  waters, 
stream,  5.  14,  16;  14.  25,  etc. 

aquila,  ae,  f.,  eagle,  42.  It. 

aquilifer,  eri,  m.  [aquila;  fero, 
bear],  eagle-bearer,  standard- 
bearer,  61.  3. 

ara,  ae,  F.,  raised  place ;  altar, 
36.  26;  37.  1. 


arbiter,  tri,  m.,  he  who  is  present ; 

witness,  hearer,  37.  27. 
arbitrium,   1,  n.    [arbiter],  judg- 
ment; authority,  will,  pleasure, 

60.  16;  71.  11. 
arbitror,  1    [arbiter],  testify;   be 

of  an  opinion,  believe,  consider, 

think,  4.   12;  5.  4;  12.  16,  etc. 
arbor,  oris,  f.,  thing  grown  ;  tree, 

11.  12,  15,  17,  etc. 
Arcadia,  ae,  f.,  a  state  of  central 

Peloponnesus,  74.  18. 
arceo,  2,  ui,  — ,  shut  in  ;  keep  off, 

hinder,  33.  17;  49.  5. 
arcessd,    3,   Ivi,   Itus,    causative 

[accedo],  cause  to  come;  sum- 
mon, send  for,  call,  3.   14;  40. 

13  ;  62.  4.     Cf.  acrid,  36.  24, 

and  advoco,  45.  9. 
Ardea,  ae,  f.,  heron;  chief  city 

of  the  Rutuli,  46.  12. 
ardeo,  2,  si,  sus,  be  on  fi re  ;  burn, 

18.  12.     Cf.  the  trans.  accendS, 

20.  22. 
argentum,   I,  n.,  shining  thing ; 

silver,  26.  19. 
Argo,  us,  ace.  Argo,  f.,  Jason's 

ship,  10.  23. 
Argonautae,    arum,    m.   [nauta], 

Argonauts,  crew  of  the  Argo, 

4.  18. 
arguo,  3,    ui,   utus,  make  clear ; 

declare,  prove,  charge,  71.  19. 
Argus,  I,  m.,  the  builder  of  the 

Argo,  3.  22. 
aries,  ietis,  m.,  ram,  14.  23 ;  15.  1. 
arma,  orum,  N.,  things  fitted  (to 

any  purpose)  ;  arms,  weapons, 

armor,   5.    4,    7  ;    9.    3,    etc. ; 

arms,  fighting,  40.  27. 
Armenia,   ae,   f.,   a  country  of 

Asia  Minor,  63.  17. 


VOCABULARY. 


119 


armilla,  ae,  f.  [arm us,  shoulder], 

bracelet,  armlet,  35.  17. 
anno,    1    [arma],  furnish    with 

weapons  ;  equip,  arm,  rouse  to 

arms,  3.  21  ;  9.  21,  24,  etc. 
aro,  1,  plough,  till,  8.   14  ;  9.  8, 

15,  etc. 
ars,    artis,   f.,    skill  in  joining ; 

art,  skill,  cunning,  11.  14;  16. 

4  ;  20.  2,  etc. 
arvum,     I,    n.     [n.     of    arvus, 

ploughed],      that      has      been 

ploughed;   field,    56.     6;    pi., 

fields,  lands.     Cf.  ager. 
arx,    arcis,    f.,    enclosing  thing; 

citadel,  stronghold,  35.  14,  18. 
ascendo,     3,     di,    scensus    [ad, 

scando,   climb],     climb    upon; 

go  on  board,  embark,  68.  13. 
Asia,    ae,    f.,   Asia    Minor,    44. 

21. 

asinus,  I,  m.,  ass,  50.  6 ;  52.  7, 
12,  etc. 

aspergo,  3,  ersi,  ersus  [ad,  spargo, 
scatter],  stain,  taint,  cover,  67. 
22. 

aspici5,  3,  exi,  ectus,  look  at; 
look  on,  behold,  espy,  see,  9.15; 
56.  13- 

astO,  1,  iti,  —  ,  stand  at,  take  po- 
sition near,  23.  21  ;  be  at  hand, 

54-  I- 
astu,  n.,  indecl.,  city,  71.  1.     Cf. 

urbs. 
asylum,   T,   n.,  place  of   refuge, 

asylum,  sanctuary,  34.  22  ;  35. 

3- 

at,  conj.,  but  (introducing  a  con- 
trast with  what  precedes),  2. 
3;  4.  22;  6.  25,  etc. 

A-thenae,  arum,  f.,  Athens,  in 
Attica,  16.  21. 


Atheniensis,  e,  adj.  [Athenae], 
Athenian,  66.  I. 

atque  or  ac,  conj.,  and,  also,  g. 
6;  14.  15;  16.  13,  etc.;  than, 
15.  12;  30.  n  ;  44.  2  ;  as,  30. 
3  ;  70.  14;  71.  4 ;  w.  simul,  as 
soon  as,  6.    16,  25;  20.  17,  etc. 

atqui,    conj.,    but   yet,  however, 

43.  4- 

atrium,  I,  N.,  room  which  con- 
tains the  hearth  ;  main  hall, 
chief  room,  30.  25. 

atrox,  ocis,  adj.  [ater,  black], 
disagreeable  to  behold ;  cruel, 
savage,  barbarous,  39.  25. 

attendo,  3,  tendi,  tentus,  stretch 
toward  ;  w.  animum,  give  atten- 
tion, consider,  give  heed,  69.  14. 

attentus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of 
attends],  attentive,  intent,  47. 
12. 

Attica,  ae,  f.,  a  state  of  eastern 
Greece,  69.  2. 

attingo,  3,  tigi,  tact  us  [tango, 
touch],  touch  upon;  arrive  at, 
reach,  4.  20  ;  5.  13;  51.  4. 

attuli.     See  adfero. 

Attus,  i,  M.,  Attus  /Vavius,  a 
soothsayer  in  the  reign  of  Tar- 
quinius  Priscus,  42.  24. 

auctoritas,  atis,  f.  [auctor,  pro- 
ducer], production  ;  influence, 
weight,  authority, power,  37.  23 ; 
42.  25;  67.  3. 

auctus.     See  augeo. 

audacia,  ae,  f.  [audax],  boldness, 
daring,  audacity,  insolence,  42. 

3;  62.  5- 
audax,    acis,  adj.,  daring ;  bold, 

rash,  presumptuous,  48.  4  ;  51. 

16. 
audeo,  2,  ausus  sum,  dare,   ven- 


120 


VOCABULARY. 


ture,  have  the  boldness,  36.  3  ; 

49.  12;  74.  13. 

audio,  4,  hear,  2.  10  ;  6.  16  ;  8. 
5,  etc. ;  listen  to,  regard,  receive, 
35.  1  ;  w.  dictd,  foil,  by  dat., 
obey,  44.  13. 

aufero,  ferre,  abstuli,  ablatus, 
bear  arvay  ;  take  away,  remove, 
snatch,  2.  8 ;  5.2256.  13  ;  etc. ; 
pass.,  disappear,  36.  14;  37.  12. 

aufugid,  3,  fugi, — ,  flee  away  ; 
flee,  run,  7.  6  ;  39.  3. 

augeo,  2,  auxi,  auctus,  cause  to 
grow;  enlarge,  increase,  build 
up,  add  to,  33.  16;  38.  3;  40.  25. 

augur,  uris,  m.  and  f.  [avis],  ob- 
server of  birds  ;  diviner,  sooth- 
sayer, augur,  42.  25  ;  43.  6. 

augurium,  1,  n.  [augur],  obser- 
vance of  omens  from  birds; 
divination,     augury,      34.   15  ; 

43-  3- 

augustior,  ius,  gen.  oris,  adj., 
comp.  of  augustus,  a,  um,  in- 
creased;  {more)  majestic,  noble, 
venerable,  36.  18. 

aura,  ae,  f.,  air,  29.  26. 

aureus,  a,  um,  adj.  [aurum],  of 
gold,  golden,  3.  10;  8.  5;  IX. 
21,  etc. 

auris,  is,  f.,  hearing  thing ;  ear, 

50.  8. 

aurum,  T,  w.,gold,  26.  18;  50.  13. 

auspicium,  I,  n.  [auspex,  one  who 

divines  by  the  flight  of  birds], 


examination  of  birds ;  augury, 

auspices,  34.  13. 
aut,   conj.,  or,  54.    22;    72.  12; 

74.  7,  etc. ;  aut  .  .  .  aut,  either 

.  .  .  or,  4.   8  ;  64.   24;  71.    17, 

etc. 
autem,   conj.  (postpos.),  but,  on 

the  other  hand,  now,  moreover, 

2.    25;  4.    9,  etc.  ;  however,  3. 

15;  5-  8,  19,  etc. 
auxerunt     and     auxere.        See 

augeo. 
auxilior,  1   [auxilium],  give  help, 

aid,  assist,  succor,  25.  4. 
auxilium,  I,  N.,  increasing ;  help, 

aid,   assistance,    6.    19 ;  7.    25, 

26,  etc. 
aveho,  3,  vexi,  vectus,  carry  off, 

take  away,  11.  4. 
Aventinus,    a,   um,  adj.,  of  Mt. 

Aventine,  one  of  the  seven  hills 

of  Rome,  37.  5. 
avertd,    3,    ti,    sus,   turn    from, 

cause  to  withdraw,  69.  4  ;  turn 

aside,,  ward  off;  w.  se,  be  off one 's 

guard,  43.  18. 
avidus,    a,    um,     adj.,     longing, 

greedy,  eager,  59.  16. 
avis,  is,  F.,  bird,  48.   13  ;  54.  9  ; 

hence  sign,  omen,  43.  1. 
avolo,  1,  avi,  aturus,  fly  away ; 

hasten  off,  hurry,    46.  17  ;  56. 

21. 
avus,  i,  M.,  grandfather,  33.  20  ; 

34.8;  41.8. 


baculum,    1,     n.,     walking-stick,    Bagaeus,  I,  m.,  brother  of  Pharna- 
staff,  cane,  28.    17;  29.    13,  22,         bazus,  74.  9. 
etc.  barbarus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  strange 


VOCABULARY. 


121 


speech;  as  noun,  m.,  barbarian, 
foreigner,  71.  28  ;  74.  21. 

beatitudo,  inis,  f.  [beatus],  hap- 
piness, 52.  13. 

beatus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  beo, 
make  happy],  made  happy; 
happy,  fortunate,  52.7. 

bellicosus,  a,  um,  adj.  [bellum], 
full  of  war  ;  given  to  fighting, 
•warlike,  valiant,  40.  27. 

bello,  1  [bellum],  wage  war, 
carry  on  war,  war,  61.  20. 

bellum,  1,  n.  [for  duellum],  con- 
test between  two;  war,  17.  2  ; 
18.  1,  9,  etc.;  loc.  belli,  in  the 
field,  abroad,  71.  II. 

bene,  adv.  [bonus],  well,  2.  13; 
3.  15;  7.  22,  etc. 

beneficium,I,N.[bene,  facio],  well- 
doing ;  kindness,  service,  bless- 
ing, 7.  8 ;  23.  8 ;  26.  9,  etc. 

benevolentia,  ae,  f.  [benevolens, 
well-wishing],  favor,  friend- 
ship, 46.  1  ;  70.  27. 

benigne,  adv.  [benlgnus,  kind],  in 
a  kindly  manner  ;  courteously, 
kindly,  with  friendliness,  30. 
3  ;  35.  1  ;  46.  1. 

benignitas,  atis,  f.  [benlgnus, 
kind],  kindness,  friendliness, 
courtesy,  28.  9. 

bestia,  ae,  f.,  beast,  animal,  50. 
6;  54.  21. 

bibliotheca,  ae,  f.,  library,  collec- 
tion of  books,  63.  13. 

bibd,  3,  bibi,  — ,  drink,  swallow, 
23.  1  ;  28.  15. 

Bibulus,  I,  m.,  Marcus  Bibulus, 


Caesar's  colleague  in  the  con- 
sulship, 60.  1. 

Bizanthe,  es,  f.,  a  town  and  for- 
tress on  the  Chersonesus,  71. 
27. 

blanditia,  ae,  f.  [blandus],  a 
caressing ;  flattery,  54.  14 ; 
pleasantry,  46.  2. 

blandus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  smooth 
tongue;  flattering,  agreeable, 
54.  7  ;  66.  12. 

Boeotii,  orum,  m.,  the  people  of 
Boeotia  in   Greece,  Boeotians, 

75-  ii- 

bonus,  a,  um,  good ;  as  noun,  n., 
good  thing  or  quality,  good,  48. 
8,  14;  50.  5,  etc.,  property,  58. 
5;  68.  19;  71.  5. 

bos,  bovis,  f.,  cow;  pi.,  cattle,  44. 
24,  26,  27,  etc. 

bracchium  (brachium),!,  n.,  fore- 
arm, lower  arm,  arm,  64.  14. 

brevis,  e,  adj.,  short,  small,  little, 
2.  15;  8.  1 ;  15.  1,  etc. 

Britanni,  orum,  m.,  people  of 
Britain ;  Britons,  British,  60. 
26. 

Brundisium,  I,  n.,  a  seaport  in 
southeastern  Italy,  61.  27. 

Brutus,  1,  M.,  Marcus  Brutus,  a 
friend  of  Caesar  but  a  con- 
spirator against  him,  63.  28. 

bulla,  ae,  f.,  medal,  amulet 
(worn  by  boys  of  free  birth), 
43-  8. 

Byzantium,  1,  n.,  a  Thracian  city 
on  the  Bosporus,  70.  8. 


122 


VOCABULARY. 


C.,  abbreviation  forGaius  (Caius). 
cado,    3,    cecid!,     casurus,   fall 

down  ;  fall,  fall  dead,  be  slain, 

35.  25;   38.  21. 

caecus,  a,  um,  adj.,  blind,  6.  6; 

23.  19- 
caedes,  is,  f.,  a  cutting ;  slaughter, 

murder,  40.  5. 
caedo,  3,  cecidl,  caesus,  cut ;  cut, 

chop,  53.  18 ;  kill,  slay,  39.  29. 
caelestis,    e,   adj.    [caelum],    of 

heaven  ;  of  the  skies,  heavenly, 

divine,  42.  13. 
Caelius,  I,  m.,    Mt.   Caelius,  one 

of  the  hills  of  Rome,  40.  23. 
caelum,  1,  n.   [for  cavilum],  hol- 
low  thing ;    heavens,   sky,    35. 

29;  37.  4,  11. 
Caesar,    aris,    m.,    Caius  fulius 

Caesar  [B.C.  100-44],  58.  I. 
Caius,  I,  If.,  Caius  or  Gaius.    See 

Caesar. 
Calais,  only  nom.,  an  Argonaut, 

son  of  the  North  Wind,  7.  3. 
calamitas,  atis,  f.,  loss  ;  injury, 

disaster,     misfortune,     29.    17. 

Cf.  casus,  12.  4. 
calceus,  i,  m.,  covering ;  shoe,  2. 

21  j  3.  2,4. 
calefacio,    3,   feci,  f actus,  make 

warm  ;  heat,  make  hot,  23.  13. 
callidissime,     adv.,    superl.     of 

callide     [callidus],    most    skil- 
fully, shrewdly,  craftily,  66.  12. 
callidus,    a,    um,    adj.     [called, 

know  by  experience},  practiced  ; 

shrewd,  cunning,  crafty,  44.  28. 
Calpurnia,  ae,  f.,  wife  of  Caesar 

at  the  time  of  his  death,  64.  2. 


calvitium,  1,  n.  [calvus],  bald- 
ness, 64.  21. 

calvus,  a,  um,  adj.,  hairless; 
bald,  64.  21. 

Campanus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  Cam- 
pania, Ca7tipanian,  60.  8. 

campus,  I,  M.,  digged place  ;  field, 
plain,  36.  12  ;  4g.  1.     Cf.  ager. 

cancer,  cri,  m.,  crab,  sea-crab,  49. 
14;  56.  12. 

canis,  is,  m.  and  F.,  dog,  hound, 
49.  4  ;  56.  2,  7. 

cano,  3,  cecini,  — ,  utter  musical 
sounds  ;  sing,  chant,  37.  16. 

canto,  1  [cano],  sing,  chant,  14. 
26. 

cantus,  us,  M.,  singing,  song,  48. 
J3;  54-  9>  »  5  crowing,  53.  13. 

capesso,  3,  IvI  (il),  Iturus  [capi5], 
seize  eagerly ;  w.  fugam,  take  to 
flight,  begin  to  run,  39.  1. 

capio,  3,  cepi,  captus,  take  ;  take, 
get,  receive,  have,  26.  15  ;  29. 
22  ;  49.  7,  etc.  ;  take  prisoner, 
seize,  capture,  13.  2;  18.  1,7, 
etc. ;  choose,  40.  24  ;  take  up, 
seize,  38.  14;  take,  form,  con- 
ceive, make,  13.  5  ;  16.  4  ;  22. 
17  ;  gain  over,  win,  73.  13 ; 
viam  capi5,  make  way,  go,  11. 
10. 

Capitolium,  I,  n.,  Capitol,  the 
citadel  of  Rome,  35.  16 ;  59.  27. 

capra,  ae,  f.,  she-goat,  48.  16; 
49.  25.54.  T5  5  Caprae  palus, 
Goafs  Marsh,  36.  12. 

captiva,  ae,  f.  [captlvus,  taken 
prisoner},  captured  woman ; 
female  captive,  43.  22. 


VOCABULARY. 


123 


captus,  T,  m.  [p.  of  capi5],  one 
taken  ;  captive,  prisoner,  70.  9. 

caput,  itis,  n.,  head,6.  9;  28.  17  ; 
30.  8,  etc. ;  gen.  w.  damno,  to 
death,  68.  18. 

career,  eris,  m.,  prison,  jail,  25. 
22;  42.  2. 

carica,  ae,  f.  [Caria],  Carian  fig, 
dried  fig,  55.  I. 

carissimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl. 
of  cams,  dear;  dearest,  most 
beloved,  75.   19. 

caritas,  atis,  f.  [carus,  dear], 
affection,  love,  69.  10  ;  72.  4. 
Cf.  amor,  31.  13. 

carmen,  inis,  n.,  singing ;  song, 
chant,  14.  26  ;  28.  6 ;  charm, 
incantation,  29.  21.  Cf.  can- 
tus,  48.  13. 

card,  carnis,  v.,  flesh,  21.  8  ;  22.  7. 

carpentum,  I,  N.,  covered  chariot, 
carriage,  42.  11  ;  45.  13,  17. 

carpo,  3,  psi,  ptus,  pick ;  pluck, 
cull,  gather,  8.  25. 

Casca,  ae,  m.,  one  of  the  con- 
spirators against  Caesar,  64. 
12. 

casa,  ae,  f.,  sheltering  thing ; 
small  house,  hut,  cabin,  33.  14; 
74.  14. 

caseus,  I,  m.,  cheese,  54.  5,  6,  12. 

Cassius,  I,  m.,  one  of  the  con- 
spirators against  Caesar,  63. 
27. 

castellum,  I,  n.  [castrum],  castle  ; 
fort,  fortress,  stronghold,  71.  26. 

Castor,  oris,  m.,  son  of  Tyndarus 
and  Leda;  twin  brother  of 
Pollux,  4.  10. 

castrum,  I,  n.,  fortified  place ; 
castle,  fortress,  73.  15;  com- 
monly  pi.,  castra,  5rum,  mili- 


tary camp,   camp,  46.    13;  62. 

6;  72.  25. 
casus,  us,  M.,  a  falling ;  chance, 

happening,   emergency,  4.    15; 

casu,   by   chance,    16.  23  ;  mis- 
fortune, calamity,  disaster,   12. 

4;  38.  21;  71.  2.    Cf.  calami- 
ties. 
Cato,  onis,   M.,    Marcus   Porcius 

Cato,  an  enemy  of  Caesar,  64. 

27. 
catulus,  I,  m.,  dim.  [catus,  cat], 

small  cat ;  whelp, young,  33. 12. 
Cauda,  ae,  f.,  tail,  7.  20. 
causa,     ae,     f.,     cause,     motive, 

reason,   2.  12,   18  ;  3.   19,  etc.  ; 

cause,  case,  story,  40.  5  ;  44.  28  ; 

68.  10  ;  causa  as  prep.  w.  gen., 

on  account  of  for  the  purpose 

of  20.   26;  25.   4;  27.  8,  etc. 
caveo,  2,  cavi,  cautus,  be  on  one's 

guard;      beware      of,      guard 

against,  w.  ace,  2.  21  ;  51.  n  ; 

64.  4,  etc. 
cedo,  3,  cessi,   cessus,  go  from ; 

withdraw,  give  way,  leave  the 

helm,  62.  11. 
celer,  eris,    ere,  adj.,  urged  on; 

swift,    speedy,    quick,    prompt, 

35-  20. 
celeritas,   atis,  F.    [celer],    swift- 
ness, quickness,  speed,  7.  14,  23  ; 

12.  25,  etc. 
celeriter,  adv.    [celer],    quickly, 

speedily,  in  haste,  promptly,  52. 

20 ;    compar.    celerius,    rather 

quickly,  50.  7  ;  quam  celerrime, 

as  quickly   as  possible,    2.   18  ; 

10.  23;  11.  22,  etc. 
celo,  1,    hide  from;  keep   secret, 

cover,  conceal,   11.    8  ;  20.    19, 

24,  etc. 


124 


VOCABULARY 


cena,  ae,  f.,  principal  meal; 
dinner,  6.  25;  21.  12  ;  30.  4. 

cenaculum,  I,  n.  [cena],  dining- 
room,  usually  in  upper  story, 
7.  1. 

ceno,  1  [cena],  dine,  take  dinner, 
22.  22  ;  46.  14. 

censed,  2,  ui,  nsus,  estimate;  be 
of  opinion,  think,  decide,  9.  6; 
12.   5. 

censor,  oris,  m.,  title  of  a  Roman 
magistrate  who  exercised  gen- 
eral control  over  public  morals ; 
critic,    severe  judge  of  morals, 

57-  5- 

census,  us,  m.  [censeo],  register- 
ing by  censors ;  list  of  citizens, 
census,  44.  17. 

Centaurus,  I,  m.,  Centaur,  a  fabu- 
lous creature,  half  man,  half 
horse,  3.  I. 

centum,  num.  adj.,  indecl.,  one 
hundred,  36.  8. 

centuria,  ae,  f.  [centum],  division 
of  a  hundred ;  century,  36.  10  ; 
42.  23;  44.  17. 

cerno,  3,  crevi,  certus,  separate  ; 
perceive,      tinder  stand,     decide, 

73-  "« 

certamen,  inis,  n.  [certo,  con- 
tend^, decisive  contest;  contest, 
competition,  match,  33.  15;  40. 
II  j  struggle,  battle,  35.  22; 
38.  9. 

certatim,  adv.  [certo,  contend], 
striving  with  one  another ;  in 
rivalry,  vigorously,  earnestly, 
eagerly,  43.  16. 

certus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  cern5], 
separated  ;  certain,  definite,  un- 
mistakable, 37.  7  ;  certain,  par- 
ticular,   73.    27  ;  fixed,  2.    23  ; 


3.  20;  63.  II;  pro  certo,  cer- 
tainly, 13.  10  ;  certiorem  facio, 
inform,  6.  4;  30.  20;  31.  3, 
etc.    . 

cessd,  1,  freq.  [cedo],  cease ;  de- 
lay, 62.  4. 

ceterus,  a,  um,  adj.;  the  other; 
pi.,  the  others,  the  rest,  23.  25  ; 
46.  20  ;  73.  26. 

cibus,  T,  M.,food,  nourishment,  6. 
12  ;  7.  1  ;  19.  2,  etc. 

Cinna,  ae,  m.,  father  of  Cornelia, 
Caesar's  wife,  58.  3. 

circa,  prep.  w.  ace,  about,  among, 
through,  34.  25;  about,  round, 
44.  16  ;  74.  14  ;  as  adv.,  round 
about,  in  the  vicinity,  37.  20. 

Circaeus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  Circe, 
Circe's,  31.  8. 

Circe,  ae  or  es,  f.,  an  enchan- 
tress, daughter  of  the  Sun, 
27.  7. 

circiter,  adv.  [circus],  about,  not 
far  from,  3.  24;  74.  27. 

circumdo,  1,  dedi,  datus,  place 
round ;  surround,  build  round, 
encircle,  enclose,  42.  4,  23. 

circumsisto,  3,  stetl  or  stiti,  — , 
take  a  stand  around ;  stand 
around, surround,"^.  24;  64.9. 

circumvenio,  4,  veni,  ventus, 
come  around;  surround,  en- 
compass, 40.  16;  52.   10. 

Circus,  I,  M.,  circular  line  ;  race- 
course, especially  the  Circus 
Maximus  (an  oval  track  be- 
tween the  Palatine  and  Aven- 
tine  hills,  with  room  for  100,000 
spectators),  42.  21. 

citharoedus,  I,  m.,  one  who  sings 
to  the  accompaniment  of  the 
cithara  or  lute,  harpist,  4.  10. 


VOCABULARY. 


125 


cito,  i,  freq.  [cieo,  stir],  put  into 
quick  motion;  urge,  spur  on, 
46.  16. 

Civilis,  e,  adj.  [civis],  of  citizens ; 
popular,  civil,  63.  1,  n. 

Civis,  is,  M.  and  f.,  dweller  ;  citi- 
zen, fellow-citizen,  15.  17  ;  37. 
29 ;  40.  10,  etc. 

Civitas,  atis,  F.  [civis],  condition 
of  a  citizen  ;  community,  state, 
37.  20;  38.  1,  3,  etc. 

clades,  is,  f.,  destruction,  loss,  de- 
feat, 60.  25. 

clam,  adv.  and  prep.:  as  adv., 
secretly,  62.  6  ;  68.  16;  73.  23, 
etc.;  as  prep.  w.  abl.,  without 
the  knowledge  of,  unknown  to, 
8.  23. 

clamito,  1,  freq.  [clamo],  cry 
aloud ;  bawl,  shout,  ig.  11  ; 
35-  26. 

clamo,  1,  call,  cry  out,  shout,  64. 
12. 

clamor,  oris,  m.,  calling;  shout- 
ing, shouts,  noise,  shriek,  cry, 
23.  17,  20,  23,  etc. 

clandestinus,  a,  urn,  adj.  [clam], 
secret,  hidden,  42.  I. 

clangor,  oris,  m.,  calling ;  noise, 
sound,  42.  12. 

clarus,  a,  um,  adj.,  clear,  loud, 
53.  21  ;  distinguished,  famous, 
eminent ;  superl.,  58.  19. 

classis,  is,  F.,  calling ;  class 
(great  division  of  people  ac- 
cording to  property),  44.  17; 
fleet,  59.  6,  7;  62.  2,  etc. 

claudo,  3,  si,  sus,  shut;  close, 
shut,  37.  20;  46.  25. 

dementia,  ae,  f.  [clemens,  mild], 
mildness,  moderation,  mercy, 
kindness,  70.  9 ;  74.  8. 


CHnias,  ae,  m.,  father  of  Alci- 
biades,  66.  1. 

coactus.     See  cogo. 

(coepio),  3,  coepi,  coeptus  [for 
coapiS],  lay  hold  of;  make  a 
beginning,  begin,  commence,  9. 
15;  10.  13;  12.  3,  etc. 

coerced,  2,  cul,  citus  [arce5],  en- 
close together;  keep  back,  re- 
strain, check,  63.  17. 

COgitatio,  dnis,  f.  [cogito],  think- 
ing;  thought,  resolution, project, 
plan,  42.  16;  73.  19.  Cf. 
consilium. 

COgito,  1  [agit5],  consider  thor- 
oughly ;  ponder,  weigh,  reflect 
upon,  22.  17. 

cognomen,  inis,  n.,  surname, 
second  name,  60.  19. 

COgndscd,  3,  gnovl,  gnitus,  become 
acquainted  with;  learn,  ascer- 
tain, find  out,  know,  5.  14,  27  ; 
6.  5,  etc. 

c5g0,  3,  egl,  actus  [ago],  drive 
together;  drive,  urge,  compel, 
force,  53.  9;  58.  9;  68.  20,  etc. 
Cf.  compell5,  33.  20. 

Colchl,  orum,  M.,  inhabitants  of 
Colchis,  Colchians,  8.  2. 

Colchis,  idis,  f.,  a  district  east  of 
the  Black  Sea,  3.  9. 

Collatia,  ae,  f.,  a  Sabine  town 
near  Rome,  46.  18. 

Collatinus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  Col- 
latia.    See  Tarquinius,  46.  13. 

collis,  is,  M.,  elevation ;  hill, 
mount,  36.  21  ;  40.  14. 

collum,  1,  N.,  neck,  51.  20. 

COlo,  3,  ul,  cultus,  till ;  cultivate, 
devote  oneself  to, follow, practice, 
36.  20 ;  59.  20 ;  worship,  36. 
22  ;  dwell  in,  inhabit,  5.  19. 


126 


VOCABULARY. 


color,   oris,  m.,    color,   hue,   tint, 

16.5. 
columba,  ae,  f.,  dove,  7.  18. 
comes,  itis,   m.   and  f.,  one  who 
goes   with  ;  companion,  friend, 
associate,  attendant,  5.    18,  23 ; 
53.  9,  etc. 
c5mitas,    atis,   f.     [comis,  cour- 
teous^,      courtesy,       kindness, 
gentleness,  59.  1. 
Comitium,  1,  N.,  a  co?ning together 7 
place  for  the  assembly  of   the 
Romans  when  voting  by  curiae, 
59-  27. 
commendatid,    onis,     f.     [com- 
mends,   commit],    entrusting; 
excellence,     worth,     attraction, 
66.  9. 
commigro,    1,   entirely   remove; 

remove  (to),  enter,  42.  10. 
COmminiscor,  3,  mentus,  devise, 

invent,  contrive,  66.  21. 
committo,  3,  misl,  missus,  bring 
together;  consign,   deliver,   en- 
trust, 3.  10;  29.  2. 
COmmoror,  1,  delay,  linger,  wait, 

4.  14,  21  ;  25.  25. 
commoveS,  2,  m5vT,  motus,  put 
in  violent  motion  ;  move,  excite, 
disturb,  provoke,  8.  6  ;  10.  17  ; 
16.  2,  etc.  ;  alarm,  30.  23;  74. 
4  ;  move,  induce,  influence,  lead, 
16.  18. 
communio,  ^fortify  on  all  sides, 

intrench,  barricade,  71.  26. 
communis,  e,  adj.,  common,  gen- 
eral, public,  68.  27. 
communiter,   adv.    [communis], 
in   common,    jointly,    together, 
44.  20. 
commutatiS,  onis,  f.  [commutd], 
entire  change,  alteration,  69.  27. 


COmmutd,      1,     wholly     change; 

change  entirely,  58.  8. 
compar,  paris,   adj.,  like ;  equal, 

suitable,    on    equal  terms,    35. 

3- 

COmparo,  1,  make  ready,  provide, 
prepare,  4.  15;  31.  23;  74.  11, 
etc.;  establish,  make,  42.  17  ; 
plot,  contrive,  devise,  28.  10. 

COmparo,  1  [compar],  bring  to- 
gether as  equal ;  compare,  34.  3. 

compello,  3,  pull,  pulsus,  drive 
together;  drive,  force,  constrain, 
compel,  33.  20  ;  58.  4.  Cf. 
cogo,  53.  9. 

compello,  1 ,  accost ;  accuse,  ar- 
raign, 67.  27. 

comperio,  4,  peri,  pertus,  obtain 
knowledge  of ;  find  out,  ascer- 
tain, 73.  1. 

complector,  3,  plexus,  fold  to- 
gether ;  embrace,  enfold,  29. 
1;  42.  15. 

comploratio,  onis,  f.  [comploro, 
bewail],  lamentation,  loud  cry- 
ing, wailing,  39.  19. 

COmpliires,  a  or  ia,  more  together  ; 
not  a  few,  several,  a  number, 
many,  41.  24;  70.  8. 

compono,  3,  posul,  positus,  bring 
together ;  quiet,  settle,  bring  to 
an  end,  lay  aside,  72.  17. 

COmporto,  1 ,  bring  together  ;  col- 
lect, gather  together,  3.  21. 
Cf.  conligS,  13.  14. 

compositus,  a,  urn,  adj.  [p.  of 
compSno],  well-placed ;  ex 
composito,  by  agreement,  by  a 
preconcerted  plan,  43.  17. 

comprehends,  3,  di,  ensus,  bind 
together ;  catch,  seize,  take 
prisoner,  58.  9  ;  61.  4. 


VOCABULARY. 


127 


conatus,  us,  m.  [conor],  attempt, 
enterprise,  undertaking,  21.  23. 

concilio,  1  [concilium,  meeting'], 
procure  by  consultation  ;  bring 
about,  acquire,  obtain,  win,  36. 

4  J  37-  23- 

concipio,  3,  cepi,  ceptus  [capio], 
take  together ;  think  of,  con- 
ceive, 43.  3. 

concitd,  1,  freq.  [conci5,  stir  up~], 
put  in  quick  motion ;  rouse, 
impel,  stir  up,  goad  on,  40.  13. 

conclamo,  1,  cry  out  together ; 
cry  aloud,   shout,    38.  22  ;  46. 

23- 

Concordia,  ae,  f.  [concors,  of  the 
same  mind],  agreeing  together  ; 
harmony,  agreement,  50.  1,  5  ; 
52.  20,  etc. 

concupisco,  3,  Ivi,  itus,  inch. 
[cupio],  long  for,  be  very  desir- 
ous of,  aspire  to,  59.  16;  71.  23. 

concurro,  3,  ri  or  cucurri,  cursus, 
run  together,  dash  together,  7. 
14,21;  10.  10;  rush  together 
in  battle,  join  battle,  fight,  38. 
17;  hurry,  hasten,  12.  8. 

concursus,  us,  m.  [concurro], 
running  together ;  onset,  en- 
counter, shock,  38.  18. 

condemno,  1  [damno],  condemn 
entirely  ;  find  guilty,  condemn 
to  death,  doom,  39.  26. 

condicio,  onis,  F.,  agreement, 
terms  ;  condition,  situation,  cir- 
cumstance, 53.  14. 

condo,  3,  didi,  ditus,  put  together  ; 
build,  establish,  found,  34.  1 1 ; 
42.  6  ;  put  away,  lay  up,  store, 
20.  5  ;  47.  16. 

conduco,  3,  duxi,  ductus,  draw 
together;  induce,  lead,  51.   18. 


COnectO,  3,  — ,  nexus,  bind  to- 
gether, join,  tie,  24.  14. 

confero,  ferre,  tuli,  latus,  bring 
together ;  gather,  collect,  pile, 
heap,  63.  13;  74.  13  ;  w.  se, 
betake  oneself,  go,  2.  18;  8. 
4;  9.  9,  etc.;  bestow,  confer, 
31.  16;  48.  14. 

confestim,  adv.,  immediately, 
without  delay,  at  once,  59.  5. 

conficio,  3,  feci,  fectus  [facio], 
make  completely ;  accomplish, 
do,  9.  3,  17,  23  ;  10.  17,  etc.  ; 
make,  work,  26.  5  ;  39.  18  ; 
bring  to  an  end,  63.  1  ;  weaken, 
exhaust,  overcome,  10.  14  ;  14. 
7,  17,  etc.  ;  finish,  kill,  39.  13  ; 

74-  15- 
c5nfidentia,    ae,   f.    [confldens, 

trusting],    confidence,    boldness, 

assurance,  47.  12. 
confirmo,    1,   make  firm ;  make 

steady,  9.  1 ;  affirm,  assert,  16. 

2  ;   19.  1  ;  30.  24. 
COnflagro,    1,    burn    completely; 

burn,  burn  up,  be  destroyed  by 

fire,  41.  4. 
COnfligO,  3,  flixl,  flictus,  strike  to- 
gether;    strike,   dash    together, 

7.  19  ;  contend,  fight,  be  at  war, 

44.  5;  72.  14,  17- 
COnfl5,  I)  blow   up ;  bring  about, 

produce,  cause,  incur,  60.  2. 
c5nfluo,  3,  fliixi,  —  ,fiow  together; 

flock      together,     assemble,     be 

gathered,  70.  14. 
confodid,  3,  f5di,  fossus,  dig  up  ; 

transfix,  stab,  pierce,    52.    1 1  ; 

63.  29;  64.  17. 
confugio,    3,   fug!,  — ,  flee,   take 

refuge,  run  for  protection,  34. 

23;  61.  28. 


128 


VOCABULARY. 


COngressus,  us,  M.,  coming  to- 
gether ;  meeting,  conference,  in- 
terview, 37.  27. 

COngniO,  3,  III,  — ,  come  together; 
agree,  coincide,  correspond, 
34.  6. 

conicid,  3,  ieci,  iectus  [iacio], 
throw  together ;  throw,  hurl, 
cast,  10.  10;  13.  10;  15.  7,  etc. 

coniungo,  3,  iunxi,  iunctus, 
fasten  together ;  join,  unite, 
connect,  w.  ace.  and  dat.,  42.  5  ; 

45-  9- 

coniunx,  ugis,  m.  and  f.,  one 
joined  with  another ;  husband, 
15.  16;  44.  1;  45.  13,  etc.; 
wife,  33.  14;  35.  7;  42.  9,  etc. 
Cf .  vir  ;  uxor. 

coniuratid,  onis,  f.  [coniuro], 
uniting  in  oath ;  conspiracy, 
plot,  67.    25. 

coniuratus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of 
coniuro],  bound  together  with 
an  oath ;  as  noun,  M.  pi.,  con- 
spirators, 64.  9,  13. 

coniuro,  1,  swear  together ;  con- 
spire, plot,  pledge  oneself,  46. 
24;   63.  27. 

conlabor,  3,  lapsus,  fall  together  ; 
sink,  fall,  52.  12. 

conlega  (collega),  ae,  m.,  partner 
in  office,  colleague,  associate,  60. 
1,  10 ;  63.  24,  etc. 

conligo,  3,  legi,  Iectus  [leg5, 
gather] ,  gather  together ;  get 
together, pickup,  collect,  13.  14; 
71.  27.     Cf.  comporto,  3.  21. 

conloquium,  I,  n.  [conloquor], 
talking  with ;  conference,  con- 
versation, 37.  24. 

conloquor,  3,  cutus,  talk,  confer, 
parley,  69.  20. 


Conor,  1 ,  undertake ;  seek,  try, 
attempt,  5.  20;  7.  I  ;  19.  9,  etc. 

conqueror,  3,  questus,  lament, 
deplore,  complain  (of),  accuse, 
45.  24;  48.  11. 

conscendo,  3,  ndi,  ensus 
[scand5],  climb  together; 
mount,  16.  20 ;  go  on  board, 
embark  on,  12.  14  ;  25.  7  ;  62.  6. 

conscribo,  3,  ipsi,  Iptus,  write  to- 
gether ;  enlist,  enroll,  levy, 
raise,  41.  23. 

consecro,  1  [sacro,  make  sacred], 
consecrate,      dedicate,      devote, 

37-   i- 

conseciitus.     See  consequor. 

consensio,  onis,  f.  [c5nsenti5], 
agreeing  together  ;  combination, 
plot,  conspiracy,  67.  II. 

consensus,  us,  m.  [consentio], 
agreement;  abl.  w.  omnium, 
by  common  consent,  unani- 
mously, 27.  16. 

consentio,  4,  sensi,  sensus,  agree 
together ;    agree,  accord,   unite, 

75-  5- 

consequor,  3,  secutus,/<?//0ze/  up  ; 
overtake,  catch  up,  reach,  39.  8  ; 
follow,  succeed,  5.  1 1  ;  attain, 
acquire,  get,  42.  19;  46.  2  ;  67. 
1,  etc. 

cdnserd,  3,  ui,  sertus,  bind  to- 
gether ;  join,  begin,  fight,  35. 
23 ;  w.  manus,  fight  hand  to 
hand,  come  to  close  quarters, 
38.  20. 

considers,  1,  look  at  closely,  re- 
gard attentively,  examine,  34.  3. 

consido,  3,  sedi,  sessus,  sit  down 
together  ;  take  a  position,  station 
oneself,  form,  38.  15;  55.  10; 
56.  20,  etc. 


JNIYERSITY 


VOCABULARY. 


129 


consilium,  I,  n.,  deliberation  ; 
counsel,  advice,  10.  7  ;  36.  9 ; 
design,  purpose,  7.  12;  8.  21  j 
/Az«,  scheme,  3.  8  ;  8.  23  ;  g. 
7;  13^  5»  etc.;  w/7/,  intention, 
16.  23;  24.  2;  sagacity,  wis- 
dom, foresight,  ability,  22.  15; 
44.  3  ;  66.  6,  etc.     Cf.  cogitati5. 

consisto,  3,  stiti,  stitus,  stand  to- 
gether ;  stand  still,  halt,  stop, 
hold,  61.  22. 

conspectus,  us,  m.,  seeing;  sight, 
view,  13.  16;  26.  13;  36.  13, 
etc. 

conspicio,  3,  spexi,  spectus,  look 
at  attentively  ;  see,  perceive,  12. 
6;  40.  2. 

COnspicor,  I,  get  sight  of,  descry, 
espy,  see,  48.  16;  49.  11;  51. 
3,  etc. 

c5nstantia,  ae,  f.  [constans, 
sta  n  ding  togeth  er\ ,  firm  ness  ; 
perseverance,  steadiness,  faith- 
fulness, 47.  12. 

c5nsterno,  1,  confound,  terrify, 
alarm  ;  pf.  p.,  panic-stricken, 
35-  25. 

constituo,  3,  ul,  utus,  put  to- 
gether;  set  up,  place,  station, 
72.  6  ;  establish,  make,  consti- 
tute, 36.  10;  rear,  build,  found, 
dedicate,  36.  21;  74.  3;  ar- 
range, determine  on,  appoint, 
fix,  2.  24;  9.  9;  27.  22,  etc.; 
determine,  decide,  resolve,  2.  7  ; 
3.  11  ;  10.  21,  etc. 

c5nsto,  1,  stiti,  staturus,  stand 
with;  consist  of,  9.  6;  18.  25; 
constat,  impers.,  it  is  agreed 
or  known,  17.  2;  18.  7  ;  47. 
16,  etc. 

consuesco,  3,  suevi,  suetus,  accus- 


tom ;  usually  in  perfect  system, 
be  accustomed,  be  wont,  4.  4  ; 
22.  23;  68.  23,  etc. 

consuetudo,  inis,  f.,  custom,  habit, 
usage,  68.  1  ;  75.  17.     Cf.  mos. 

consul,  ulis,  M.,  consul,  highest 
magistrate  of  the  Roman 
people,  60.  5,  18,  19,  etc. 

consulates,  us,  m.  [consul],  office 
of  consul,  consulship,  consulate, 
60.  21;  61.  17;  63.  24. 

C5nsul5,  3,  ul,  ltus,  consider; 
consult,  inquire  of,  seek  counsel, 

2.  17;  47.  18. 

consiimo,  3,  psi,  ptus,  take  to- 
gether;  spend,  pass,   consume, 

3.  24;  18.  11  ;  31.  17  ;  exhaust, 
overcome,  53.  3. 

contego,  3,  texl,  tectus,  cover  up, 

conceal,  74.  25. 
contemno,   3,    tempsT,   temptus, 

value  little,  disdain,  despise,  48. 

9  5  51.8;  53-  10. 
COntemplor,    1,  gaze  at;     think 

over,  consider,  reflect  on,  53.  21. 

Cf.  cogito,  22.  17. 
COntemptus,   us,    m.,    despising; 

contempt,  scorn,  55.  10. 
contendo,     3,     di,    tus,    strive; 

strive,  exert  oneself,  7.  23 ;   12. 

24  ;  19.  19,  etc.  ;  hasten,  hurry, 

11.   7;    24.    24;   45.    11,   etc.; 

ask,  solicit,  entreat,  58.   14. 
contenti5,  onis,    f.,  straining  to- 
gether;  straining,  exertion,  51. 

4  ;  dispute,  quarrel,  controversy, 

34.  12.  Cf.  controversia,  10.  12. 
contentus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  con- 

tineo],  content,  satisfied,  pleased, 

73-  17. 
contexo,  3,  ul,  tus,  weave,  make, 
16.  4. 


130 


VOCABULARY. 


contineo,  2,  ui,  tentus  [teneo], 
hold  together;  hold  in  check, 
restrain,  yj.  29. 

COntinuus,  a,  um,  adj.,  holding 
together  ;  continuous,  successive, 
in  succession. 

COntio,  onis,  F.  [for  conventio], 
coming  together ;  meeting,  as- 
sembly,^. 12,  17;  67.   27,  etc. 

contra,  adv.  and  prep.,  in  opposi- 
tion; on  the  other  hand,  while, 
69.  18  ;  72.  9,  21  ;  as  prep.  w. 
ace,  against,  9.  13;  29.  21; 
62.   27. 

contraho,  3,  axi,  actus,  draw  to- 
gether ;  contract,  assemble,  col- 
lect, get  together,  59.  6. 

contrarius,  a,  um,  adj.  [contra], 
lying  over  against;  opposite, 
contrary,  61.  5. 

controversia,  ae,  f.  [contro- 
versy, disputed],  dispute, 
quarrel,  contention,  10.  1 2 ; 
27.  15.     Cf.  contentio,  34.  12. 

contuli.     See  confero. 

COnubium,  I,  N.,  wedding  together; 
marriage,  alliance  by  marriage, 
34-  25  ;  35-  3- 

convalesco,  3,  ui,  — ,  inch.,  grow 
wholly  well;  recover,  regain 
health,  44.  12. 

convenio,  4,  veni,  ventus,  come 
together  ;  assemble,  gather,  flock 
together,  2.  23,  25  ;  3.  20,  etc.  ; 
meet,  73.  21  ;  agree,  accord,  be 
suited  (to),  67.  15.  Cf.  con- 
gru5,  34.  6. 

converts,  3,  ti,  sus,  turn  com- 
pletely ;  turn,  direct,  fix,  draw, 
35.  8;  61.  4,  23,  etc. ;  change, 
transform,  28.  18  ;  29.  16;  30. 
10,  etc.;  pass.,  turn  oneself,  63. 1 . 


convinco,    3,    vicl,   victus,   over- 
come;  convict,  expose,  63.  6. 
COnvivium,  1,  N.,  living  together  ; 

feast,  banquet,  28.  11  ;  46.  17. 
convoco,  1,  call  together,  summon, 

assemble,   23.  10;  27.    11  ;  31. 

19,  etc. 
coorior,    4,    ortus,   come  forth ; 

arise,  appear,   break,  burst,   4. 

24  ;  18.  14  ;  26.  23,  etc. 
cophinus,  i,  m.,  basket,  60.  11. 
COpia,   ae,  f.    [ops],  abundance ; 

supply,  amount,  5.   14  ;  20.  4; 

pi.',  forces,  troops,  62.   3;    72. 

14  ;  number,  63.    12. 
copiose,    adv.     [copiosus,  plenti- 
ful], in  great  abundance,  52.  7. 
coram,  adv.  and  prep.  [5s],  before 

the  face;  as  prep.  w.  abl.,  before, 

in  the  presence  of  ,  48.  5. 
Corinthus,  T,  f.,  Corinth,  15.  21. 
COrium,  J,  N.,    skin,  hide,  leather, 

26.  5. 
Cornelia,   ae,   f.,  wife  of  Julius 

Caesar    and    daughter  of    L. 

Cornelius  Cinna,  58.  2. 
cornii,  us,  n.,  horn,  56.  19. 
corona,    ae,  f.,  garland,  wreath, 

70.  26. 
corpus,    oris,    N.,  thing  formed ; 

body,  form,  6.  9  ;  9.    1,3,  etc.  ; 

dead  body,  corpse,  45.  16. 
corrigo,   3,    rexi,   rectus    [rego], 

make  straight;  set  right,  amend, 

make  up  for,    40.    12  ;  61.    8; 

63.  2. 
corripio,   3,    ui,   reptus    [rapio], 

seize,  snatch  up,  grasp,  21.  7  ; 

22.  6  ;  25.  13,  etc. 
corrumpo,  3,  rupi,  ruptus,  destroy; 

bribe,    buy    over,   corrupt,    71. 

18. 


VOCABULARY. 


131 


COrruo,    3,    ul, — ,  fall  together  ; 

fall,  sink  down,  53.  4. 
COrvus,  1,  M.,  raven,  54.  5,  7. 
COS,    cotis,    F.,    flint-stone,    whet- 
stone, 43.  5. 
COttidie,  adv.   [quot,  dies],  daily, 

every  day,  50.  12. 
Crassus,  I,   M.,   Marcus  Crassus, 

a    contemporary     of     Caesar, 

60.  6. 
cratera,    ae,    f.,     mixing-bowl; 

wine  or  punch-bowl,  bowl,  22. 

24  ;  23.  2,  4. 
crebro,    adv.    [creber,  frequent'], 

repeatedly,     frequently,     often, 

many  times,  55.  14. 
credo,  3,  didi,  ditus,  put  faith  in  ; 

believe,  suppose,  hold  true,   26. 

18  ;  28.  2  ;  36.  15,  etc. 
cremo,    1,    burn,    consume   with 

fire,  74.  25. 
creo,  1 1  bring  forth  ;  cause  to  be, 

choose,  make,  select,  15.  19;  37. 

2  ;  38.  5,  etc. 
Creon,  ontis,  m.,  king  of  Corinth, 

15.  21. 
cresco,    3,    evi,   etus,    come  into 

being;     be   enlarged,    increase, 

grow,  40.  22  ;  69.  18  ;  72.  2. 
crimen,  inis,  n. ,  judgment ;  crime, 

fault,  offence,  67.  27. 
crinis,  is,  m.,  hair,  locks,  tresses, 

36.  2;  39.  18. 
Critias,   ae   (1),  m.,   one  of  the 

Thirty     Tyrants     at    Athens, 

73-  26. 
cruciatus,  us,  m.  [crucio,  put  to 

the  rack],  torture,  torment,  16. 

12. 
crudelis,  «,  adj.  [crudus,  bloody], 

cruel,  fierce,  pitiless,  barbarous, 

painful,  27.  13  ;  superl.,  6.  7. 


crudelitas,    atis,    f.     [crudelis], 

cruelty,      harshness,      severity, 

68.  15. 
cruentus,  a,  um,  adj.,  spotted  with 

blood ;  stained,  marked,  56.  7. 
crux,    crucis,    f.,    gallows,   cross, 

59-  10. 
culex,  icis,  m.,gnat,  midge,  56.  19. 
culpa,  ae,  f.,  fault,  error,  blame, 

neglect,  70.  18;  71.  17. 
culpo,  1  [culpa],  blame,   censure, 

reproach. 
culter,   trl,  m.,  that  which  cuts ; 

knife,  razor,  46.  23. 
cultus,  us,  m.,  care  ;  way  of  life, 

personal  life,  75.  14. 
cum,  prep.  w.  abl.,  with,  together 

with,    attended  by,   4.    17 ;    5. 

1,  5,  etc. 
cum,    conj.,    when,    while,   after, 

since,    although,   2.    9,    10,    13, 

etc. ;  cum  primum,  as  soon  as, 

53.    12  ;  54.   7;    cum  .  .  .  turn, 

not  only  .  .  .  but  also,  72.  2. 
ciinae,  arum,  f.,  cradle,  56.  2,  5, 

7,  etc. 
cunctor,  1,  delay,  linger,  hesitate. 

Cf.  moror. 
cupiditas,     atis,     f.     [cupidus], 

longing;  desire,  ambition,  eager- 
ness, 2.  3  ;  14.  14;  27.  4. 
cupidd,     inis,    F.,     desire,    wish, 

longing,  18.  12. 
cupidus,    a,    um,    adj.,    longing, 

desirous,  eager,  anxious,  26.  3  ; 

?6.  .3. 
cupio,  3,  IvI,  Itus,  long  for;  desire, 

wish,  58.  15;  73.  20. 
Ciir,  interrog.  adv.  [cui  rei],  why? 

10.  11  ;  35.  2;  48.  16. 
Cures,  ium,  f.,  ancient  capital  of 

the  Sabines,  36.  24. 


132 


VOCABULARY. 


curia,    ae,  P.,  court,  ward,  curia, 

36.  ii  ;  senate-house,  45.  11,14; 

60.  14. 
Curiatius,    I,    m.,    one    of     the 

Curiatii,  38.  II. 
curd,  1  [cura,  care],  care  for,  take 

care. 
curro,    3,    cucurri,   cursus,   move 

quickly ;    run,     rush,     hasten, 

IS-    2. 

currus,  us,  m.,  a  running ;  chariot, 

car,  16.  18,  20. 
cursus,  us,  M.,    running,   39.  1 1  ; 

course  (of  a  ship),  4.  24;  6.  1  ; 

18.  15,  etc.;  passage,  movement, 

course,    13.    10;    37.    17;    63. 

3- 


curulis,  e,  adj.,  w.  sella,  curule 
chair,  official  seat,  37.  3. 

custodio,  4  [custos],  watch  ;  pro- 
tect, watch  over, guard,  preserve, 
II.  15;  37-  15;  56.  2. 

custos,  odis,  M.  and  f.,  guard ; 
watchman,  watcher,  guardian, 
guard,  56.  4,  8 ;  68.  17,  etc. 

Cyclops,  opis,  M.  [Grk.,  round 
eye],  one  of  the  fabulous  giants 
on  the  coast  of  Italy,  20.  11. 

Cyme,  es,  f.,  a  city  of  Aetolia, 
71.  14- 

Cyrus,  T,  m.,  brother  of  the  Per- 
sian king   Artaxerxes,  73.  22. 

Cyzicus,  I,  f.,  a  city  in  Mysia, 
4.  20. 


D 


Daci,  orum,  m.,  Dacians,  a  war- 
like tribe  in  modern  upper 
Hungary,  63.  16. 

damno,  1  [damnum],  adjudge 
guilty;  sentence,  doom,  con- 
demn, 68.    18 ;  71.   5. 

damnum,  i,  n.,  damage,  hurt, 
harm,  injury,  25.  16. 

Dareius,  T,  m.,  king  of  Persia, 
69.  16. 

de,  prep.  w.  abl.,  about,  concern- 
ing, for,  2.  14;  12.  3  ;  20.  I2» 
etc.  ;  over,  42.  22. 

dea,  ae,  f.,  goddess  ;  nymph,  37. 
24,  27. 

debe5,  2,  ui,  itus  [for  dehibeo 
(habeo)],  withhold,  owe;  w. 
infin.,  ought,  must,  should,  45. 
1  ;  55.  4;  pass,  be  due,  54.  17. 

debitus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  debeo], 
owed ;  due,  appropriate,  be- 
coming, 25.  10  ;  30.  22. 


decedo,  3,  cessl,  cessus,  go  away; 
withdraw,     depart,    go    away, 

45-  15- 

Decelea,  ae,  f.,  a  town  in  northern 
Attica,  69.  2. 

decern,  num.  adj.,  indecl.,  ten,  3. 
24  ;   17.  1  ;   18.  11,  etc. 

decerno,  3,  crevi,  cretus,  decide, 
determine,  34.  13  ;  68.  6  ;  vote, 
decree,  63.  28  ;  64.  23  ;  71.  10. 

decimus,  a,  um,  adj.  [decern], 
tenth,  18.  17  ;  sextus  et  deci- 
mus, sixteenth,  58.  2. 

decipio,  3,  cepl,  ceptus  [capio], 
take  off  one's  guard  ;  deceive, 
entrap,  ensnare,  catch,  69.  14. 

declarS,  1 ,  disclose ;  set  forth, 
make  manifest,  prove,  show, 
49.  8. 

decdrus,  a,  um,  adj.  [decor,  come- 
liness], becoming;  beautiful, 
handsome,  adorned,  48.  13. 


VOCABULARY. 


133 


decretus.     See  decerno. 
decurro,   3,  cucurri  or  curri,  cur- 

sus,  run  or  hasten  down,  rush 

to  the  shore,  5.   6. 
decus,  oris,  N.,  grace  ;  splendor, 

ornament,  adornment,  44.  19. 
decutio,  3,  cussi,  cussus  [quatio], 

shake  off ;  strike  off,  46.  8. 
dedo,  3,  didi,  ditus,  give  from  ; 

give  up,  resign,  surrender,  yield, 

22.  13;  31.  10;  41.  17,  etc. 
deduco,  3,  diixi,  ductus,  take  or 

carry  down,  bring,  27.  16;  con- 
duct, escort,  accompany,  39.  15  ; 

launch,  4.  16  ;  11.  6;  12.  21,  etc. 
defatigatid,  orris,  f.    [defatigo], 

a  wearying;  weariness,  fatigue, 

exhaustion. 
defatigo,  1,  weary  out ;  exhaust, 

tire,  51.  5  ;  53.  20. 
defendo,  3,  ndi,  ensus,  ward  off ; 

protect,  defend,  19.  11  ;  33.  19; 

55.  4,  etc. 
defero,    ferre,    tuli,   latus,    bring 

away ;  drive   off,  carry,  force, 

18.    17  ;      refer,   bring    before, 

60.  9. 
deficio,   3,   feci,   fectus    [facio], 

make  from  ;  intr.,  be  wanting, 

fail,  run  out,  5.15;  27.  10. 
deformitas,    atis,    f.    [deformis, 

misshapen],  blemish,  deformity, 

64.    21  ;    ugliness,    hideousness, 

48.  6. 
defunctus,   a,    um,    adj.    (p.   of 

defungor,     have     done     with), 

dead,  61.  10. 
deicio,    3,    ieci,    iectus    [iacio], 

throw   down;  bring  down,  let 

fall,  43.  19  ;  throw  down,  push 

down,    45.    12;  55.    8;  67.  8  ; 

cast,  drive,  force,  5.  2. 


dein,  adv.  =  deinde,  64.  15;  68. 

17  ;  69.  2. 

deinceps,  adv.  one  after  another, 
in  turn,  38.  2. 

deinde,  adv.,  from  here ;  then, 
afterwards,  next,  24.  16;  33. 
15,  16,  etc.  ;  from  that  time  on, 
thereafter,  40.  25  ;  hereafter, 
34.  19.     Cf.  turn. 

delabor,  3,  lapsus,  glide  down  ; 
fall,  descend,  16.  26;  37.  10; 
54.  12. 

deled,  2,  evi,  etus,  erase  ;  destroy, 
overthrow,  41.  24  ;  bring  to  an 
end,  finish,  73.  4. 

deliberabundus,  a,  um,  adj.  [de- 
libero,  ponder],  pondering, 
reflecting,  in  a  "brown  study" 
46.  6. 

deliro,  1, — ,  —  [delirus,  silly], 
be  crazy,  dote,  rave,  47.  8. 

delictum,  1,  n.,  failing;  fault, 
offence,  crime,  72.  22.  Cf. 
culpa,    70.    18. 

deligo,  3,  legl,  Iectus  [lego], 
choose  from  ;  pick  out,  select, 
choose,  4.  14 ;  22.  18;  24.  14,  etc. 

delinquo,  3,  liqui,  lictus,  fail ; 
do  wrong,  transgress,  sin,  57.  5. 

Delphi,  orum,  m.,  a  Phocian  city, 
famous  for  its  oracle,  2.  17. 

demigro,  1,  go  off,  depart,  emi- 
grate, 68.  23. 

demitto,  3,  mlsl,  missus,  send 
down,  let  fall,  hurl,  37.  5  ;  lose, 
22.  1  ;  pf.  p.  demlssus,  down- 
cast, dejected,  low,  13.  20. 

demonstro,  1,  point  out ;  show, 
indicate,  tell,  prove,  2.  19  ;  3. 
7,  14,  etc. 

denego,  1,  reject,  refuse,  deny, 
58.  13. 


134 


VOCABULARY. 


dens,   dentis,  m.,  tooth,  8.  15;  9. 

18,  20,  etc. 
denuS,  adv.  [denovo],  once  more, 

a  second    time,  again,   47.   10. 

Cf.  iterum. 
depello,  3,  pull,  pulsus,  drive  out, 

drive  from,    72.    16 ;    remove, 

banish,  satisfy,  appease,  21.  13  ; 

30.  5  ;  turn  aside,  divert,  21.  I. 
deplSrS,  1,  weep   bitterly,   bewail, 

lament,  53.  7. 
depSnS,    3,    posul,   positus,  put 

down  or  away,  lay  aside,  53.  20 ; 

give  up,  13.  5  ;  21.  II;  appease, 

21.  13. 
deportd,  1,  ozrry  <7^,  bring  home, 

68.  13. 
deprecor,    1,    #zw/    by   prayer; 

pray,  intercede,  plead,  58.  12. 
deprehendS,   3,   dl,    ensus,  take 

away ;     surprise,    come     upon, 

discover,  46.  17  ;  55.  1. 
depulso,   1, — , — ,  freq.,  thrust 

away  ;  keep  off,  repel,  55.  4. 
derideS,  2,  risi,  risus,  laugh  at ; 

scoff  at,  mock,  47.  5. 
deripio,  3,  ui,  reptus  [rapio],  tear 

from  or  away,  snatch,  11.  17,  21. 
descendo,  3,  dl,   ensus    [scando, 

climb'],  climb  down;  come  down, 

go   down,  31.   20;  45.   2;    49. 

1,    etc.;    descend,  alight,  37.  5. 
descisco,  3,  Ivi,   itus,  withdraw, 

desert,  be  unfaithful,  69.  11. 
describo,  3,  psi,  ptus,  write  off; 

portion  off,  allot,  assign,  divide, 

37-  17- 

deserd,  3,  ui,  rtus,  unbind ;  leave, 
forsake,  desert,  10.  26;  38.  23; 
56.  12. 

desiderium,  1,  n.,  [desidero]  long- 
ing, wish,  desire,  31.  18. 


desldero,  1,  greatly  desire,   long 

for.     Cf.  cupio,  58.  15. 
desilio,  4,  ilui,  ultus  [salio,],  leap 

down,  jump  overboard,  29.  7. 
desipio,  3,  — ,  —  [sapid],  be  void 

of  understanding,  be  silly,  act 
foolishly,  47.  4. 
desistd,  3,  stitl,  stitus,  stay  from  ; 

leave  off,  cease,  stop,  give  up,  13. 

17  ;  21.  23;  31.  27. 
desperS,  1,  be  hopeless  ;  have  no 

hope,  despair  of,  give  up,  12.  3; 

21.  25  ;   22.  16;  51.  9. 
despondeS,  2,  dl,  5nsus,  promise 

to  give  ;  promise  in   marriage, 

betroth,  39.  16  ;  w.  animos,  be 

despondent. 
destinS,  1,  make  fast ;  fix  upon, 

design,  resolve,  63.  10. 
destituS,  3,  ui,  utus  [statuo],  set 

down  ;  forsake,  abandoti,  desert, 

disappoint,  69.  23. 
desum,    esse,   ful,    be  from;    be 

wanting,  fail,  34.  22. 
desuper,  adv.,  from  above,  from 

overhead,  7.  4. 
detegS,  3,  exi,  ectus,  uncover,  ex- 
pose, bare,  65.  3. 
deterior,  ius,  gen.  ioris  [de],  lower; 

worse,  poorer,  harder,  53.  14. 
deterreS,  2,  ui,  itus,  frighten  off ; 

discourage,  prevent,   deter,  29. 

19;  42.  24. 
detineS,  2,    ui,   tentus    [teneo], 

hold  off ;  detain,  keep  a  prisoner, 

61.  15. 
detractor,  oris,  m.,  disparager. 
detrahS,  3,  axi,  actus,  draw  off ; 

take  or  throw  off,  remove,   53. 

6;  61.  5. 
deiirS,  3,    ussi,  ustus,   burn   up, 

destroy,  47.  6. 


VOCABULARY. 


135 


deus,  i,  m.,  god,  deity,  7.  24,  26 ; 

8.  8,  etc. 
devincio,  4,  nxi,  nctus,  bind  fast ; 

lay  under  obligation,  attach  to 

oneself,  67.  17. 
devinco,  3,   vici,   victus,  conquer 

completely,     overcome,     subdue, 

62.  26. 

devoro,  1,  swallow  eagerly  ;  gulp 
down,  devour,  consume,  21.  8; 
22.  7  ;  23.  8,  etc. 

devotio,  onis,  f.  [devoveS],  curs- 
ing, outlawry,  68.  21  ;  71.  7. 

devoveo,  2,  vovl,  votus,  vow  away; 
curse,  execrate,  68.  20;  71.  7. 

dextera  or  dextra,  ae,  f.  [dexter, 
right,  sc.  manus],  right  hand, 
61.  5. 

diadema,  atis,  n.,  royal  head- 
dress, crown,  63.  25. 

Diana,  ae,  f.  [for  Divana],  shin- 
ing one  ;  goddess  Diana,  44.  20. 

diCO,  3,  dixi,  dictus,  say,  14.  23  ; 
declare,  tell,  assert,  8.  1 1  ; 
18.  6,  etc.  ;  call,  name,  45. 
18  ;  name,  appoint,  2.  24  ;  3. 
20;  plead,  68.  10;  dicendl, 
speaking,  oratory,  58.  19  ;  pro- 
nounce {judgment),  63.  6. 

dictator,  oris,  m.  [dicto,  dictate'], 
dictator,  3.  Roman  magistrate 
with  unlimited  power,  chosen 
in  great  emergencies,  63.  20. 

dictum,  T,  N.  [dic5],  something 
said ;  command,  order,  words, 

44-  13- 
dies,  iei,  m.,  light;  day,  2.  9,  23, 
24,  etc.,   in  dies,  day  by  day, 

63.  10. 

difficilis,  e,  adj.  [facilis],  not  easy; 
hard,  difficult,  perilous,  3.  16; 
8.  to. 


difficultas,  atis,  f.  [difficilis], 
difficulty,  trouble,  9.  12  ;  11.  13. 

diffidd,  3,  fisus  sum,  distrust ; 
despair,  have  no  hope,  74.  15. 

digitus,  I,  m.,  finger,  55.  2. 

dignitas,  atis,  f.  [dignus],  worthi- 
ness; rank,  authority,  distinc- 
tion, honor,  42.  18;  44.  I  ;  61. 
14 ;  magnificence,  splendor, 
75-8. 

digredior,  3,  gressus,  go  apart ; 
go  away,  depart,  47.  1 5. 

dilanio,  1,  tear  to  pieces,  strip  off, 
55-  21. 

diligentia,  ae,  f.  [diligens,  indus- 
trious], attentiveness  ;  care,  in- 
dustry, diligence,  application,  4. 
1  ;  9.  16,  19,  etc. 

diligo,  3,  lexl,  lectus  \\zgo\,single 
out ;  esteem,  love,  71.  21. 

dilucesco,  3,  luxi,  — ,  inch,  [dllu- 
ce5,  shine  forth],  grow  light, 
dawn,  5.  7. 

dimicatio,  onis,  f.  [dimico],  fght- 
ing,  struggle,  fight,  46.  n. 

dimico,  1,  contend,  fight,  35.  25  ; 
38.  12;  44.  5,  etc. 

dimitto,  3,  misT,  missus,  send 
different  ways ;  send  out,  de- 
spatch, 2.  23  53.  18  ;  59.  2  ; 
let  go,  drop,  55.  2 ;  renounce, 
divorce,  neglect,  73.  3. 

dirigo,  3,  exi,  ectus  [reg5],  lay 
straight;  direct,  aim,  steer, 
drive,  62.  9. 

diru5,  3,  ul,  utus,  tear  apart; 
overthrow,  demolish,  destroy, 
40.  20. 

dirus,  a,  um,  adj.,  ill-omened ; 
fearful,  dreadful,  violent,  6.  6  ; 
16.  5,  12. 

discedd,  3,  cessl,  cessus,^  apart; 


136 


VOCABULARY. 


depart,  go  away,  leave,  31.  12  ; 
51.  5;  61.  16,  etc.  ;  e  vita,  die, 
14.  10;  separate,  open,  7.  21. 

discordia,  ae,  F.  [discors,  inhar- 
monious], disunion,  dissension, 
discord,  52.  21. 

discordd,  1 ,  —  ,  —  [discors,  in- 
harmonious'], be  at  variance, 
quarrel,  52.  16. 

discrimen,  inis,  N.,  that  which  de- 
cides ;  peril,  risk,  danger,  10. 
25  ;   12.  23  ;  22.  3,  etc. 

discurr5,  3,  ri  and  cucurri,  cur- 
sus,  run  different  ways,  run 
hither  and  thither,  run   about, 

35-  9- 
disertus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  dis- 

ser5,  examine],  tested ;  skilful, 

clever,  fluent,  66.  8. 
disicio,   3,    ieci,    iectus     [iacio], 

throw   about;  scatter,  disperse, 

18.  16. 
dispergS,    3,    si,    sus    [spargo], 

scatter,  disperse. 
displiceo,   2,   uT,  itus    [placeo], 

displease,       be      unsatisfactory, 

60.  7. 
disputd,  1,  weigh   apart ;  argue, 

discuss,  have  a  dispute,  59.  13. 
dissensio,     onis,    f.     [dissentiS, 

differ],     difference;      disagree- 
ment, quarrel. 
dissidium,    I,    N.,    sitting  apart ; 

dissension,      dispute,      quarrel, 

5o.  3- 
dissimilis,  e,   adj.    [similis],  not 

like ;  unlike,  different,  38.  6. 
dissimilitudo,  inis,  f.  [dissimilis], 

unlikeness,  difference,  66.  16. 
dissimulo,  1,  represent  as  unlike; 

conceal,  keep  secret,  hide,  re- 
press, 35.  4. 


dissolutus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  dis- 
solvo,  loosen],  loosened ;  care- 
less, free,  dissolute,  66.  14. 

distraho,  3,  axl,  actus,  drag 
apart ;  draw  away,  separate, 
divide,  39.  1  ;  drag,  pull 
asunder,  tear  apart,  40.  19. 

distribuo,  3,  ul,  utus,  assign 
apart ;  assign,  divide,  distribute, 
36.  11;  44.  17;  52.  19. 

ditissimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.  of 
dis,  dltis,  wealthy,  rich,  66.  20. 

diu,  adv.,  by  day ;  a  long  time, 
long,  5.  24 ;  8.  6  ;  14.  6,  etc.  ; 
diutius,  31.  16  ;  62.  4  ;  69.  13; 
diiitissime,  72.  8. 

diuturnus,  a,  um,  adj.  [diu],  long, 
of  long  duration,  lasting,  linger- 
ing, 41.  1  ;  53.  13  ;  71.  9. 

divello,  3,  velll,  volsus  or  vulsus, 
tear  apart,  21.  8. 

diversus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of 
diverts,  turn  different  ways], 
opposite,  different,  contrary,  23. 
15;  40.  19  ;  66.  16. 

dives,  itis,  adj.,  wealthy,  rich, 
66.  10. 

divido,  3,  visi,  visus,  divide, 
separate,  27.  17  ;  54.  16; 
divide  {among),  distribute,  60. 
8. 

divinitus,  adv.  [dlvinus],  from 
heaven;  by  divine  influence, 
miraculously,  36.  1. 

dlvinus,  a,  um,  adj.  [divus,  god], 
of  a  god,  divine,  47.  2. 

divitiae,  arum,  f.  [dives],  riches, 
treasures,  wealth,  50.  16. 

d5,  dare,  dedi,  datus,  hand  over  ; 
give  over,  give,  commit,  consign, 
9.  2,  14;  10.  8,  etc.;  give  up, 
resign,  21.   13;  bestow,    6.   22  ; 


VOCABULARY. 


137 


34.  12  ;  45.  6 ;  grant,  allow,  35. 

1 5  5    offer,  30.  6 ;  /ay,  50.   9  ; 

propose,    15.    S  ;   w.   neg5tium, 

charge,  assign,   entrust,  3.    12, 

22  ;  74.  12  ;  w.  se,  rush,  plunge, 

29.  7  ;  w.  venum,  j-^/Z,  47.  2. 
doceo,  2,  ui,  ctus,  cause  to  know ; 

instruct,  teach,  show,  tell,  3.  19; 

7.  15;    19.  9,  etc. 
doleo,  2,  ui,  iturus,  feel  pain;  be 

grieved,    lament,     feel    sorry, 

59.  24. 
dolor,  oris,  M.,  pain,  16.  II ;  23. 

16,  24  ;  grief,  sorrow,  2.  12,  13; 

5.  9,  etc.;  chagrin,  anger,  12.  20. 
dolose,    adv.     [dolosus,    crafty'], 

craftily,  cunningly,  deceitfully, 

35-  18. 
dolus,     1,     M.,     device ;     fraud, 

trickery,   cunning,  10.   18;  14. 

14;  18.  6,  etc. 
domicilium,    I,    N.,     habitation; 

home,  dwelling-place,  42.  17. 
domina,  ae,    f.    [dominus],  mis- 
tress, 28.  13;  48.  11;  53.  15. 
dominatio,    orris,    f.     [dominor, 

rule],   rule,    dominion,   po^ver, 

control,  59.   16. 
dominus,    I,    M.,   master ;    ruler, 

lord,  master,  36.  20. 
domo,  1,  ui,  itus,  tame ;  subdue, 

vanquish,    overcome,    42.      21  ; 

45-  21. 
domus,  us,  F.,   something  built ; 

house,  home,  13.  20  ;  18.  2  ;  28. 

26,  etc.;  doml,  at  home,  40.  28  ; 

64.  3;  71.  11. 
dono,     1     [donum],    give    as    a 

present ;     bestow,  give,    confer, 

w.  abl.  and  ace,  43.  8;  70.  26. 
donum,  T,  N.,  thing  given  ;  gift, 

present,  16.  8  ;  26.  8. 


dormio,  4,  sleep,  slumber,  10.  3; 
11.  21 ;  16.  24,  etc. 

dorsum,  I,  N.,  back ;  slope,  ridge, 
63.  16. 

draco,  5nis,  M.,  serpent,  dragon, 
8.  15;  9.  18;  n.  14,  etc. 

dubito,  1  [dubium],  go  to  and 
fro;  doubt,  question,  6.  19;  10. 
18;  12.  3,  etc. 

dubius,  a,  um,  adj.,  moving  two 
ways;  doubtful,  uncertain,  14. 
8  ;  22.  3;  24.  1;  procul  dubio, 
without  doubt,  47.  8. 

ducenti,  ae,  a,  num.  adj.,  two  hun- 
dred, 70.  4. 

duco,  3,  duxi,  ductus,  lead ;  lead, 
induce,  69.  10;  draw  {by  lot), 
27.  22;  extend,  protract,  72.  8 ; 
extend,  construct,  make,  44.  16; 
take  (as  wife),  58.  3 ;  w.  in 
matrimonium,  wed,  marry,  16. 
1  ;  18.  10;  think,  71.  16. 

dulcedo,  inis,  f.  [dulcis],  sweet- 
ness;  charm,  28.  7. 

dulcis,  e,  ad j .,  sweet ;  agreeable, 
pleasant,  delightful,  19.  1  ;  49. 
3 ;  superl.  dulcissimus,  28.  6. 

dum,  conj.,  while,  whilst,  until, 
3.  2;  5.  18  ;  10.  2,  etc.;  as 
long  as  (w.  subj.),  14.  9,  26. 

duo,  ae,  o,  num.  adj.,  two,  2.  1  ; 
7.  10  ;  8.  10,  etc. 

duodecim,  num.  adj.,  indecl., 
twelve,  19.  22;  34.  14;  37.  13, 
etc. 

duplico,  1  [duplex,  double], 
double ;  enlarge,  increase,  40. 
22;  42.  23. 

duritia,  ae,  F.  [diirus],  hardness  ; 
hardship,  rigorous  life,  fru- 
gality, 75.  14. 

duro,  1  [durus],  last,  endure. 


138 


VOCABULARY. 


dux,  ducis,  m.,  one  who  leads  ;  Dyrrachium,  I,  n.,  a  town  on  the 
leader,  commander,  general,  12.  coast  of  Illyricum,  now  Epi- 
5,  12;  38.  8,  etc.  damnus,  62.  2. 


E 


E,  prep.  w.  abl.     See  ex. 

ebrius,  a,  um,  adj.,  full ;  drunk, 
intoxicated,  ig.  8. 

ecquid,  interrog.  adv.,  whether,  if 
at  all,  47.  6  ;  64.  6,  7. 

edico,  3,  xi,  dictus,  speak  forth  ; 
proclaim,  decree,  announce, 
make  known,  4.  7  ;  9.  8. 

edo,  3,  didi,  ditus,  give  out ;  give 
out,  breathe  forth,  8.  13;  utter, 
21.  10  ;  bring  forth,  give  birth 
to,  bear,  33.  5  ;  perform,  perpe- 
trate, 62.  5 ;  bring  about,  pro- 
duce, hold,  60.  1. 

educS,  1,  bring  up,  rear,  educate, 
33.  14;  34.  11;  43.  23,  etc. 

ediicd,  3,  xi,  ductus,  lead  out, 
lead  forth. 

effero,  ferre,  extuli,  elatus,  bear 
out ;  raise,  lift,  43.  18  ;  extol, 
75.  2  ;  puff  up,  elate,  make 
proud,  40.  25  ;  71.  22. 

effervesco,  3,  ferbui,  —  ,  boil  up, 
boil  over,  14.  26. 

efficio,  3,  feci,  fectus  [facio], 
make  out;  bring  about,  effect, 
acco??iplish,  23.  19  ;  30.  13  ; 
51.  20,  etc. 

efflo,  1 ,  blow  out;  breathe  out,  53. 4. 

effugio,  3,  f ugi,  — ,  flee  away  ; 
escape  from,  escape,  avoid,  74. 
22. 

effundo,  3,  fudl,  fusus, pour forth; 
pour  out,  empty,  60.  12;  63.  16; 
waste,  spend,  squander,  60.  2 ; 
rise  (above),  overflojv,  33.  8. 


Egeria,  ae,  f.,  a  nymph,  37.  24. 

ego,  mei,  personal  pron.,  /,  14. 
7,  8,  9,  etc. 

egredior,  3,  gressus  [gradior],  go 
out,  depart,  62.  6;  disembark, 
land,  4.  20  ;  5.  4,  16,  etc. 

egregie,  adv.  [egregius],  excel- 
lently, splendidly,  very  well, 
11.  14. 

egregius,  a,  um,  adj.  [grex],  out 
of  the  flock;  excellent,  noble, 
glorioics,  40.  2  ;  surpassing,  54. 
19;  unusual,  remarkable,  60. 
28. 

eicio,  3,  ieci,  iectus  [iacio],  cast 
out ;  banish,  drive  away,  exile, 
68.  26. 

elabor,  3,  lapsus,  slip  away,  get 
off,  escape,  58.  7.     Cf.  effugio. 

elatus,  p.  of  effero,  71.  22. 

elicio,  3,  uT,  — ,  draw  out ;  call 
down,  evoke,  bring  down,  37.  4. 

eligo,  3,  legi,  Iectus  [lego],  pluck 
out;    pick   out;    choose,    select, 

_  36.  8  ;  46.  3. 

Elis,  idis,  f.,  a  state  in  the  west- 
ern part  of  the  Peloponnesus, 
68.  17. 

eloquens,  entis,  adj.  [p.  of  elo- 
quor],  eloquent. 

emineo,  2,  ui,  — ,  stand  out,  pro- 
ject, show  oneself,  50.  8. 

eminus,  adv.  [ex,  manus],  out  of 
reach ;  from  a  distance,  74. 
22. 

emitto,    3,    misl,    missus,    send 


VOCABULARY. 


139 


from;  cast,  hurl,  41.  18  ;  let 
go,  send  out,  7.  18;  24.  20. 

emo,  3,  emi,  emptus,  buy,  pur- 
chase, 47.  7,  11. 

enim,  conj.  [nam],  usually  after 
the  first  word  in  its  clause,  for, 
in  fact,  you  see,  3.  6,  12,  24,  etc. 

eo,  ire,  Ivi  or  ii,  iturus,  go,  set  out, 
pass,  walk,  march,  28.  1  ;  35. 
13  5  39.  *S'>  go, perish,  die,  39. 

23- 
e6,    adv.    [is],    to   this;     to  that 

place,  thither,  6.   21  ;  10.    24; 

11.  8,  etc. 
Ephesius,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  Ephesus, 

in  Ionia,  of  the  Ephesians,  44. 

20. 
Epirus,  1,  f.,  a  province   in   the 

north  of  Greece,  62.  1. 
eques,  itis,  m.  [equus],  horseman, 

knight,  36.  10;  42.  23. 
equito,   1   [eques],  ride,  practice 

horsemanship,  65.  1. 
equus,  T,  M.,  swift  thing ;  horse, 

steed,  46.  16;  52.  7,  9,  etc. 
erectus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  erigo], 

upright,  erect,  16.  25. 
erga,  prep.  w.  ace,  towards,  in 

relation  A?,  68.  15. 
ergo,  adv.,  exactly ;  then,  there- 
upon, 43.  6;  accordingly,  there- 
fore, 46.  19;  71.  5;  74.  5. 
Eridanus,  I,  m.,  Greek  name  for 

the  Po  River,  13.  18. 
SngO,    3,  erexi,    erectus    [reg5], 

raise  up  ;  lift,  set  up,  erect. 
eripio,    3,     ul,    reptus     [rapio], 

snatch  from,    74.    18  ;  snatch, 

rescue,  save,  2.  7 ;  7.  25. 
erro,  1,  wander  ;  wander,  go  back 

and  forth,  23.  18;  be  in  error, 

mistake,  be  wrong,  5.  7. 


erudio,  4  [rudis,  rough],  educate, 
instruct,  teach,  polish,  66.  19. 

erumpd,  3,  rfipl,  ruptus,  cause  to 
break  forth  ;  burst  forth,  rush 
out,  61.  12. 

Esquilinus,  1,  m.,  Esquiline  hill, 
largest  of  the  seven  hills  of 
Rome,  44.  15. 

et,  conj.,  and,  2.  8,  12,  16,  etc.  ; 
too,  also,  2.  25  ;  35.  19  ;  et  .  .  . 
et,  both  .  .  ..and,  35.  17  ;  66.  7. 

etiam,  and  also;  even,  besides, 
too,  6.  5  ;  21.  2  ;  35.  2,  etc.  ; 
non  modo  .  .  .  sed  etiam,  not 
only  .  .  .  but  also,  2.  5  ;  11.  14 ; 
12.  19. 

Etriiria,  ae,  f.,  a  province  of 
Italy,  42.  8. 

etsi,  conj.,  and  if ;  though,  al- 
though, 2.  10;  3.  15;  8.  15, 
etc. 

Eumolpidae,  arum,  m.,  descend- 
ants of  Eumolpus,  son  of  Nep- 
tune ;  Athenian  priests  who 
had  charge  of  the  Elusinian 
mysteries,  68.  19. 

Euripides,  is.  m.,  a  famous  Greek 
poet  [b.c.  480-406],  59.  17. 

Eurylochus,  1,  m.,  one  of 
Ulysses'  men,  27.  17. 

evado,  3,  si,  sus,  go  out ;  come 
forth,  get  away,  escape,  7.  20  ; 
8.  24 ;  10.  22,  etc.  Cf.  effugiS, 
74.  22. 

evanesc5,  3,  nui,  —  ,  inch.,  vanish 
or  fade  away,  disappear,  29.  26. 

evenid,  4,  veni,  ventus,  come  out; 
happen,  take  place,  occur,  suc- 
ceed, result,  end,  7.  27  ;  10.  4  ; 
12.  13,  etc.;  sorte  evenit,  the 
lot  fell  to,  etc.,  27.  20. 

eventus,    us,   m.,  a  coming  out ; 


140 


VOCABULARY. 


issue,  consequence,  result,  end, 
43.  24. 

everto,  3,  ti,  sus,  turn  from ; 
overturn,  56.  5,  7  ;  overthrow, 
destroy,  ruin,  abolish,  64.  28. 

evito,  1 1  shun,  avoid,  68.  16. 

evoco,  1,  call  out ;  call  forth, 
summon,  45.  14. 

evolo,  1 ,  fly  out ;  fly  off  or  away, 
48.  6. 

ex  or  (only  before  consonants)  e, 
prep.  w.  abl.,  out  of ;  from, 
away  fro?n,  out  from,  from 
among,  of,  2.  7,  8,  25,  etc. ;  ex 
ordine,  in  succession,  24.  20 ; 
according  to,  71.  14. 

exanimo,  1  [exanimus,  lifeless], 
put  out  of  breath  ;  tire,  weaken, 
exhaust,  10.  1  ;  20.  18. 

exardesco,  3,  arsi,  arsus,  inch., 
blaze  out ;  be  inflamed,  be  pro- 
voked, rage,  12.  20 ;  27.  4. 

excedo,  3,  cessi,  cessus,  go  out, 
depart ;  e  vita,  die,  perish,  16. 
13.     Cf.  discedo,  14.  10. 

excellentior,  ius,  adj.,  compar.  of 
excellens,  entis  [p.  of  excell5], 
eminent ;  surpassing,  superior, 
extraordinary,  66.  4. 

excello,  3,  — ,  celsus,  be  eminent; 
be  superior,  surpass,  excel,  48. 

excelsus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  ex- 
cello],  elevated ;  high,  lofty, 
noble,  42.  15;  64.  20.  Cf.  al- 
tus,  42.  15.^     . 

excipio,  3,  cepi,  ceptus  [capio], 
take  out;  receive,  welcome,  4. 
21  ;  11.  2;  12.  12,  etc. 

excito,  1,  freq.  [excio,  call  out], 
wake,  rouse,  10.  4;  22.  5;  23. 
17,  etc. 


exclamo,  1,  call  ox  cry  out,  shout, 

exclaim,    20.   24;    25.   9;    61. 

26. 
excludd,  3,  si,  sus  [claudo],  shut 

out ;    cut  off,  prevent,  hinder, 

26.  1 ;  32.  1. 
excogito,    1,  think  out,  contrive, 

devise,  18.  6. 
exemplum,    I,  n.,  specimen ;  ex- 
ample, pattern,  model,  49.  19  ; 

copy,  68.  21. 
exeo,  ire,  ii,  itus,  go  out ;  go  away, 

depart,  22.  12;   24.  8,  10,  etc.; 

come  out,  issue,  28.  8 ;  73.  2. 
exerceo,  2,  ul,  itus  [arceo],  drive; 

practice,  carry  into  effect,  63.  8. 
exercitus,   us,  m.,  trained  body ; 

army,  force,  band,  35.  15;  36. 

1,  12,  etc. 
exhaurio,   4,   hausi,   stus,   draw 

out ;  empty,  drink   up,  30.  8  ; 

use  up,  exhaust,  72.  9. 
exhibeo,  2,  ui,  itus  [habeo],  hold 

forth  ;  produce,  show,  give. 
existimd,     1      [aestim5,    value], 

think,  judge,   consider,  21.  17  ; 

32.  2;  55.  19,  etc. 
exitium,  1,  N.,  a  going  out ;  destruc- 
tion,  ruin,  overthrow,  46.  24  ; 

58.  16. 
exorior,   4,   ortus,    come  forth ; 

arise,  begin,  break  out,  38.  8  ; 

52.  9. 
exoro,  1,  pray  out ;  move,  prevail 

upon,  persuade,  induce,  55.  7. 
expedio,  4    [pes],  extricate  ;  pro- 
cure, get,  59.  1. 
expello,  3,  pull,  pulsus,  drive  out; 

thrust  out,  banish,  expel,  2.  4  ; 

15.  19,  20,  etc. 
experimentum,  I,  n.   [experior], 

trial ;  proof  test,  43.  2. 


VOCABULARY. 


141 


experior,  4,  pertus,  try,  prove, 
test,  make  a  test,  46.  16;   66.  2. 

expeto,  3,  ivi,  It  us,  seek  out;  de- 
mand, ask,  55.  II. 

expio,  1,  atone  by  sacred  means ; 
make  amends  for,  atone  for,  ex- 
piate, 40.  5. 

explico,  1,  avi  and  ui,  atus  and 
itus,  unfold ;  display,  spread 
out,  48.  5. 

exploro,  1 ,  cause  to  flow  forth  ; 
examine,  investigate,  spy  out,  ig. 
22;  21.  17. 

expono,  3,  posui,  positus,  set 
forth  ;  leave  to  die,  expose,  set 
forth,  explain,  tell,  44.  28  ;  46. 
22 ;  in  litore,  in  terram,  set 
ashore,   land,    18.    19;   19.   6; 

59-  4- 

exposco,  3,  poposcT,  — ,  ask  from; 
demand,  claim,  41.  17. 

expositio,  onis,  f.  [expono],  a  set- 
ting forth ;  being  exposed,  ex- 
posing, exposure,  34.  6. 

exprimo,  3,  press!,  pressus 
[premo],  press  out,  squeeze  out, 
extract,  8.  25. 

expugno  1,  fight  out ;  take  by 
assault,  take,  capture,  45.  23 ; 
70.  7  ;  overcome,  58.  14. 

expuli.     See  expello. 

exsequor,  3,  secutus,  follow 
after  ;  carry  out,  enforce. 

exsilid,  4,  ul,  —  [salio,  leap], 
spring  out ;  leap  forth,  dart  out, 
15.  1. 


exsilium,  I,  N.  [exsul],  banish- 
ment, exile,  18.  n  ;  46.  26. 

exsistS,  3,  stiti, — ,  step  out; 
come  forth,  become,  be,  36.  21  ; 
happen,  be,  67.  14. 

exspectatio,  onis,  f.  [exspecto], 
awaiting ;  eagerness,  longing, 
desire,  70.  13.  Cf.  cupiditas, 
2.3. 

exspecto,  1,  look  out  for,  watch, 
wait  to  see,  37.  10;  40.  14; 
wait,  wait  for,  await,  5.  14  ; 
11.  19,  24,  etc. 

exspiro,  1,  breathe  out ;  breathe 
one's  last,  expire,  38.  21. 

exstinctus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  ex- 
stingu5],  dead,  52.  1  ;  56.  6. 

exstingud,  3,  nxl,  nctus, /«/  out ; 
deprive  of  life,  56.  3  ;  pass., 
die,  38.  1. 

exsulto,  1,  a vi,  — ,  freq.  [exsilio], 
spring  vigorously ;  exult,  re- 
joice, 39.  12. 

extemplo,  adv.  [tempus],  immedi- 
ately, forthwith,  at  once,  26.  23. 

extra,  prep.  w.  ace.  [ex],  on  the 
outside ;  outside  of,  without,  be- 
yond, 35.  13. 

extraho,  3,  axi,  actus,  draw  or 
pull  out,  remove,  51.  19,  23. 

extremus,  a,  um,  adj.  [exter,  on 
the  outside"],  superl.,  outmost, 
the  end  of,  23.  13. 

extuli.     See  effero. 

exuro,  3,  ussi,  tistus,  burn  up,  de- 
stroy, 47.  9. 


faber,  bri,  m.,  workman  ;  artisan,  fabricd,  1  [fabrica,  workshop], 
carpenter,  smith,  20.  1 5  ;  37.  work ;  construct,  forge,  make, 
12.  37.  13;  60.  25. 


142 


VOCABULARY. 


fabula,    ae,    F.,   speaking ;  story, 

tale,   2.    14;  42.    10;  fable,  48. 

8  ;  49.  8,  18,  etc. 
facetus,  a,  um,  adj.,  fine,  polite, 

witty,  h  um  orous,  jocose. 
facile,  adv.    [facilis],  with   ease ; 

easily,    readily,   without  effort, 

51.  20;    73.    21;  superl.  facil- 

lime,  73.  7. 
facilis,   e,  adj.,  easy  to  do,  easy, 

72.  15. 
f acinus,  oris,  n.,  deed ;  act,  deed, 

action,  39.  25  ;  56.   11  ;  62.  5  ; 

evil  deed,   crime,    42.    1  ;    43. 

12. 
facio,  3,  feci,  f actus,  make,  cause 

to  be,  3.   2  ;  7.   5,   8,  etc. ;  do, 

5.  21;  7.    15,   24,  etc.;   make, 

build,   4.    5  ;  34.    21  ;    42.    5  ; 

form,  69.   2 ;  73.   9  ;  perform, 

2.  22 ;  18.  21 ;  67.  23  ;  appoint, 

37.    18;    azw.w,  |W,   36.    15; 

certiorem,  inform,  6.  4 ;  30.  20; 

31.  3,  etc. ;  verba,  speak,  71.  1. 
factum,  1,  N.  [facio],  thing  done  ; 

deed,  act,  action,  46.  9.    Cf.  faci- 

nus,  39.  25. 
facultas,  atis,  f.    [facilis],   ra/tf- 

£*'//'/)/ ;      chance,      opportunity, 

23.  11. 
fallo,     3,    fefellT,    falsus,    trip ; 

cheat,   deceive,  fail,  disappoint, 

13.  12;  72.  27. 
falso,    adv.     [falsus],     untruly; 

falsely,  erroneously,  73.  8. 
falsus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  fallo], 

deceived ;  feigned,     pretended, 

false,  2.  13. 
fama,  ae,  f.,   that  which  people 

say ;  report,   rumor,   tradition, 

20.    12;  33.  10;  44.  21  ;  fame, 

renown,  72.  2. 


fames,  is,  ¥.,that  which  devours  ; 
hunger,  starvation,  want,  21. 
12  5  30-  5;  fame  morior,  starve 
to  death,  6.  14. 

familia,  ae,  f.  [famulus,  slave], 
slaves  of  a  household ;  so  house- 
hold, family,  race,  58.  1. 

familiaris,  e,  adj.  [familia],  of  a 
household ;  as  noun,  M.,  friend, 
companion,  74.  17. 

familiaritas,  atis,  f.  [familiaris], 
familiar  intercourse,  intimacy, 
intimate  acquaintance,  42.  18. 

famula,  ae,  f.  [famulus,  slave], 
serving  woman,  maidservant, 
slave,  43.   22;    53.   16. 

fanum,  1,  n.  [for],  thing  spoken  ; 
shrine,  sanctuary,  temple,  44. 
20,  22,  27. 

fas  (only  nom.  and  ace.  sing.),  n., 
divine  law  ;  right,  justice. 

fascis,  is,  m.,  bundle,  parcel,  52. 
I7t  l8  ;  53-  2°  5  pl->  fasces, 
rods-and-axe,  symbol  of  power 
over  life  and  death,  60.  12. 

fastus,  a,  um,  adj.  [fas],  accord- 
ing to  divine  law ;  dies,  day  on 
which  the  praetor's  court  was 
open,  secular  day,  37.  18  ;  63.  2. 

fatalis,  e,  adj.  [fatum,  fate],  of 
fate  ;  dangerous,  deadly,  64.  4. 

fatig5,  1  [ago],  weary,  tire, 
fatigue,  53.  13. 

fauces,  ium,  ¥.,  throat,  51.  18,  23; 
61.  4;  jaws,  11.  19. 

Faustulus,  I,  m.,  the  herdsman  of 
Amulius,  33.  13. 

fautor,  5ris,  m.,  favorer, promoter, 
patron,  69.  23. 

fefellit.     See  fallo. 

feles,  is,  f.,  cat,  51.  10,  14. 

feliciter,  adv.  [felix],  abundantly; 


VOCABULARY.  143 

happily,  fortunately,  favorably,  fides,  gen.  fide  (rare),  trust;  be- 

7.  27;   12.  13;  24.  19.  lief,  credence,  credit,  trust,  36. 
felix,  ids,  adj.,  fruitful ;  happy,  15;    41.    16;    65.    1;    pledge, 

fortunate.  word  of  honor,  37.  28. 

femina,   ae,   F.,   she  who  bears ;  fiducia,  ae,   F.    [fidus,  faithful], 

woman,  female,  16.    9;  35.  2;  trusting;    confidence,    reliance, 

43.  22.  trust,  40.  25. 

fera,  ae,  f.  [ferus],  wild  animal,  fieri.     See  fid. 

beast,  50.  2,  3.  figura,   ae,  f.,  form,  figure,  ap- 

fere,  adv.,  closely  ;  almost,  nearly,  pearance,  20.  8. 

26.  10;  60.  23.  filia,  ae,  f.,  daughter,  8.   18;  9. 

ferd,  ferre,  tuli,  latus,  bear,  carry,  14  ;  12.  18,  etc. 

take,  render,  6.  19  ;  10.  19;  12.  filiolus,  1,  M.,  dim.  [filius],  little 

5,  etc.;  bear,  drive,  73.  18;  en-  son,  56.  1,  8. 

dure,  40.  3  ;  61.  14;  74.  7  \  pro-  filius,  1,  M.,  son,  2.  5 ;  6.   7  ;   13. 

pose,  pass,  make,  37.  22  ;  60.  8  ;  6,  etc. 

j-ay,  tell,  42.    24  ;  43.    23;  44.  fingO,    3,     finxi,     f ictus,     touch; 

21,  etc.;  aegre  or  indigne,  take  makeup,  invent, pretend,  2.  14; 

*'//,    be    displeased    at,    8.    19  ;  55.  16;  66.  21. 

14.  13  ;  15.  18,  etc.  finio,  4  [finis],  limit ;  end,  decide, 

ferox,    oris,   adj.,  fierce,   savage,  38.  9;  40.  11. 

bold,    warlike,  39.  10,   19;  41.  finis,    is,     M.,     separating  thing, 

3,  etc.;  comp.  ferocior,   38.  6;  boundary,   61.   21  ;  borders,  so 

superl.  ferocissimus,  43.  12.  pi.,  country,  land,  6.  17  ;  8.  2  ; 

ferrum,  1,  n.,  iron;  sword,  blade,  41.  15,  etc. 

38.  12  ;  39.  10  ;  74.  13.  finitimus,    a,    um,   adj.    [finis], 

ferus,  a,  um,  adj.,  wild,   savage,  bordering   upon;    neighboring, 

untamed,  36.  25;  hard-hearted,  near  by,  8.  24;  as  noun,  m.  pi., 

cruel,  71.  2.  neighboring    tribes,     neighbors, 

fessus,    a,     um,    adj.,     wearied,  35.  5. 

fatigued,   worn   out,  weak,   ex-  fio,  fieri,  factus  sum,  be  made,  69. 

hausted,    18.    1;    39.    11  ;    46.  24;  be  done,  3.  14;  14.  23;  22. 

8.  20,    etc.;    become,    14.    18,  20; 
fetialis,  e,  adj.,  speaking ;  fetial,  result,  happen,  67.  18  ;  71.  16; 

diplomatic,  41.  19,  20.  obviam,  meet,  fall  in  with,  18. 

fictus,  a,  um,  adj.   [p.  of  fingo],  23;  49.  12. 

made ;  feigned,  false,  pretended,  firmitas,      atis,      f.       [firmus], 

46.  2.  strength,      vigor,      endurance, 

fidelis,  e,  adj.  [fides],  of  trust ;  75.  11. 

faithful,  trusty,  56.  2,  4.  firmus,  a,  um,  adj.,  firm,  strong, 

Fidenates,  ium,  m.,  the  people  of  powerful,  52.  20. 

Fidenae,  in  Latium,  40.  12.  flagrans,  antis,  adj.  [p.  of  flagr5, 


144 


VOCABULARY. 


flame],  blazing  ;  burning, glow- 
ing, 23.  14. 

flamen,  inis,  m.,  one  who  lights  a 
sacrificial  fire  ;  special  priest, 
flamen,  37.  2. 

flamma,  ae,  f.,  blazing ;  flame, 
fire,  8.  13;  43.  24;  74.  16,  etc. 

fled,  2,  evl,  etus,  flow;  weep, 
lametit,  shed  tears,  39.  18;  71.  4. 

fldreo,  2,  ui,  —  [flos,  flower], 
bloom  ;  flourish,  prosper,  be  dis- 
tinguished. 

fluctus,  us,  M.,  flowing;  tide, 
wave,  billow,  62.  12. 

flumen,  inis,  n.,  that  which  flows; 
stream,  river,  3.  3 ;  8.  1 ;  13. 
18,  etc. 

foculus,  1,  m.  [focus,  fireplace], 
sacrificial  hearth ;  fire  pan, 
brazier,  47.  5. 

foedus,  eris,  N.,  a  trusting;  com- 
pact, treaty,  league,  36.  5 ;  38. 
12,  14,  etc. 

tons,  fontis,  m.,  spring,  fountain, 
5.  18,  19;  18.  22,  etc. 

foras,  adv.,  to  the  doors ;  out 
through  the  doors,  out  of  doors, 
out,  28.  8  ;  43.  19. 

fore,  foret.     See  sum. 

forensis,  e,  adj.  [forum],  of  the 
forum ;  public,  legal,  67.  17. 

foris,  is,  F.,  door ;  pi.,  folding 
doors,  double  door,  30.  2. 

foris,  adv.,  out  at  the  doors  ;  out 
of  doors,  outside,  without,  28. 
10.     Cf.  foras. 

fdrma,  ae,  f.,  form,  figure,  ap- 
pearance, 29.  12  ;  36.  18  ;form, 
shape,  37.  13;  60.  23;  beauty, 

5-  17;  54-7- 
formido,    inis,    f.,    fearfulness ; 
fear,  dread,  terror,  49.    10. 


formositas,  atis,  f.  [formosus], 
beauty,    48.  6.      Cf.   forma,    5. 

17- 

formosus,  a,  um,  adj.  [forma], 
full  of  beauty  ;  beautiful,  hand- 
some (superl.),  18.  9  ;  66.  6. 

fortasse,  adv.,  perhaps,  probably, 
possibly,  48.  10. 

forte,  adv.  [abl.  of  fors,  chance], 
by  a  chance ;  by  chance,  as  it 
happened,  accidentally,  22.  23  ; 
33-  7;  35-  i3>etc. 

fortiter,  adv.  [fortis,  brave], 
strongly ;  bravely,  valiantly, 
manfully,  75.  16  ;  superl.  for- 
tissime,  35.  25. 

fortitudd,  inis,  f.  [fortis,  brave], 
braveness ;  manliness,  courage, 
bravery,  44.  3. 

fortuna,  ae,  f.  [fors,  chance], 
that  which  belongs  to  chance; 
fortune,  fate,    chance,    21.    25; 

40.  14  ;  52.  14,  etc.;  pi.,  prop- 
erty, fortune,  42.  9. 

Forum,  1,  N.,  open  space ;  public 
square,  Forum,  the  open  space 
between  the  Capitoline  and 
Palatine  hills,  surrounded  by 
porticoes  and  shops,  35.  23  ; 
45.  J3  5  59-  27»  etc. 

fossa,  ae,  f.  [fossus,  p.  of  fodio, 
dig],  thing  dug ;  ditch,  trench, 
44.  16. 

foveo,  2,  fovi,  fotus,  warm,  keep 
warm,  52.  2  ;  assist,  support, 
favor. 

fragor,  oris,  m.,  a  breaking;  crash, 
crashing,  noise,  din,  36.  14. 

frang5,  3,  fregi,  fractus,  break  in 
pieces,  break,  52.  18,  20  ;  60.  12  ; 
shatter,    break    down,    weaken, 

41.  2. 


VOCABULARY. 


145 


frater,   tris,  m.,  brother,  2.  I,  4; 

10.  22,  etc. 
fraudo,  1  [fraus],  cheat,  defraud, 

rob,  43.  11. 
fraus,  audis,  F.,  cheating ;  deceit, 

trickery,  crime,  2.  16  ;  24.  23  ; 

45.  8,  etc. 
freno,   1   [frenum],  furnish  with 

a  bridle ;   curb,  check,  restrain, 

25.  22. 
frenum,    1,    n.,   holding    thing; 

bridle,     curb,    bit,    pi.,     reins, 

45-  16. 
frequentius,  adv.,  comp.  of  fre- 
quenter   [frequens,    repeated], 

often  ;  in  greater  numbers,  by 

many,  40.  24. 
frigus,  oris,  N.,  cold,  frost,  52.  I. 
frons,  frontis,  f.,  forehead,  brow, 

20.  11. 
fructus,  us,  M.,  an  enjoying  ;  prod- 
uct, fruit,  18.  24. 
frumentor,    1    [frumentum],  get 

corn  ;  forage,  27.  8. 
frumentum,    1,    n.,  corn,   grain, 

27.  9. 
frustra,  adv.,   in  error ;   without 

effect,  in  vain,  to  no  purpose,  5. 

24;  12.  2  ;  15.  14,  etc. 


frustror,  1  [frustra],  deceive,  dis- 
appoint, trick,  55.   16. 

Fufetius,  i,  M.,  Mettius  Fufetius, 
leader  of  the  Albans,  38.  8. 

fuga,  ae,  f.,  a  fleeing;  flight,  run- 
ning away,  10.  20,  21  ;  39.  1  , 
etc. 

fugio,  3,  fugl,  — ,  flee,  fly,  take 
flight,  run  away,  12.  22 ;  13. 
8,  17,  etc. 

fugo,  1  [fuga],  cause  to  flee ; 
put  to  flight,  rout,  5g.  7. 

fulgeo,  2,  f ulsT,  — ,  flash  ;  gleam, 
glisten,  shine,  38.  18. 

fulmen,  inis,  N.,  flashing  thing ; 
lightning,  thunderbolt,  37.  4, 
6;  41.  4,  etc. 

fund5,  3,  fudi,  fusus,  pour  ;  shed, 
let  fall,  59.  23  ;  scatter,  rout, 
overcome,  defeat,  41.  23  ;  62. 
14. 

fungor,  3,  functus,  busy  one- 
self; perform,  discharge,  60.  21. 

furor,  oris,  M.  [furo,  rage],  rag- 
ing ;   rage,  fury,  passion,    16. 

13 ;  24. 5- 

furto,  adv.   [abl.    of  furtum],  by 

stealth,  secretly,  37.  12. 
futiirus,  a,  um  [fut.  p.  of  sum], 
future,  destined,  coming,  64.  1. 


Gabii,  orum,  m.,  an  ancient  city  Gallia,  ae,    F.,   the  province   of 

of  Latium,  45.  22.                         ,  Gaul,  now  France,  60.  21. 

Gabini,  5rum,  m.,  people  of  Gabii,  gallina,  ae,  F.  [gallus],  hen,  fowl, 

Gabines,  45.  24.  50.  12,  14,  15. 

Gades,    ium,    f.,    a    Phoenician  gallus,  1,  M.,  cock,  53.  12,  14. 

colony  in  Spain,  59.  21.  gaudeo,  2,  gavisus  sum,  rejoice, 

galea,    ae,   F.,   covering ;  helmet,  be  glad,  be  pleased,  6.  17. 

10.  6.  gaudium,  1,  n.,  inward  joy  ;  joy, 


146 


VOCABULARY. 


rejoicing,  gladness,  delight,  2. 
11  ;  12.  11  ;  18.  4,  etc. 

geminatus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of 
gemino,  double],  doubled ;  two- 
fold, double,  39.   10. 

geminus,  a,  um,  adj.,  born  to- 
gether ;  double,  two-faced,  37. 
18  ;  as  noun,  m.  pi.,  twin  sons, 
twins,  33.   5. 

gener,  eri,  m.,  daughter's  husband, 
son-in-law,  44.  8  ;  61.  11. 

genitus.     See  gigno. 

gens,  gentis,  f.,  race;  nation, 
people,  tribe,  34.  25  ;  36.  20. 

genus,  eris,  N.,  birth,  family,  66. 
5  ;  kind,  manner,  method,  style, 
form,  6.  8. 

German!,  orum,  m.,  Germans, 
60.  23. 

gero,  3,  gessi,  gestus,  bear ;  bear, 
carry,  wield,  have,  28.  17  ;  29. 
I3  5  38.  17,  etc.  ;  wear,  2.  21  ; 
35.  17  ;  wage,  carry  on,  37.  30  ; 
68.  24  ;  do,  accomplish,  pass.,  be 
done,  go  on,  take  place,  11.  23  ; 
12.  14;  13.  15,  etc.  ;  manage, 
6g.  17  ;  71.  11,  14,  etc. ;  w.  se, 
conduct  oneself,  act,  behave, 
play  part  {of),  33.  11  ;  58.  22  ; 
rem  bene  gero,  strike  a  success- 
ful blow,  8.  17;  21.  14;  23. 
12.  etc. ;  res  gestae,  deeds, 
achievements,  74.  3. 

gesto,  1,  freq.  [ger5],  bear  con- 
tinually;  wear,  64.  25. 

gigas,  antis,  m.,  giant,  20.  10,  20; 
23.  1. 

gigno,  3,  genu!,  genitus,  produce; 
pass.,  spring  up,  arise,  9.  22, 
25 ;  10.  2  ;  genitus,  w.  ex, 
descended  from,  son  of,  43.  21  ; 
58.  1. 


gladius,  1,  M.,  sword,  7.  2 ;  10.  6, 

12,  etc. 
Glauce,  es  or  ae,  f.,  daughter  of 

Creon,  king  of  Corinth,  15.  23. 
gldria,  ae,  f.,  glory,  fame,  renown, 

4.  8;  41.   5;  45.  3. 
gloriosior,    ius,    adj.,    comp.    of 

gloriosus  [gloria],  full  of  glory  ; 

glorious,  brilliant,  to  be  proud  of , 

71.  28. 
Gnaeus.     See  Pompeius,  60.  6. 
gradus,  us,  M.,  step,  stair,  45.  12. 
Graecia,  ae,  f.,  Greece,  4.  7. 
Graecus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  Greece, 

Greek,  63.  13;  as  noun,  M.  pi., 

Greeks,  1*7.  1. 
Graius,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  the  Greeks; 

as  noun,  M.  pi.,  Greeks,  72.  1. 
graphium,    1,    n.,    writing-style, 

64.  14. 
grassor,  1,  intens.  [gradior,  step], 

advance,   make  an   attack,  55. 

21. 
gratia,  ae,  f.  [gratus,  pleasing], 

that    which    gives     pleasure; 
favor,  esteem,  6g.    11  ;  73.  24  ; 

gratitude,  thanks,  7.  9,  24  ;  12. 

12,  etc.;  abl.  as  prep.  w.  gen., 

on  account  of,  for  the  sake  of 
for,  44.  6;  59.  19;  60.  17. 
gratulor,  1  [gratus],  manifest  joy; 

rejoice,  exult,    39.    14  ;    rejoice 

with,  congratulate,  40.  18. 
gravis,    e,    adj.,    heavy,    57.    3 ; 

weighty,     important,      75.     1  ; 

annoying,     61.     14;      serious, 

painful,  dangerous,  16.  11  ;  25. 

3  ;  29.  2,  etc. ;  heavy,  deep,  28. 

15  ;  severe,  62.  3. 
graviter,  adv.  [gravis],  heavily  ; 

severely,  seriously,  dangerously, 

23.  23  ;  bitterly,  48.  11  ;  deeply, 


VOCABULARY. 


147 


violently,  10.   17  ;  12.   20  ;  16.  grus,  gruis,  m.  and  f.,  crane,  48. 

2,  etc.  5,  6;  51.  19. 

grav5,    1  [gravis],  make  heavy;  Grynium,  1,  n.,   a  town  and  fort 

burden,  oppress,  56.   21  ;  over-  in  Phrygia,  73.  14. 


come,   23.  9. 
gressus,   us,   m.,   stepping ;  step, 

49-  15- 
grex,    gis,    m.,    flock,   herd,    55. 


gubernator,  oris,  m.  [guberno], 
steersman,  helmsman,  pilot,  62. 
9,  n. 

guberno,  1,  steer,  pilot,  26.  14. 

gustd,  1  [gustus,  tasting],  take  a 
little  of,  taste,  18.  26 ;  23.  2. 


H 


habeo,  2,  ul,  itus,  grasp  ;  have, 
possess,  own,  3.   23  ;  5.    15  ;  6. 

10,  etc.  ;  have,  carry,  wear,  35. 
20 ;  46.  23  ;  hold,  call,  36.  13  ; 
regard,  consider,  64.  18 ;  75. 
19;  carry  on,  hold,  68.  3;  in 
animo,  intend,  2.  5  ;  16.  2  ;  31. 

11,  etc. 

habitd,  1,  freq.  [habe5],  keep 
possession  of;  have  as  a  house, 
dwell,  live,  live  in,  inhabit,  20. 
1;  40'.  24,  25. 

haedus,  1,  m.,  young  goat,  kid, 
48.1. 

Harpyiae,  arum,  f.,  Harpies, 
loathsome  birds  with  maidens' 
faces,  6.  10. 

haruspex,  icis,  m.,  interpreter  of 
the  entrails  of  victims  ;  sooth- 
sayer, 64.  3. . 

hasta,  ae,  f.,  spear,  javelin,  41. 

17. 

haud,  adv.,  not,  not  at  all,  4.  18  ; 
6.   13;  24.  1,  etc. 

haurid,  4,  si,  stus,  draw  up; 
drain,  drink  up,  23.  3. 

Hellespontus,  i,  M.,  the  Helles- 
pont, modern  strait  of  Darda- 
nelles, 70.  6. 


herba,  ae,  f.,  springingvegetalion; 

herb,  plant,  8.  24;  14.  25  ;  15. 

7,  etc. 
herbidus,    a,    um,    adj.    [herba], 

full  of  grass  ;  grassy,  49.  1. 
Hercules,  is,  m.,   son  of  Jupiter 

and  Alcmena  ;  god  of  strength, 

4.9- 

hermae,  arum,  f.,  hermae,  pillars 
bearing  heads  of  Hermes, 
67.  7. 

hesternus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  yester- 
day ;  w.  dies,  yesterday,  the  day 
previous,  11.  6. 

hie,  adv.,  here,  25.  20  ;  29.  15. 

hie,  haec,  hoc,  demonst.  pron., 
this,  the  latter,  he,  she,  etc.,  2. 
2,  10;  3.  7,  etc. 

hiems,  emis,  f.,  winter,  cold, 
62.  3. 

nine,  adv.,  from  this  place  ;  from 
here,  hence,  39.  22  ;  hinc  .  .  . 
hinc,  on  this  side  .  .  .  on  the 
other,  36.  3,  4 ;  hence,  so,  50.  13. 

Hippomcus,  T,  m.,  father-in-law  of 
Socrates,  66.  19. 

Hispania,  ae,  f.,  the  Roman 
province  of  Spain,  59.  11. 

historicus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  history; 


148 


VOCABULARY. 


as  noun,  m.,  writer  of  history, 
historian,  75.  I. 

Homerus,  1,  m.,  the  poet  Homer 
[about  B.C.  900],  17.  2. 

homo,  inis,  m.  and  f.,  human- 
being;  man,    2.    24 ;   3.    7  ;  4. 

3,  eto. 

honos  or  honor,  oris,  m.,  that 
which  profits ;  honor,  distinc- 
tion, office,  duty,  50.  10  ;  64. 
24;  71.  10. 

hora,    ae,    f.,  hour ;  time,  hour, 

4.  21  ;  5.  13;  6.  24,  etc.;  in 
h5ras,  every  hour,  25.  3. 

Horatius,     1,     m.,    one    of    the 

Horatii,  38.  10. 
horribilis,      e,      adj.       [horred, 

shudder],  to  be  shuddered  at; 

terrible,   fearful,    dreadful,    6. 

9;  8.  13  ;  20.  8,  etc. 
horror,   oris,   m.,  shaking;  fear, 

dread,  terror,  38.  19. 
hortor,   1,  urge,  bid,  11.  3;  ig. 

15;  22.  1,  etc. 
hortus,  I,  m.,  garden,  46.  6. 
hospes,     itis,     M.,     entertainer; 

host,   35.    27 ;  guest,   stranger, 

25.  9  ;  guest-friend,  74.  18. 
hospitium,   I,   n.  [hospes],   that 


pertaining  to  a  guest ;  enter- 
tainment, welcome,  hospitality, 
4.  21 ;  18.  23  ;  25.  23,  etc. 

(hospitus),  a,  (um),  adj.,  only 
F.  sing.,  hospitable ;  strange, 
foreign,  46.  28. 

Hostilius,  1,  m.  See  Tullus, 
38.  5. 

Hostilius,  i,  m.,  a  famous  Roman 
who  fell  in  the  war  with  the 
Sabines,  35.  24. 

hostis,  is,  m.  and  F.,  enemy,  foe, 
13-  17;  35-  27;  39-  i>  etc. 

hue,  adv.,  to  this  place,  hither, 
48.  17  ;  58.  20. 

humanitas,  atis,  f.  [humanus], 
human  nature  ;  kindness,  polite- 
ness,      refinement,       elegance, 

73-  13- 

humanus,  a,  um,  adj.  [homo], 
of  man;  human,  man's,  20.  8  ; 
29.  16;  30.   18,  etc. 

humi,  adv.  [loc.  of  humus],  on 
the  ground,  21.  13. 

hydrus,  1,  m.,  water-serpent, 
snake,  55.  12. 

Hylas,  ae,  m.,  one  of  the  Argo- 
nauts, 5.  17. 


iaceo,  2,  ui,  — ,  lie,  16.  26  ;  49. 
4  ;  56.  2  ;  lie  dead,  be  prostrate, 

39-  13- 

iacio,  3,  ieci,  iactus,  throw ;  cast, 
throw,  let  fall,  let  go,  18.  18  ; 
61.  25. 

iam,  adv.,  at  this  moment;  at 
once,  straightway,  35.  26  ;  now, 
already,  5.  7,  15;  14.  7,  etc.  ; 
soon,  at  length,  at  last,  5.   11 ; 


22.    5;  already,   even,   12.   17  ; 

22.  2 ;  44.  20,  etc. 
iamdudum,  adv.  [iam,  diu,  dum], 

now  a  long  time ;  for  a  long 

time,  long,  26.  15. 
Ianiculum,  i,  N.,  of  Janus ;  one 

of  the  hills  of  Rome,  Mt.  Jani- 

culum,  38.  2. 
ianua,  ae,  f.,  door,  gate,  entrance, 

28.  7  ;  67.  9. 


VOCABULARY. 


149 


Ianus,  I,  m.,  Janus,  an  old  Italian 

god,  37.  18. 
Iason,    onis,    M.,    Jason,   son   of 

Aeson,  2.  5. 
ibi,  ad^.,  in  that  place,  there,  3. 

n  ;  4.  21;  5.  13,  etc. 
ibidem,  adv.,  [ibi+dem]  in  the 

same  place,  on  the  spot,  47.  9. 
(lCO),  3,  lei,   ictus,   strike,  smite, 

41.  4  ;  w.  foedus,  make  a  treaty, 

enter  into  a  compact,  36.  5  ;  38. 

12,  14,  etc. 
idem,  eadem,  idem,  pron.,  that  or 

the  very  persoji  or  thing  ;  same, 

that  same,  and  he,  etc.,  4.  24  ; 

12.  25  ;  13.  22,  etc. 
ideo,    adv.,  for   that    reason,   on 

that  account,  therefore,  64.  23  ; 

73-  20. 
idoneus,  a,  um,  adj.  fit,  suitable, 

proper,  4.  16  ;  5.  10  ;  11.  6,  etc. 
Idus,  uum,  F.,  Ides,  middle  of  the 

month    (the  13th  day,  but  the 

15th    in    March,    May,     July, 

October),  63.  28. 
ieiunus,    a,    um,    adj.,  fasting; 

hungry,  56.    14. 
igitur,  conj.,  therefore,  thereupon, 

accordingly,  consequently,  2.  8, 

17;  3.  4,  etc.     Cf.  ideo,  64.  23. 
ignarus,    a,    um,    adj.    [gnarus, 

knowing],    not   knowing,    igno- 
rant of  28.   19. 
Ignave,  adv.  [Tgnavus,  sluggish], 

slothfully,  without  spirit. 
ignis,  is,  m.,  fire,  14.  25  ;  16.  7  ; 

20.  15,  etc. 
Ign5ro,    1,    not  know ;   be   unac- 
quainted,   be  ignorant,  19.  21  ; 

68.  1. 
ignosco,  3,  n5vi,  notus,  pardon, 

forgive,  overlook,  62.  28. 


ign5tus,  a,  um,   adj.,   unknown, 

strange,    unfamiliar,    19.    20  ; 

60.  26. 
Ilias,  ados,  f.,  the  Iliad,  a  Greek 

epic  poem,  17.  3. 
llico,   adv.   [for  inloco],  in   that 

very    place,    suddenly,    on    the 

spot,  56.  21  ;  64.  10. 
ille,  a,  ud,  ius,  dem.  pron.,  that 

yonder,  that,  the  former,  he,  2. 

12,  17  ;  3.  9,  etc. 
illlC,    adv.    [ille],    in   that  place, 

there,  59.  14;  61.  6. 
imag5,  inis,  F.,  imitation  ;  empty 

form,    semblance,    likeness,    34. 

21  ;  statue,  59.  23. 
imbecillus,   a,   um,    adj.,   weak, 

feeble,  52.  21  ;  54.  21. 
imbellis,   e,   adj.    [bellum],   un- 

warlike,  cowardly,  35.  27. 
imber,  bris,  m.,  rain,  heavy  rain, 

storm,  65.  3. 
imbuo,  3,  ui,  utus,  cause  to  drink 

in  ;  fill,  infect,  imbue,  37.  28. 
imitor,    1,     freq.,    imitate,   copy 

after,  75.  17. 
immanis,     e,     adj.,     monstrous, 

enormous,  huge,  56.  3. 
immanitas,   atis,   f.    [immanis], 

savageness,  cruelty,   barbarism, 

25.  10. 
immaturus,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  ripe; 

unseasonable,  untimely,  39.  22  ; 

42.  7. 
immensus,  a,  um,  adj.,  immeasur- 
able, vast,  very  great,  excessive, 

47.  4;  63.  12. 
immeritus,  a,  um,  adj.,  undeserv- 
ing ;     undeserved,     unmerited, 

50.  10. 
immitto,  3,  misi,  missus,  send  in; 

let  in,  admit,  drive  in,  30.  25. 


150 


VOCABULARY. 


immoderatus,  a,  urn,  adj.,  bound- 
less ;  unrestrained,  excessive, 
68.  14. 

immodestia,  ae,  f.  [immodestus, 
unrestrained] ,  insubordination, 
lawlessness,  J2.  26. 

immolo,  1,  sprinkle  with  sacri- 
ficial meal ;  offer  up,  sacrifice, 
44.  27  ;  45.  2. 

immortalis,  e,  adj.,  undying,  im- 
mortal, 47.  18  ;  64.  1. 

impar,  paris,  adj.,  not  equal ;  not 
a  match  for ;  unable  to  cope 
with,  39.  I. 

impatiens,  entis,  adj.,  that  can- 
not bear ;  intolerant,  not  bear- 
ing, impatient,  62.  6. 

impedio,  4,  entangle  the  feet ; 
hinder,  retard,  delay,  13.  10. 

impello,  3,  pull,  pulsus,  strike 
against,  move,  impel,  induce, 
lead,  16.  14  ;  24.  6. 

impended,  2,  —  ,  — ,  hang  over  ; 
threaten,  be  near  or  at  hand, 
68.  16. 

imperator,  oris,  m.  [imper5],  he 
who  commands ;  commander, 
leader,  chief,  66.  7. 

imperatum,  I,  n.  [p.  of  impero], 
that  which  is  ordered ;  com- 
mand, order,  18.  21. 

imperfectus,  a,  um,  adj.,  un- 
finished, not  ended,  61.  16. 

imperitus,  a,  um,  adj.,  inex- 
perienced; unskilled,  50.  20. 

imperium,  I,  n.  [impero]  empire, 
63.  10  ;  command,  authority, 
power,  sway,  34.  13,  20  ;  37.  7, 
etc. 

impero,  1  [paro],  command, 
order,  bid,  9.  23  ;  28.  25  ;  30. 
24  ;  demand,  levy,  raise,  60.  27. 


impetrd,  1  [patro,  gain],  gain 
oneys  end ;  obtain,  procure,  get, 
31.  15;  58.  11. 

impetus,  us,  M.,  attack,  charge, 
onset,  7.  5;  29.  23  ;  30.  14, 
etc.;  violence,  fury,  39.  5. 

impius,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  reverent ; 
wicked,  foul,  unnatural,  un- 
patriotic, 35.  20. 

implied,  1,  avi  or  ui,  atus  or  itus, 
fold  in;  seize,  attack,  disable, 
41.  1. 

imploro,  1,  invoke  with  tears; 
beg,  entreat,  beseech,  55.  15. 

impdno,  3,  posui,  positus,  place 
ox  put  upon,  9.  12;  24.  18; 
53.  6,  etc. ;  place,  put,  or  lay 
in,  33.  7 ;  57.  1  ;  place  on 
board,  man,  12.  21. 

imprimis  or  in  primis,  adv., 
among  the  first ;  chiefly,  es- 
pecially, principally,  63.  10. 

impudentia,  ae,  f.  [impudens, 
shameless],  shamelessness,  im- 
pudence. 

in,  prep.,  in :  w.  ace,  into,  upon, 
to,  for,  2.  23;  3.  5,  19,  etc.; 
according  to,  after,  10.  6;  12. 
7 ;  toward,  6.  7  ;  12.  17 ;  in 
aeternum,  forever,  19.  2  ;  w. 
abl.,  in,  on,  among,  2.  1,  5; 
3,  2.  etc.;  at,  2.  19;  5.  13; 
amid,  at  a  time  of,  39.  20  ;  in 
proximo,  near  by,  in  the  vicin- 
ity, 34.  22. 

inambuld,  1,  — ,  — ,  walk  up  and 
down,  pass  to  and  fro,  46.  6. 

inanis,  e,  adj.,  empty,  deserted, 
73.  3 ;  fruitless,  useless,  vain, 
unprofitable,  51.  5. 

incedo,  3,  cessi,  cessus,  fall  upon; 
advance,  march,  move,  49.  15. 


VOCABULARY. 


151 


incendium,  I,  NM  a  burning ;  fire, 

flames,    conflagration,    74.    15, 

22,  25. 
incendo,  3,  di,  ensus,  set  on  fire  ; 

kindle,  light,  make  (a  fire), 
incertus,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  fixed ; 

not  certain,  undecided,  doubtful, 

53-  16. 
incido,  3,  di,  —  [cado],/a//  into, 

24.  4  ;  25.   3 ;  happen  to  be,  be 

made  by  chance,  46.  1 5. 
incido,  3,  di,   sus  [caedo,   cut], 

cut  into ;   cut  upon,  carve,  68. 

22. 
incipio,  3,  cepi,  ceptus  [capio], 

take  hold,  take  in  hand,  begin. 
incito,  1,  set  in   rapid  motion; 

spur   on,   incite,   drive,   45.  9 ; 

50.  21. 
inclamo,    1,   call  on;   shout  to, 

call  upon,  3Q.  6. 
includo,  3,  si,  sus  [claudo],  shut 

in ;    enclose,   confine,   keep,   9. 

10 ;  26.  6,  16,  etc. 
inclutus,  a,  um,  adj.,  celebrated, 

renowned,  famous,  36.  23  ;  43. 

1  ;  44.  20. 
incognitus,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  ex- 
amined;  not  known,  unknown, 

46.  28. 
incola,  ae,  m.,  one  who  dwells  in 

a  place  ;  inhabitant,    citizen,  5. 

2,  7  ;  6.  3,  etc. 
incolo,  3,  ui,  — ,  be  at  home,  live, 

60.  24  ;  dwell   in,   inhabit,   w. 

ace,  20.  6,  14  ;  27.  7. 
incolumis,  e,   adj.,  unimpaired ; 

unharmed,  safe,  sound,   7.  20, 

24;  16.  21,  etc. 
incredibilis,  e,  adj.,  not  to  be  be- 
lieved;     incredible,     extraordi- 
nary, 7.  14;    52.  10  ;  65.  4. 


increpo,  1,  ui,  itus,  crash,  re- 
sound, 38.  18;  upbraid,  rebuke, 
chide,    reprove,  34.  18  ;  39.  21. 

incresco,  3,  evi,  — ,  grow  upon  ; 
increase,  grow,  rise,  42.  3. 

incursio,  onis,  F.,  running  into  ; 
hostile  inroad,  invasion,  41.  9  ; 
50.  2. 

inde,  adv.,  from  there,  thence,  62. 
1  ;  68.  17;  75.  8  ;  after  that, 
then,  thereupon,  42.  13 ;  46. 
18,  etc. 

index,  icis,  m.  and  f.,  one  who 
points  out ;  sign,  mark,  37.  19. 

indicium,  1,  n.,  notice  ;  evidence, 
sign,  proof,  indication,  64.  1. 

indico,  1  [index],  point  out ;  de- 
clare, inform,  disclose,  make 
known,  reveal,  33.  20. 

indico,  3,  xT,  dictus,  declare  pub- 
licly, announce,  proclaim,  de- 
clare, 35.  5;  40.  26;  41.  11, 
etc. 

indignatio,  onis,  f.  [indlgnor, 
deem  unworthy] ,  displeasure, 
anger,  27.  4. 

indigne,  adv.  [indlgnus,  un- 
worthy], unworthily  ;  w.  fero, 
take  ill,  be  angry,  45.  23. 

indoles,  is,  F.,  inborn  quality ; 
nature,  character,  disposition, 
34.  3  ;  49.  8. 

induo,  3,  ui,  utus,  put  on,  16.  6, 
10,  11;  clothe,  dress,  wrap, 
50.  6. 

industria,  ae,  f.  [industrius, 
active],  activity ;  diligence,  ac- 
tivity, zeal,  42.  18. 

ineo,  Ire,  ivi  and  ii,  itus,  go  into  ; 
enter  upon,  form,  devise,  3.  8; 
8.  23;  begin,  61.  3;  acquire, 
obtain,  73.  24. 


152 


VOCABULARY. 


inermis,  e,  adj.  [arma],  unarmed, 
defenceless,  50.  18. 

infamia,  ae,  f.  [infamis,  of  ill 
repute],  ill  fame,  bad  repute, 
disgrace,  reproach,  67.  23. 

infamo,  1  [infamis,  of  ill  repute], 
bring  into  ill  repute  ;  dishonor, 
brand,  75.  1. 

infandus,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  to  be 
spoken  ;  unheard  of,  unnatural, 
shocking,  awful,  13.  5. 

infans,  fantis,  adj.,  that  cannot 
speak;  as  noun,  m.  and  F., 
little  child,  infant,  babe,  33.  10. 

infectus,  a,  um,  adj.  [f actus], 
not  done ;  unaccomplished,  un- 
done, 19.  13. 

infelix,  ids,  adj.,  not  fruitful ; 
unlucky,  tmfortunate,  ill-fated, 
16.  26. 

infero,  ferre,  tuli,  latus,  bear  in  ; 
bring  upon,  w.  ace.  and  dat., 
14.  15;  23.  25;  62.  16,  etc.; 
w.  se,  betake  oneself,  repair, 
go  into,  37.  27  ;  present  or  ex- 
pose oneself,  advance,  36.  3. 

infesto,  1,  — , —  [infestus], 
threaten ;  molest,  trouble,  in- 
fest, 33.  24. 

infestus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of 
infendo],  striking;  hostile, 
threatening,  38.  16  ;  54.  22. 

inficid,  3,  feci,  fectus  [facio], 
make  or  put  in;  dip,  plunge, 
11.  18;  soak,  imbue,  16.  5. 

infirmus,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  strong  ; 
weak,  feeble. 

inflatus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  infio, 
blow  into],  swelled  up  ;  inflated, 
filled  with  air,  65.  6  ;  elated, 
puffed  up,  made  proud,  54. 
10. 


infligd,  3,  ixi,  ictus,  dash  upon  ; 
give  to,  infiict  upon,  52.  4. 

infra,  adv.  [for  infera,  sc.  parte], 
on  the  under  side ;  below,  be- 
neath, 64.  13. 

(infrendo),  3,  — ,  — ,  strike 
upon  ;  only  pres.  part.,  gnash, 
grind  together,  51.  21. 

infundo,  3,  fudi,  fusus,  pour  in, 
throw  in,  14.  25. 

ingemo,  3,  ui,  — ,  groan,  mourn, 
lament,  sigh,  59.  23. 

ingenium,  i,  n.,  that  which  is 
born  in;  nature,  temperament, 
disposition,  45.  7  ;  75.  II  ;  tal- 
ent, cleverness,  ability,  71.  20. 
Cf.  indoles. 

ingens,  entis,  adj.,  not  of  its  kind, 
unnatural ;  huge,  mighty,  ter- 
rible, 7.   11;  9.   10;  10.  5,  etc. 

ingenuus,  a,  um,  adj.,  born  in, 
native;  free-born,  of  free 
parents,  43.  8. 

ingredior,  3,  gressus  [gradior], 
go  into,  enter,  42.  16  ;  56.  16. 

inhaereo,  2,  si,  sus,  cling  upon  ; 
stick  fast,  become  wedged  in,  51. 
18. 

inhibeo,  2,  ui,  itus  [habeo],  hold 
in ;  restrain,  hold  back,  draw 
in,  45.   16. 

inhio,  1,  stand  open,  gape;  be 
eager  for,  long  for,  desire, 
50.  16. 

inicio,  3,  ieci,  iectus  [iacid], 
throw  in ;  cast  upon,  inspire, 
occasion,  cause,  67.  13  ;  throw 
over,  put  on,  apply,  3g.  27  ;  w. 
manus  and  dat.,  lay  hands  on, 
seize,  23.  18. 

inimicus,  a,  um,  adj.  [amicus], 
not    friendly ;       hostile,      un- 


VOCABULARY. 


153 


friendly,  5.  3  ;  superl.,  58.  4  ; 
as  noun,  m.,  enemy,  foe,  12.  17  ; 
54.  21  ;  64.  26,  etc. 

initium,  I,  N.,  agoing  into;  begin- 
ning;  abl.  as  adv.,  in  the  be- 
ginning, at  first,  69.  19. 

iniuria,  ae,  f.  [iniurius,  unlaw- 
ful], injustice  ;  wrong,  outrage, 
injury,  16.  3;  21.  2;  hurt, 
harm,  61.  19. 

inlacrimo,  1  [lacrima],  weep  up- 
on ;  sorrow  for,  bewail,  lament, 
71.  2. 

innitor,  3,  nixus,  lean  upon ; 
support  oneself  'on,  65.  6. 

inopia,  ae,  f.  [inops,  without  re- 
sources], want;  want,  need, 
poverty,  53.  21. 

inquam,  defect,  verb,  say,  23. 
11  ;  24.  1 ;  29.  15,  etc. 

inrideo,  2,  risi,  risus,  laugh  at ; 
mock,   ridicule,   make  fun   of, 

34-  17- 

inrit5,  1,  incite,  stimulate,  insti- 
gate, stir  up,  51.  2. 

inruo,  3,  rui,  — ,  rush  in,  press 
in,  enter  eagerly,  31.  1  ;  rush 
upon,  attack,  55.  17  ;  64.  18. 

insania,  ae,  F.  [Insanus],  un- 
soundness of  mind,  insanity, 
madness,  24.  4. 

insanus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  unsound 
mind,  insane,  mad. 

insciens,  entis,  adj.,  not  knowing, 
unaware;  patre,  without  his 
father's  knowledge,  10.  22. 

insequor,  3,  seciitus,  follow  up- 
on ;  foil 07V,  come  after,  40.  26  ; 
pursue,  start  in  pursuit,  12. 
22. 

insero,  3,  sevi,  situs,  plant  in ; 
implant,  plant,  sow,  9.  21. 


Inservio,  4,  — ,  Itus,  be  service- 
able;  devote  oneself,  75.  9,   12. 

insideo,  2,  sedl,  —  [sedeo],  sit 
upon,  occupy,  42.  12. 

insidiae,  arum,  f.,  a  lying  in  am- 
bush ;  plot,  scheme,  trick,  28. 
10;  43.  11 ;  62.  16,  etc.;  treach- 
ery, 18.  1. 

insidior,  1  [insidiae],  lie  in  am- 
bush ;  lie  in  wait  for,  waylay, 
33-  18;  54.  14. 

insigne,  is,  n.  [Insignis],  mark, 
sign,  43.  9  ;  63.  25. 

insignis,  e,  adj.,  distinguished  by 
a  mark ;  famous,  noted,  emi- 
nent, prominent,  conspicuous, 
35-  24  ;  37-  2  ;  44.  3  ;  N.  as 
noun,  remarkable  deed,  exploit, 
60.  28. 

insolentius,  adv.,  comp.  of  Inso- 
lenter  [Insolens,  excessive], 
immoderately ;  rather  inso- 
lently, haughtily,  63.  20. 

institud,  3,  ul,  utus  [statuo],  put 
in  place  ;  instititte,  establish,  or- 
ganize, 36.  26;  63.  8;  determine 
on,  decide,  resolve,  2g.  19;  69. 12. 

institutum,  I,  n.  [p.  of  Instituo], 
thing  established ;  institution, 
law,  custom,  37.  23. 

insto,  1,  stiti,  staturus,  stand  up- 
on; approach,  press  upon, 
be  at  hand,  67.  28. 

instruS,  3,  uxi,  iictus,  build  in  ; 
build  up,  fit  out,  63.  9;  prepare, 
furnish,  provide,  equip,  7.  4  ; 
16.  19;  28.  12,  etc.;  teach, 
inform,  instruct,  49.  19. 

insula,  ae,  F.,  island,  isle,  4.  19  ; 
5.  1  ;  18.  8,  etc. 

insum,  inesse,  inf  uT,  be  in  or  upon  ; 
be  contained  in,  be  in,  58.  17. 


154 


VOCABULARY. 


insuper,  adv.,  above;  over  and 
above,  in  addition,  besides,  53.  5. 

intactus,  a,  urn,  adj.,  not  touched ; 
untouched,  uninjured,  un- 
harmed, 39.  10. 

integer,  gra,  grum,  adj.,  un- 
touched;  unhurt,  unwounded, 
sound,  38.  24. 

intellego,  3,  exi,  ectus,  come  to 
know  ;  perceive,  find  out,  learn, 
know,  2.  7,  13  ;  3.  6,  etc. 

intemperans,  antis,  adj.,  without 
self-control,  unrestrained,  ex- 
travagant, 66.  14. 

intentus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  in- 
tends], held  upon ;  attentive, 
intent,    with     attention    fixed, 

43.  18. 

inter,  prep.  w.  ace,  in  the  midst 
of,  between,^.  11  ;  36.  16  ;  38. 
7,  etc. ;  in,  among,  in  the  num- 
ber or  society  of,  2.  25  ;  12.  7  ; 
18.  4,  etc.  ;  inter  se,  together, 
with  one  another,  10.  12  ;  24. 
14  ;  27.  19,  etc. 

intercalarius,  a,  um,  adj.  [inter- 
calaris,  to  be  inserted],  for  in- 
sertion, intercalary,  63.  4. 

intercalo,  1,  proclaim  an  inser- 
tion   in    the   calendar,   insert, 

63-  5- 

intercipio,  3,  cepi,  ceptus,  seize 
in  passing ;  take  away,  snatch, 
usurp,  42.  20. 

interdum,  adv.,  sometimes,  occa- 
sionally, now  and  then,  52.  16. 

interea,  adv.,  among  these;  in 
the  meantime,  meanwhile,  3. 
20 ;  4.  6  ;  23.  20,  etc. 

interfector,  5ris,  m.  [interficio], 
one  who  kills ;  slayer,  mur- 
derer, 62.  15. 


interficio,  3,  feci,  fectus  [facio], 
make  between  ;  put  out  of  the 
way,  destroy,  kill,  slay,  2.  5  ; 
9.  25 ;  10.  14,  etc. 

intericio,  3,  ieci,  iectus  [iacio], 
throw  between  ;  pass.,  interpose, 
pass,  go  by,  elapse,  46.  20. 

interim,  adv.,  between  this; 
meanwhile,  in  the  meantime, 
40.  22;  44.  12;  59.  1. 

interimo,  3,  emi,  emptus  [emo], 
take  from  the  midst ;  destroy, 
kill,  slay,  34.  8  ;  46.  10;  50. 
20,  etc. 

interior,  ius,  adj.,  comp.  [inter], 
inner,  interior,  20.  18,  23 ; 
27.  23.   ^ 

interitus,  us,  M.,  a  going  between  ; 
overthrow,  fate,  death,  35.  25. 

intermitto,  3,  misl,  missus,  let  go 
in  the  midst ;  leave  off,  suspend, 
interrupt,  4.  2  ;  13.  15;  pass., 
elapse,  intervene,  8.  1 ;  27.  6  ; 
30.  1. 

internuntius,  I,  m.,  go-between; 
mediator,  messenger,  69.  20. 

interrogo,  1,  ask,  inquire,  ques- 
tion, 43.  2 ;  47.  7. 

intersum,  esse,  fui,  be  between, 
intervene,  13.  3. 

intervallum,  1,  n.,  space  between 
palisades ;  space  between,  dis- 
tance apart,  interval,  7.  13  ; 
39.  2. 

intimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.,  in- 
most; intimate,  close,  near, 
69.  16. 

intra,  prep.  w.  ace.  [in],  in  the 
inner  part ;  within,  inside,  42. 
6;  62.  18. 

intro,  1,  go  into,  enter,  7.  1 ;  20. 
4;  28.  11,  etc. 


VOCABULARY. 


155 


introe5,  ire,  Ivi  and  il,  — ,  go  in, 
enter,  71.  28. 

introitus,  us,  m.,  a  going  in  ;  en- 
trance, 20.  1;  21.  19;  23.  21, 
etc. 

intueor,  2,  itus,  look  upon,  gaze 
at,  behold,  15.3;  consider,  re- 
gard, 68.  1. 

intumesco,  3,  mui,  — ,  swell  up  ; 
rise,  become  angry,  rage,  62.  8. 

intus,  adv.,  within,  inside,  50.  14. 

inutilis,  e,  adj.,  useless,  unser- 
viceable, 31.  22. 

inveho,  3,  vexl,  vectus,  carry  in  ; 
pass.,  ride  into,  be  borne  into, 
enter,  59.  6. 

invenio,  4,  venl,  ventus,  come  on; 
come  upon,  find,  discover,  20. 
5;  24.  7;  28.   12;  46.   19,  etc. 

inventor,  oris,  m.,  contriver,  dis- 
coverer. 

invicem,  adv.,  by  turns,  in  turn, 
one  after  another,  43.  17. 

invidia,  ae,  f.  [invidus,  envious'], 
envy ;  grudging,  jealousy, 
meanness,  49.  6,  8  ;  68.  3 ;  dis- 
repute, disfavor,  71.  15. 

invidiosus,  a,  um,  adj.  [invidia], 
full  of  envy  ;  an  object  of  hatred, 
hated,  odious,  40.  10. 

invisus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  in  vi- 
deo, hate],  hated,  hateful,  de- 
tested. 

invito,  1  [for  invocito],  keep 
calling  upon ;  invite,  urge  to 
enter,  28.  9. 

invitus,  a,  um,  adj.,  against  the 
will ;  unwilling,  with  reluc- 
tance, 19.  16;  29.  4. 

invocd,  1 ,  call  upon,  invoke,  53.  2 1 . 

involneratus,  a,  um,  adj.,  un- 
wounded. 


iocus,  1,  m.  (pi.  also  ioca,  n.),jest, 
joke,  59.  9,  13;  60.  17,  etc. 

Ionia,  ae,  f.,  the  middle  part 
of  the  western  coast  of  Asia 
Minor,  69.  4. 

ipse,  a,  um,  intens.  dem.  pron., 
that  or  this  very;  self,  himself, 
herself,  very,  very  same,  etc., 
5.  5;  8.  21;  11.  10,  etc. 

Ira,  ae,  F.,  anger,  wrath,  8.  6;  10. 
17;  11.  3,  etc. 

iratus,  a,  um  [p.  of  irascor,  3, 
iratus,  be  angry],  angered,  en- 
raged, furious,  34.  18;  43.  1; 
63.   22. 

is,  ea,  id,  dem.  pron.,  that,  this, 
he,  she,  etc.,  2.  9,  13,  21,  etc.; 
in  eo  ut,  on  the  point  of,  21.  15; 
29.  11. 

iste,  a,  ud,  dem.  pron.,  referring 
to  that  which  is  at  hand  or  to 
the  person  addressed,  that,  that 
of  yours,  4.  19 ;  9.  3;  10.  2, 
etc. 

ita,  adv.,  in  this  manner  ;  in  this 
wise,  so,  thus,  4.  18  ;  6.  13 ;  7. 

27,  etc.;   n5n   ita   multo  post, 
not  very  long  afterward,  36.  6. 

Italia,  ae,  f.,  Italy,  61.  19. 

itaque,  conj.,  and  so,  and  thus, 
accordingly,  15.  13;  34.  1. 

item,  adv.,  likewise,  also,  as  well, 
63.9. 

iter,  itineris,  n.,  a  going ;  way, 
march,  journey,  voyage,  3.  2, 
13,  17,  etc.;  aliquantum  itineris, 
a  little  way,  28.  4 ;  29.  8. 

iterum,  adv.,  again,  a  second 
time,  once  more,  23.  4;  24.  6; 

28.  3,  etc. 

Ithaca,  ae,  f.,  an  island  in  the 
Ionian  Sea,  18.  8. 


156 


VOCABULARY. 


Iuba,  ae,  m.,  king  of  Numidia, 
62.  25. 

iubeo,  2,  iussl,  iussus,  order,  give 
orders,  command,  bid,  3.  21  j  12. 
SI- ;  13.  15,  etc. 

iiidex,  icis,  m.  and  f.  [ius],  judge, 
juror,  39.  26. 

iudicium,  1,  n.  [iudex],/»^m^«/; 
trial,  decision. 

iudico,  1  [iiidex],  be  a  judge;  judge, 
decide,  declare,  46.  20. 

iugulum,  1,  N.,  dim.  [iugum],  col- 
lar bone ;  throat,  neck,  64.  13. 

iugum,  i,  N.,  joining  thing ;  yoke, 
9.  12;  of  spears,  40.  7. 

Iulia,  ae,  f.,  Caesar's  daughter 
and  wife  of  Pompey,  61.  II. 

Iiilius,  i,  m.  See  Caesar,  Pro- 
culus. 

iungo,  3,  iunxi,  iiinctus,  fasten  ; 
join,  unite,  bind,  45.  7  ;  form, 
54.  15;  60.  6;  yoke,  8.  12,  14; 
16.  19. 

Iuno,  onis,  f.,  daughter  of  Sat- 
urn, and  sister  and  wife  of 
Jupiter,  48.  11,  13. 

Iuppiter,  Iovis,  m.,  heaven  ;  Ju- 
piter, king  of  the  gods,  6.  8; 
7.  11;  35.  29,  etc. 


iiiro,  1  [ius],  swear,  make  oath. 
ius,    iuris,    N.,  that  which    binds 

(morally)  ;  right,  privilege,  25. 

9;  64.  25;  justice,  right,  40.  5; 

59.  19;  63.  5;  law,  41.  19;  63. 

1 1 ;  law  court,  trial,  39.  26 ;  abl. 

as    adv.,    with  justice,  justly, 

rightly,  39.  29;  42.  20;  56.  15. 
ius  iurandum  (iusiurandum),  iuris 

iurandl,  N.,  oath  to  be  sworn ; 

oath,    16.    2;    30.    24;    36.    17, 

etc. 
(iussus,  us),  M.,  only  abl.  sing., 

order,  command,  28.  12;  40.  16, 

19,  etc. 
iustitia,  ae,  f.  [iustus],  justness  ; 

uprightness,  justice,  36.  23. 
iustus,  a,  um,  adj.  [ius],  accord- 
ing to  right ;  just,  right,  proper, 

25.  10. 
iuvenca,    ae,    f.    [iuvencus,  bul- 
lock^, young  cow,  heifer,  54.  15. 
iuvenis,  e,  ad]., young,  14.  18,  20; 

as  noun,  m.,  young  man,  youth, 

warrior,  5.  20;  35.  9;  38.   16, 

etc. 
iuventiis,  utis,  f.  [iuvenis], youth. 
iuxta,  adv.,  near  to,  hard  by,  close 

to,  72.  24. 


K 


Kalendae,  arum,  f.,  Calends,  the 
first  day  of  the  month,  37.  1 5. 


Cf.  the  Nones,  the  fifth,  and  the 
Ides,  the  thirteenth. 


labor,  oris,  m.,  work,  labor,  task,    Iab5ri5sus,   a,  um,  adj.  [labor], 


effort,  exertion,  4.  2;  8.  10,  20, 
etc. 
laboriose,  adv.  [labori5sus],  with 
fatigue ;   with   an   effort,   with 
painstaking,  63.  5. 


full  of  labor  ;  industrious,  tire- 
less, 66.  10. 

laboro,  1  [labor],  labor ;  suffer, 
be  afflicted,  58.  8. 

lac,  lactis,  n.,  milk,  20.  5. 


«r  r«a 


XXNITERSITY 


VOCABULARY. 


157 


Lacedaemon,  onis,  f.,  Sparta,  68. 
22. 

Lacedaemonii,  orum,  m.,  ,5)tor- 
fowj,  Lacedaemonians ■,  69.  I. 

Laco,  5nis,  m.,  «  Laconian,  Spar- 
tan, 74.  4. 

lacrima,  ae,  f.,  &#r,  10.  25;  22. 
13;  28.  2,  etc. 

lacrimo,  1  [lacrima],  shed  tears, 
weep,  70.  26. 

lacus,  us,  M.,  opening  ;  lake,  pond, 

55-7- 
laetitia,  ae,  f.  [laetus] ,  gladness  ; 

joy,  exultation,  rejoicing,  25.  1  ; 

31.9;  71.  9. 
laetus,  a,  um,  adj.,  feeling  joy ; 

glad,   delighted,   pleased,    with 

joy,   37.  8;  pleasant,  grateful, 

rich,  abundant,  49.   1. 
laeva,  ae,  f.  [laevus,  on  the  left], 

left  hand  (sc.  manus),  35.  20. 
Lamachus,   1,    m.,   an  Athenian 

genera],  67.  6. 
lambo,  3,  bl,  — ,  lick,  lap,  33.  11. 
lamenta,  orum,  N.,  wailing,  weep- 
ing, lamentation,  22.  13. 
lana,  ae,  f.,  wool,  spinning,  46. 19. 
lanio,  1  [lanius,  butcher],  tear  in 

pieces,  rend,  mangle,  50.  3. 
lapideus,    a,    um,     adj.     [lapis, 

stone],  of  stone,  stone,  42.  23; 

68.  22. 
laqueus,  T,  m.,  loop ;  noose,  rope, 

39-  27. 
lassitiido,  inis,  f.  [lassus,  faint], 

faintness ;    weariness,  fatigue, 

10.  1;  26.  14. 
latebra,  ae,  F.,  hiding-place,  cov- 
ert, retreat,  58.  8. 
lateo,  2,  ui, — ,  lurk ;  be  hidden 

or  concealed,  be   out  of   sight, 

escape  notice,  24.  15. 


Larentia,  ae,  f.     See  Acca. 

Latinus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  Latium  ; 
Latin,  63.  13;  M.  pi.  as  noun, 
Latins,  41.  8. 

latro,  1,  bark,  yelp,  4g.  4. 

latro,  onis,  m.,  hired  soldier; 
robber,  brigand,  bandit,  20.  25  ; 
33.  17,  18,  etc. 

laturus.     See  fero. 

latus,  a,  um,  adj.,  broad,  wide; 
comp.  latior,  4.  4. 

laudo,  1  [laus],  praise,  honor,  ex- 
tol, 46.  16;  54.8;  75.  5. 

laurea,  ae,  f.  [laureus],  laurel 
tree ;  laurel  wreath,  64.  25. 

laureus,  a,  um,  adj.  [laurus,  lau- 
rel-tree], of  laurel,  of  bay  leaves, 
laurel,  70.  26. 

laus,  laudis,  F.,  praise,  flattery, 
54.  10  ;  75.  2 ;  title  to  praise, 
merit,  75.  16. 

legatid,  onis,  f.  [lego],  office  of 
embassador ;  embassy,  legation, 
35-  2. 

legatus,  1,  m.  [p.  of  lego],  one 
sent  on  a  commission ;  embas- 
sador, envoy,  34.  25;  41.  11, 
13,  etc. 

legio,  onis,  F.,  legion,  a  body  of 
soldiers  containing  ten  cohorts 
of  foot-soldiers  and  300  cav- 
alry, in  all  between  4200  and 
6000  men,  61.  3. 

lego,  3,  legl,  lectus,  bring  together ; 
choose,  select,  appoint,  37.  14. 

lenis,  e,  adj.,  smooth;  gentle, 
light,  soft,  7.  16. 

led,  onis,  M.,  lion,  49.  9 ;  50.  6, 
7,  etc. 

letalis,  e,  adj.  [letum,  death], 
deadly  ;  fatal,  mortal,  44.  1 1  ; 
52.  4. 


158 


VOCABULARY. 


levitas,  atis,  f.  [levis,  light], 
lightness,  quickness,  nimbi eness, 
48.   7. 

levo,  1  [levis,  light],  lift  up; 
lighten,  relieve,  ease,  53.  2. 

lex,  legis,  F.,  that  which  is  fixed ; 
rule,  law,  37.  22,  29;  60.  8, 
etc. ;  terms,  condition,  stipula- 
tion, 38.  12. 

liber,  bri,  m.,  inner  bark  of  a  tree  ; 
book,  roll,  47.  1,  6,  9,  etc. 

libenter,  adv.  [libens,  willing], 
willingly  ;  gladly,  with  pleasure, 
3.  16;  6.  24;  7.  25,  etc.;  comp. 
libentius,  64.  25;  superl.  liben- 
tissime,  28.  13. 

liberalis,  e,  adj.  [liber,  free],  of 
freedom ;  generous,  liberal, 
courteous,  gracious,  66.  II. 

liberalitas,  atis,  f.  [liberalis], 
frankness ;  generosity,  liberal- 
ity, 67.  17- 

libere,  adv.  [liber,  free],  freely, 
without  hindrance,  55.  20. 

liberi,  orum,  m.  [liber,  free], 
children  of  free  parents  ;  chil- 
dren, 35.  7  ;  40.  3. 

llbero,  1  [liber,  free],  make  free, 
set  free,  deliver,  liberate,  34.  8  ; 
53.  22;  73.  18. 

Hbertas,  atis,  f.  [liber,  free],  free, 
dom,  liberty,  67.  14. 

libertus,  i,  m.  [liber,  free],  one  set 
free  ;  freedman,  58.  9. 

libidinosus,  a,  um,  adj.  [libido, 
pleasure],  full  of  desire  ;  licen- 
tious, sensual,  fond  of  pleasure, 
66.  14. 

Libya,  ae,  f.,  18.  18. 

licentia,  ae,  f.  [licens,  p.  of  licet], 
freedom ;  lawlessness,  license, 
lack  of  restraint,  68.  1 5. 


licet,  2,  uit,  itum  est,  impers.,  it 
is  lawful ;  it  is  permitted  or 
allowed,  one  may,  14.  9;  21.  2; 
29.  5,  etc. 

lictor,  oris,  m.,  lictor,  an  officer 
attending  upon  a  magistrate, 
39.   27. 

lignum,  i,  N.,  that  which  is  gath- 
ered;  wood,  woodwork,  piece  of 
wood,  11.  17;  23.  14;  53.  18. 
etc. 

ligd,  1,  tie  ;  bind,  fasten,  26.  9. 

ligO,  onis,  M.,  mattock,  hoe,  56.  9. 

limen,  inis,  N.,  crosspiece  ;  thresh- 
old, 29.  11. 

lineamentum,  i,  n.  [linea,  line], 
line,  feature,  lineament,  34.  5. 

lingua,  ae,  f.,  tongue,  33.  10 ; 
language,  66.  20. 

litus,  oris,  N.,  that  covered  by  the 
sea;  shore,  beach,  5.  5,  26;  16. 
24,  etc. 

locupleto,  1  [locuples,  rich  in 
lands],  make  rich,  enrich,  70. 
10;  72.  1. 

lOCUS,  i,  M.,  place,  spot,  region,  3. 
17  ;  9.  9,  17,  etc. ;  place,  room, 
chance,  59.  14;  position,  place, 
48.4;  64.  18;  71.  24;  condi- 
tion, situation,  6.  15;  13.  4; 
21.  24,  etc. 

locutus.     See  loquor. 

longe,  adv.  [longus],  a  long  way 
off ;  widely,  greatly,  by  far,  far, 
19-  7  ;  35-  28;  72-  6;  comp. 
longius,  farther,  rather  far,  to 
some  distance,  5.  25;  13.  2,  11, 
etc. 

longitudo,  inis,  f.  [longus], 
length,   51.   19. 

longus,  a,  um,  adj.,  long,  extended, 
18.  1 ;  tedious,  32.  5  ;  navis,  ship 


VOCABULARY. 


159 


of  war,  12.  21  ;  superl.  longissi- 

mus,  65.  3. 
loquor,  3,  ciitus,  speak,  talk,  say, 

14.  7,  16;  15.  4,  etc. 
lotus,  I,  f.,  lotus,  18.  25. 
lucide,    adv.     [lucidus,    full    of 

light],    clearly,    distinctly,    28. 

23- 
Lucius,  1,  m.     See  Tarquinius, 

42.  8. 
Lucretia,    ae,    f.,    wife   of    Tar- 
quinius Collatinus,  46.  18. 
lucrum,     i,     N.,     gain;     riches, 

wealth,  26.  19. 
luctor,  1,  wrestle;  strive,  struggle, 

contend,  25.  21. 
luctus,  us,  m.,  sorrow,  mourning, 

grief 
lucus,  i,  M.,  shining  place  ;  sacred 

grove,  grove,  34.  22;  37.  25. 
ludibrium,  i,  n.    [ludus],    thing 

causing  mockery ;    taunt,  jest, 

scoff,  ridicule,  35.  2. 
(ludicer),  era,  crum,  adj.  [ludus], 

belonging    to   play ;     done    in 

sport,  sportive,  33.  15. 
liido,    3,    si,   sus,  play ;  deceive, 

trick,  55.  19. 
ludus,   I,   m.,   play;    pi.,  public 

games,   sports,  spectacle,  shows, 

35.  4  ;  59.  28. 
lugeo,     2,    luxi,    luctus,     mourn, 


lament,  bewail,  grieve  for,  39. 

23. 
lumen,  inis,  N.,  that  which  shines; 

rays,  light,  12.  6,  10. 
luna,   ae,  F.  shining  one  ;  moon, 

37-  17- 
lupa,   ae,    f.    [lupus],    she-wolf 

33-  9>  I2- 

lupus,  I,  m.,  wolf  48.  1,  2, 16,  etc. 

luscinia,  ae,  F.,  nightingale, 
48.  12. 

lustro,  1  [lustrum,  sacrifice  for 
purification],  review,  examine, 
36.  12. 

lusus,  us,  m.  [ludo] ,  playing;  for 
sport,  in  fun,  55.  14. 

lux,  lucis,  F.,  that  which  shines ; 
light,  daylight,  g.  11;  luce 
orta,  at  sunrise,  at  daybreak,  9. 
9;  11.  5;  22.  5. 

liixuriose,  adv.  [luxuriosus], 
luxuriously ',  voluptuously,  75. 
16. 

luxuriosus,  a,  um,  adj.  [luxuria, 
extravagance],  extravagant, 
luxurious,  66.  14. 

luxus,  us,  M.,  excess  ;  luxury,  en- 
joyment, pleasure,  46.  17. 

Lycus,  1,  M.,  father  of  Thrasy- 
bulus,  69.  24. 

Lysander,  dri,  m.,  a  Spartan  gen- 
eral, 72.  6. 


M 


M.,  abbreviation  for  Marcus, 
magicus,  a,  um,  adj.,    of  magic, 

magical,  14.  26  ;  15.  7  ;  28.  16. 
magis,  adv.,  comp.,  more,  rather, 

24.  12  ;  34.  21  ;  40.  4,  etc. 
magister,  tri,  m.,  master  ;  teacher, 

exponent,  58.  19. 


magistrates,  us,  m.  [magister], 
office  of  master  ;  office,  71.  24  ; 
body  of  magistrates,  administra- 
tion, 68.  9. 

magnifice,  adv.  [magnificus], 
nobly  ;  grandly,  richly,  sumptu- 
ously, splendidly,  30.  4. 


160 


VOCABULARY. 


magnificentia,  ae,  f.  [magnifi- 
cus],  I  of tiness  ;  splendor,  gran- 
deur, elegance,  28.   5. 

magnificus,  a,  urn,  adj.  [magnus], 
made  great;  splendid,  fine, 
sumptuous,  grand,  28.  12;  29. 
8. 

magnitudo,  inis,  f.  [magnus], 
greatness  ;  size,  proportions,  7. 
11  ;  9.  4  ;  10.  5,  etc. 

magnopere  or  magno  opere,  adv., 
very  much,  greatly,  exceed- 
ingly, heartily. 

magnus,  a,  um,  adj.,  increased ; 
great,  large,  mighty,  2.  11,  22, 

24,  etc. ;  loud,  heavy,   20.    24 ; 

25.  8;  29.  6,  etc. 

maior,  ius,  adj.,  comp.  of  mag- 
nus; greater,   33.    2;    37.    23; 

50.  16,  etc. 

male,  adv.  [malus],  badly, 
wickedly,  51.  2  ;  scarcely,  with 
difficulty,  39.  12;  unsuccess- 
fully, 69.  1 7. 

maledicentissimus,  a,  um,  adj., 
superl.  of  maledicus  [male- 
dico],       abusive,       slanderous, 

75.  4- 

male  died,  3,  xi,  diet  us,  speak  ill 
of;  abuse,    revile,    rail  at,  48. 

maleficus,  a,  um,  adj.  [male], 
evil-doing;       wicked,      vicious, 

51.  1. 

malitidse,  adv.  [malitiosus,  full 
of  wickedness~\,  wickedly,  kna- 
vishly,  71.  17. 

malo,  malle,  malul,  —  [magis, 
volo],  wish  rather;  choose, 
prefer,  29.  5;  59.  15 ;  74.9- 

malus,  a,  um,  adj.,  bad,  evil ;  as 
noun,  N.,  evil,  16.  8;  53.  21,  22, 


etc.;  as  noun,  m.  pi.,  the  bad, 

52.  5- 
malus,  T,  M.,  upright  pole  ;  mast, 

26.  9. 
Mamurius,  1,  m.,  Numa's  smith, 

37.  12. 
mane,    adv.  [mane,  morning],  in 

the  morning,  early  in  the  morn- 
ing, 9.  4. 
maneo,  2,  mansi,  mansus,  stay  ; 

abide,  stay,  remain,  5.    21;  10. 

20;  12.    17,  etc.;  last,  endure, 

continue,  40.  9 ;  74.  3. 
manifestus,  a,  um,  adj.  [manus], 

struck  with  the  hand;  evident, 

plain,  apparent,  40.  5. 
manus,  us,  F.,  measuring  thing ; 

hand,  7.   18;  19.   10,  16,  etc.; 

band,  force,  71.  27  ;  w.  conserS, 

engage  hand  to  hand,  38.   20. 
Marcius,  1,  m.     See  Ancus,  41. 6. 
Marcus,  1,  m.     See  Bibulus,  60. 

1;  Brutus,   64.    18;    Crassus, 

60.  6. 
mare,   is,   n.,   sea,  4.  4;   7.  13, 

etc. ;  mare   superum,   Adriatic 

Sea,  63.  15. 
Marius,  1,  m.,  Caius  Marius  [B.C. 

157-86],  leader  of  the  popular 

party  at  Rome,  58.  17. 
Mars,    Martis,   m.,  god  of  war, 

37-   14- 
Martius,  a,  um,  of  Mars  ;  hence 

of  the  month  of  March,  37.  15. 
massa,    ae,  f.,   kneaded  dough ; 

hence  mass,  lump,  50.  14. 
mater,   tris,    f„   she  that  bears ; 

mother,  33.  11,  21. 
matrimonium,    i,     n.     [mater], 

marriage,  wedlock,  15.  24  ;  18. 

10  ;  45.  6,  etc. 
maturo,  1    [maturus,  ripe],  make 


VOCABULARY. 


161 


ripen ;  make  haste,  hurry, 
hasten,  12.  4  ;   18.  2;  32.  I. 

maxime,  adv.  [maximus],  in  the 
highest  degree  ;  especially,  par- 
ticularly, principally,  15.  11  ; 
ax.  4;  24.  22,  etc. 

maximus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.  of 
magnus  ;  greatest,  very  great, 
17.  2;  27.  3;  42.  22,  etc. 

Medea,  ae,  f.,  daughter  of  Aeetes, 
king  of  Colchis,  8.  18. 

medicamentum,  1,  n.  [medico, 
drug],  drug,  potion,  28.  14. 

medicina,  ae,  f.  [medicus],  heal- 
ing art ;  medicine,  8.  22  ;  11. 
15  ;  14.  21,  etc. 

meditor,  1,  reflect;  plan,  devise, 
63.  19- 

medius,  a,  um,  adj.,  in  the  middle, 
in  the  midst  of,  7.  13,  19;  10. 
9,  etc. ;  media  nox,  midnight, 
8.  23 ;  10.  21  ;  as  noun,  N., 
space  between,  middle,  38.  14. 

mehercule,  interj.  [Hercules],  by 
Hercules ;     indeed,     assuredly, 

55-  3- 

membrum,  1,  n.,  small  part; 
limb,  member,  13.  9,  11,  14,  etc. 

memorabilis,  e,  adj.  [memoro], 
that  may  be  told ;  worthy  of 
remembrance,  remarkable,  not- 
able, 59.  25. 

memoria,  ae,  f.  [memor,  mind- 
ful], remembrance,  memory,  46. 
27;  66.  3;  68.  21  ;  w.  teneo, 
remember,  bear  in  mind,  11.  1  ; 
27.  12. 

memor5,  1  [memor,  mindful], 
bring  to  remembrance  ;  recount, 
relate,  tell,  41.  4. 

mendax,  acis,  adj.,  given  to  lying, 
untruthful,  lying,  (p.  55). 


mens,  mentis,  f.,  thinking;  mind, 
43.  3  ;  attention,  notice,  35.  8. 

mensis,  is,  m.,  month,  37.  17  ; 
63.  4. 

mentio,  onis,  f.,  calling  to  mind ; 
mention,  allusion,  29.  11  ;  46. 
15;  69.  21. 

mercator,  oris,  m.  [mercor], 
trader,  merchant,  20.  25,  26. 

merces,  edis,  F.,  price ;  fee,  re- 
ward, offer  of  a  reward,  51.  18, 
20;    return,   reward,    51.    22; 

52.  5- 

mercor,  1  [merx],  trade;  buy, 
purchase,  47.   13. 

Mercurius,  1,  m.  [merx,  goods], 
god  of  trades,  Mercury,  29.  18. 

mereor,  2,  itus,  deserve,  be  en- 
titled to,  54.  18. 

mergd,  3,  si,  sus,  dip ;  sink,  dis- 
able, 59.  8. 

meridianus,  a,  um,  adj.  [meri- 
dies],  of  midday,  of  noon,  26. 
10. 

meridies,  ace.  em,  m.  [for  medi- 
dies,  medius],  midday,  noon,  9. 
16;  south,  18.  17. 

merit5,  adv.  [abl.  of  meritum, 
desert],  according  to  desert ;  de- 
servedly, justly,  48.  14. 

meritus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  me- 
reor], deserving;  due,  fit,  proper, 
right,  7.  8. 

merx,  cis,  F.,  goods,  wares,  com- 
modities, 63.  7. 

Mettius,  I,  m.,  M.  Fufetius,  leader 
of  the  Albans,  40.  9. 

metus,  us,  M.,fear,  dread,  37.  29. 

meus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  me ;  my, 
mine,  14.  10;  34.  19;  41.  16, 
etc. 

micans,  antis,  adj.  [p.  of  mico, 


162 


VOCABULARY. 


move  quickly  to  and  fro],  twink- 
ling ;  glittering,  flashing, gleam- 
ing, 38.  19. 

miles,  itis,  m.,  one  of  many ;  sol- 
dier, man,  12.  21  ;  44.  5;  60. 
28,  etc. 

Miletus,  1,  f.,  a  noted  port  of 
Ionia,  59.  5. 

miliens,  adv.  [mille],  a  thousand 
times,  60.  3. 

militaris,  e,  adj.  [miles],  of  a 
soldier  ;  of  war,  military,  mar- 
tial, 9.  6  ;  36.  20. 

militia,  ae,  f.  [miles],  military 
service ;  militiae,  in  the  field, 
at  war,  40.  28. 

mille,  pi.  milia,  num.  adj.,  one 
thousand,  4.  23;  5.  12;  11.  II, 
etc. 

minime,  adv.,  superl.  of  parum, 
least  of  all,  very  little,  by  no 
means,  34.  3. 

minimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl., 
least,  smallest ;  minimum  af  uit 
quin,  came  very  near,  13.  1 ; 
25.   15. 

minitor,  1,  freq.  [minor],  threaten, 
menace,  30.  15. 

minor,  1  [minae],  project;  threaten, 
menace,  59.  9. 

minor,  us,  adj.  comp.  of  parvus, 
less,  smaller,  47.  14;  50.  16. 

minuo,  3,  ui,  utus,  make  small ; 
lessen,  diminish,  reduce,  weaken, 
74.8. 

minus,  adv.  comp.  of  parvum, 
less,  37.  29,  30;  66.  11,  etc.; 
neque  minus  multas,  and  as 
many,  70.  8. 

mirabilis,  e,  adj.  [miror],  to  be 
wondered  at ;  wonderful,  singu- 
lar, strange,  43.  24.    Cf.  mirus. 


miraculum,  i,  n.  [miror],  marvel- 
lous   thing;    marvel,    wonder, 

i5.  3- 

miror,  1  [mirus],  wonder,  marvel, 
be  astonished  or  amazed,  9.  13; 
12.  8;  20.  6,  etc. 

mirus,  a,  um,  adj.,  wonderful, 
marvellous,  extraordinary,  9. 
21;  10.  6;  12.  7,  etc.  Cf.  mira- 
bilis. 

misceo,  2,  ui,  mixtus,  mix,  min- 
gle, prepare,  28.  14. 

miser,  era,  erum,  adj.,  wretched ; 
unfortunate,     miserable,    poor, 

53-  7- 

misericordia,  ae,  f.  [misericors, 
tender-hearted],  pity,  compas- 
sion, kindness,  52.  2. 

Mithridates,  is,  m.,  king  of  Pon- 
tus,  62.  17. 

mitigo,  1  [mitis],  make  soft; 
soften,  subdue,  refine,  36.  26. 

mitis,  e,  adj.,  soft ;  gentle,  kind, 
mild,  45.  4,  6,  7. 

mittd,  3,  misi,  missus,  cause  to 
go ;  hurl,  throw,  74.  22  ;  send, 
send  off,  despatch,  2.  17  ;  6.  8, 
20,  etc. 

modo,  adv.  [abl.  of  modus],  by  a 
measure ;  only,  merely,  simply, 
73.  21  ;  non  modo  .  .  .  sed 
etiam,  not  only  .  .  .  but  also,  2. 
4;  11.  13;  12.  18  ;  as  conj.,  if 
only,  provided  that,  55.  4. 

modus,  i,  M.,  measure;  limit, 
bounds,  63.  11;  way,  manner, 
method,  3.  4;  9.  21;  10.  6,  etc. 

moenia,  ium,  n.,  defensive  walls ; 
ramparts,  city  walls,  34.  19;  35. 

13;  42-  3- 
moles,    is,    f.,    shapeless    mass; 
weight,  mass,  56.  20. 


VOCABULARY. 


163 


molestia,  ae,  f.  [molestus], 
trouble ;  annoyance,  vexation, 
distress,  6.    II. 

molestus,  a,  um,  adj.  [moles, 
mass],  troublesome,  irksome, 
52.  8. 

molior,  4  [moles],  make  exertion  ; 
labor  at,  struggle  to  accomplish, 
be  busy  about,  73.  25;  under- 
take, attempt,  61.  22.  Cf.  c5nor, 
5.  20. 

Mold,  onis,  M.,  Apollonius  Molo, 
a  famous  rhetorician  in  the 
time  of  Caesar,  58.  19. 

momentum,  T,  N.,  movement; 
weight,  importance,  influence, 
72.  20;  moment,  instant,  62.  21. 

moneo,  2,  ui,  itus,  make  to  think  ; 
remind,  advise,  warn,  2.  20; 
48.  8;  63.  22. 

monitus,  us,  M.  [moneo],  remind- 
ing;  advice,  counsel,  37.  25. 

mons,  montis,  m.,  projecting ; 
mountain,  mount,  8.  24  ;  20.  14  ; 
38.  2,  etc. 

monstro,  1  [monstrum],  point 
out;  show,  display,  point  to,  14. 
2 ;  28.  26. 

monstrum,  1,  n.,  that  which 
warns  ;  monster,  pest,  fiend,  6. 
8;  20.  7,  17,  etc. 

mora,  ae,  f.,  delay ;  hesitation, 
stopping,  delay,  12.  14;  19.  5; 
22.  7,  etc. 

morbus,  T,  m.,  sickness,  disease, 
41.  1;  58.  8;  morb5  extingui, 
die  a  natural  death,  38.  I. 

morior,  3,  mortuus,  die,  expire, 
2.  10;  8.  21  ;  38.  5,  etc.;  fame, 
starve  to  death,  6.  14. 

moror,  1  [mora],  wait;  delay, 
retard,  hinder,  31.  15;  65.  5. 


mors,  rtis,  f.,  end,  death,  2.  12, 

14;  14.  14,  etc. 
morsus,   us,   m.    [mordeo,   bite], 

biting,  bite,  55.  2. 
mortalis,  e,  adj.  [mors],  subject  to 

death;  mortal,  human,  of  men, 

29.  25. 
mortiferus,  a,  um,  adj.   [mors], 

death-bearing  ;  fatal,  deadly. 
mortuus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  mo- 
rior], dead,  2.  10;  15.  15;  74. 

7,  etc. 
mos,    moris,    m.,   will ;    custom, 
practice,  habit,  41.    12;    45.  8; 

60.  17,  etc.;  way,  manner,  16. 

9;  62.  20. 
moved,  2,  m5vi,  motus,  move,  50. 

7  ;  stir,  inspire,  4.  8  ;   31.    18  ; 

52.   2  ;    rouse  to  anger,  arouse, 

provoke,  39.  19;  remove,  expel, 

degrade,  63.  7. 
mox,  adv.,  soon,  at  length,  pres- 
ently, afterwards,  5.  6;  7.   16; 

10.  12,  etc. 
mulier,  eris,  f.,  she  who  grinds  ; 

woman,  10.  25;  36.  2  ;  47.  3,  etc. 
muliebris,  e,  adj.  [mulier],  of  a 

woman,  woman 's,  feminine,  74. 

24. 
mulio,     onis,     m.,    mule-keeper; 

muleteer,  driver,  45.  16. 
multiplex,    ids,    adj.    [multus], 

with  many  folds  ;  repeated,  fre- 
quent, 62.  18. 
multitudd,  inis,  f.  [multus],  many 

together;    large   number,  host, 

throng,    crowd;    4.   3  ;  42.     1; 

67.   12. 
multo,  adv.  [multus],  by  much; 

much,  far,  very,  47.  8;  66.   6; 

69.  5 ;  n5n  ita  multo  post,  not 

very  long  after,  36.  6. 


164 


VOCABULARY. 


multum,   adv.   [multus],    much; 

great  deal,  greatly ;  much,  long, 

4-  18;  6. "13. 
multus,  a,  um,  adj.,  much;  pi., 

many,  a  great  number,  3.  17  ; 

4.  7,  11,  etc. 
munio,  4  [moenia],  wall ;  build, 

63*  I5  >  fortify*  Protect,  defend, 

11.  14;  20.  2;  69.  2. 
munus,  eris,  n.,  service ;  offering, 

present,  gift,  35.  15. 
murus,    1,    M.,   enclosing   thing; 


wall,    city    wall,    42.    22;    44. 

16. 
mus,    muris,    m.    and    f.,  mouse, 

5i.  10,  13;  55-  i-  _ 
muto,  1,  freq.  [moveo],  &vr/  mov- 
ing, change,  alter,  8.  9;  42.  24; 

58.  6. 
Mysia,   ae,  f.,   a  state  of  Asia 

Minor,  5.  13. 
mysterium,  1,  n.,  secret  service ; 

sacred  rite,  divine  mystery,  67. 

23- 


N 


nactus.     See  nanciscor. 

nam,  con].,  for,  you  know,  34.  4; 

35-  T9  5  37-  x9>  etc-  cf-  enim> 
3.6. 

namque,conj.,  connecting  closely 
with  what  precedes  ;for,  and  in 
fact,  66.  7  ;  73.  14,  18,  etc. 

nanciscor,  3,  nactus  or  nanctus, 
get,  obtain,  4.  16;  11.  6;  18.  4, 
etc. ;  encounter,  fall  in  with, 
meet,  35.  12. 

narro,  1  [gnarus,  known],  make 
known;  tell,  relate,  recount,  28. 
23;  60.  28. 

nascor,  3,  natus,  be  born,  be  pro- 
duced, 44.  24;  56.  16;  66.  4, 
etc. ;  p.  natus,  born,  i.e.  old,  74. 
27;  son  of  (w.  abl.),  46.  13. 

nato,  1,  freq.  [no,  swiin\,  swim 
about,  float,  55.  9. 

natura,  ae,  f.,  birth  ;  quality,  na- 
ture, character,  9.  20;  II.  14; 
18.  20,  etc. 

(natus,  us),  m.,  only  abl.  sing., 
being  born;  birth,  age,  years ; 
maior  natu,  elder,  older,  33.  2. 


nauta,  ae,  m.  [for  navita,  navis], 

sailor,  seaman,  5.  14. 
nauticus,  a,  um,  adj.  [navis],  of 

ships  ;  ship-,  naval,  nautical,  3. 

23  ;  72.  25. 
navalis,  e,  adj.  [navis],  of  ships  ; 

naval,  sea-,  70.  3. 
navicula,  ae,  f.    [navis],   small 

vessel ;  boat,  skiff,  62.  6. 
navigatio,  onis,  f.  [navigo],  sail- 
ing, navigation,  voyage,  26.   1 ; 

32.  1. 
navigium,   1,  n.   [navis],   vessel, 

ship,  boat,  62.  9. 
navigo,   1    [navis],   make  a  ship 

go;  sail,  navigate,    4.   16;  26. 

7  5  31.  21. 
navis,  is,  f.,  ship,  vessel,  3.   21, 

23  ;  4.   3,    etc. ;  n.  longa,  ship 

of  war,  12.  20. 
Navius,  1,  m.     See  Attus,  42.  25. 
ne,  adv.  and  conj.,  not,  10.  25  ; 

11.  3 ;  with  quidem,  not  even, 

4.  1;  21.  10,  21,  etc.;  that,  2. 

15;    that    not,    7.    12;    8.    16, 

etc. 


VOCABULARY. 


165 


-ne,  interrog.  part.,  whether,  14. 
18;  43.  2. 

ne,  interj.,  truly,  really,  56.  15. 

nec  or  neque,  conj.,  and  not,  but 
not,  6.  19;  7.  6;  10.  18,  etc.  ; 
nec  .  .  .  nec,  neither  .  .  .  nor, 
20.  26;  24.  2;  30.  12,  etc. 

necessario,  adv.  [necessarius], 
unavoidably,  inevitably,  72.  16. 

necessarius,  a,  um,  adj.  [necesse, 
unavoidable],  indispensable, 
needful,   requisite,  63.    12. 

necesse,  adj.,  only  nom.  and  ace, 
unavoidable,  inevitable,  neces- 
sary, 13.  16;  23.  16. 

necessitas,  atis,  f.  [necesse], 
being  inevitable  ;  need,  necessity, 

33-  19- 

need,  1,  kill,  slay,  put  to  death, 
15.  9  ;  16.  14  ;  56.  5-  Cf-  in- 
terficiS. 

nefarie,  adv.  [nefarius,  impious], 
impiously,  abominably. 

nefas,  indecl.,  N.,  something  con- 
trary to  divine  law  ;  crime,  sin, 
wrong,  67.  24. 

nefastus,  a,  um,  adj.  [nefas], 
contrary  to  divine  law  ;  w.  dies, 
day  on  which  public  assemblies 
must  not  sit,  so  holy  day,  holi- 
day, 37.  18. 

neglegenter,  adv.  [neglegens, 
heedless],  heedlessly,  carelessly, 
negligently,  71.  17. 

neglegS,  3,  exi,  ectus  [nec,  leg5], 
disregard,  not  heed,  slight,  pass 

fy>9-  7  ;  47-  13;  55-  20. 

nego,  1 ,  say  no  ;  deny,  say  .  .  . 
not,  5.  21  ;  43.  1  ;  64.  26 ;  deny, 
refuse,  8.  7  ;  48.  12  ;  61.  18. 

negotium,  I,  n.  [nec,  otium],  ab- 
sence from  ease ;  business,  em- 


ployment,   task,    3.    16;  6.  24; 

8.  8,  etc. ;    trouble,   effort,   10. 

14 ;  w.  dare,  charge,  commission, 

etc.,  3.  11,  22;  74.  12. 
nemo,  — ,  dat.  nemini  [ne  hom5], 

no  man  ;  no  one,  nobody,  24.  1  ; 

27.  14;    29.  4. 
nemus,   oris,  n.,  feeding  thing ; 

wood,  forest,  grove,  37.  5. 
Neontlchos,   1,  n.,  a  fortress  in 

Thrace,  71.  27. 
nepos,    5tis,      m.,    child's    son; 

grandson,   34.    4;    41.    7. 
nequaquam,  adv.,  in  no  wise,  by 

no  means,  4g.  11. 
neque.     See  nec. 
nervus,  T,  m.,  sinew,  muscle,  nerve, 

strength,  9.  1. 
nescio,  4,  Ivi,  — ,    not  know,   be 

unaware,   g.    14;    10.    11  ;    w. 

quis   as   indef.   pron.,  /  know 

not  who,  some,  a  certain,  2.  14  ; 

3.  3;  w.  quomodo,  I  know  not 

how,  somehow,  75.  4. 
nex,  necis,    f.,    death,   execution, 

58.  6. 
Nicias,  ae,  m.,  an  Athenian  gen- 
eral, 67.  6. 
niger,  gra,  grum,  adj.,  black,  64. 

21. 
nihil,    indecl.,    N.,    not  a   trifle; 

nothing,    14.    5;    21.    16;   30. 

15,  etc. ;  w.  partit.  gen.,  no,  16. 

8  ;  as  adv.,  in  no  respect,  not  at 

all,  7.  3;  9.  13  ;  13.  18,  etc. 
nihildum,  indecl.,  n.,  nothing  as 

yet,  59.  25. 
nihilum,   I,   n.,    not    a     shred; 

nothing,  47.  14. 
nimis,  adv.,  beyond  measure,  too 

much ;  w.   neg.,  not   very,  not 

especially,  71.  9. 


166 


VOCABULARY. 


nimius,  a,  um,  adj.,  beyond  meas- 
ure ;  too  great,  too   much,  47. 

3  ;  7i-  2°- 

nisi,  conj.  [ne,  si],  if  not ;  un- 
less, except,  30.  21  ;  41.  3;  43. 
1,  etc. 

nitor,  oris,  m.,  brightness  ;  lustre, 
sheen,  54.  8. 

nd,  1,  avi,  —  ,  swim,  65.  6.  Cf. 
nato,  55.  9. 

nobilis,  e,  adj.,  to  be  known ; 
well-born,  noble,  43.  22 ;  superl. 
nobilissimus,  58.  1 ;  well-known, 
celebrated,  renowned,  36.  16; 
as  noun,  m.,  noble,  man  of  rank, 
68.  15. 

noceo,  2,  ui,  iturus,  do  harm,  in- 
jure, 68.  5. 

noctu,  adv.  [nox],  by  night,  in 
the  night,  2.  8  ;  62.  6  ;  74.  13. 

nocturnus,  a,  um,  adj.  [nox],  of 
night ;  by  night,  nightly,  4.  2; 
37.  24;  64.  2. 

nolo,  nolle,  nolui,  —  [ne,  volo], 
wish  .  .  .  not ;  not  wish,  be  un- 
willing, 3.  18  ;  53.  8  ;  68.  12, 
etc. 

nomen,  inis,  n.,  means  of  know- 
ing ;  name,  3.  854.  II,  19, 
etc. 

ndmino,  1  [nomen],  call  by  name; 
call  by  the  name  of,  term,  call, 
36.  9. 

non,  adv.  [for  old  noenum,  ne 
and  oenum  (unum)],  not,  2.  4; 
4.  24 ;  5.  3,  etc. 

nondum,  adv.,  not  yet,  9.  23;  22. 
16;  64.  7. 

ndnne,  interrog.  adv.,  in  direct 
questions  expecting  an  affirma- 
tive answer,  not?  29.  15;  59. 
24. 


nonnullus,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  none ; 
some,  several,  18.  6,  19;  19.  5, 
etc. 

nonnumquam,  adv.,  not  never; 
sometimes,  at  times,  65.  2. 

nosed,  3,  no vi,  notus,  get  knowl- 
edge of;  come  to  know,  learn, 
52.  17. 

noster,  tra,  trum,  adj.  [nos],  our, 

4-4- 
noto,     1     [nota,    mark],     mark, 

single  out,  censure,  50.  10. 
notus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  nosed], 

known  ;  well-known,  familiar, 

superl.   notissimus,  4.    n;   17. 

3- 

novacula,  ae,  f.  [novo,  make  new], 
sharp  knife,  razor,  43.  5. 

novem,  num.  adj.,  nine,  26.  12  ; 
47.  1,  6,  etc. 

novitas,  atis,  f.  [novus],  new- 
ness;  novelty,  strangeness,  4. 
8;  7.  6  ;  28.  II. 

novus,  a,  um,  adj.,  new,  young, 
16.  9;  34.  12,  16,  etc.;  re- 
newed, new,  fresh,  55.  10. 

nox,  noctis,  F.,  night,  5.  2,  13;  8. 
23,  etc. 

nub5,  3,  psi,  ptus,  veil  oneself ; 
marry,  wed,  61.  II. 

niidus,  a,  um,  adj.,  ashamed; 
bare,  naked,  3.  5;  barren,   48. 

17- 

nullus,  a,  um,  adj.  [ullus],  not 
any ;  none,  no,  2.  1953.  4  ; 
10.  14,  etc. ;  as  abl.  of  nemo, 
29.  7. 

num,  adv.,  interrog.  partic, 
whether  (expecting  negative 
answer),  14.  19;  29.  17  ;  43. 
5,  etc. 

Numa,  ae,  m.,  Numa  Pompilius, 


VOCABULARY. 


167 


the    second    king    of    Rome, 

36.  23. 
numero,     1     [numerus],    count; 

count  out,  pay  over,  pay,  59.  4. 
numerus,  1,  M.,  distributing  thing; 

number,  2.  24  ;  4.  9,  13,  etc. 
Numidia,   ae,   f.,   a  country  of 

northern    Africa     (in   modern 

Algiers),  62.  25. 
Numitor,  oris,  m.,  son  of  Procas 

and  grandfather  of   Romulus, 

33.  i- 
numquam,  adv.   [ne,  umquam], 

not  ever  ;  at  no  time,  never,  19. 

II  j  23.  2;  28.  3,  etc. 
nunc,  adv.    [num],    now,   at  the 

present  time,  14.  22;  18.    10  ; 

35.  23,  etc. 


nuntio,    1     [nuntius],    announce, 

declare,   report,    make    known, 

37-8- 
nuntius,  1,   m.,  bringer  of  news  ; 

messenger,   herald,    2.    22  ;    3. 

1854.   6,   etc. ;  news,   tidings, 

65.  4. 
nuper,  adv.,  newly  ;  recently,  not 

long  before,  just,  5.  1 ;  27.  13. 
nurus,    us,    f.,    daughter-in-law, 

young  matron,  46.  17. 
nusquam,  adv.  [ne,  usquam],  not 

anywhere;     nowhere,     in      no 

place,  35.  1 ;  47.  16. 
nut5,  1,   freq    [nuo,   nod],  nod ; 

waver,  falter,  61.  1. 
nympha,   ae,   f.,    bride,  nymph, 

5-  19- 


0,  interj.  of  address,  0!  Oh! 
52.  12. 

Ob,  prep.  w.  ace,  towards,  on 
account  of,  because  of,  for,  2.18; 
5.  15;  8.  5,  etc. 

Obeo,  ire,  Ivi,  (ii)  itus,  go  to  meet  ; 
w.  diem  supremum,  die,  perish, 
74.  27  ;  42.  7. 

Obiurgd,  1,  chide,  blame,  rebuke, 
reprove,  27.  4. 

oblatus.     See  offer5. 

Oblino,  3,  levi,  litus,  daub  upon  ; 
smear  over,  anoint,  9.  4. 

Obliquus,  a,  um,  adj.,  sidelong, 
slanting,  sidewise,  49.  14. 

Oblitus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  oblivis- 
cor],  having  forgotten;  for- 
getful, unmindful,  regardless, 
18.  26  ;  39.  22,  23. 

Obnoxius,  a,  um,  adj.,  liable  ;  ex- 
posed, subject,  64.  22. 


Obruo,  3,  ui,  utus,  rush  against ; 
overwhelm,  cover  over,  crush, 
hide,  bury,  35.  19  ;  62.  12. 

obscurus,  a,  um,  adj.,  covered 
over ;  dark,  black,  5.  3. 

obsecro,  1  [sacr5,  consecrate],  be- 
seech;  implore,  entreat,  pray, 
beg,  10.  25;  29.  1  ;  30.  16,  etc. 
Cf.  obtestor,  31.  14. 

obsequor,  3,  cutus,  follow,  com- 
ply, gratify,  obey,  w.  dat.,  49.  16. 

Obses,  idis,  m.  and  f.,  hostage, 
pledge,  60.  27. 

obsideo,  2,  sedi,  sessus  [sedeS], 
sit  before;  besiege,  beset,  lay 
siege  to,  17.  1  ;  46.  12. 

Obsidid,  onis,  f.,  siege,  blockade, 
69.  3. 

Obsisto,  3,  stiti,  stitus,  stand  in 
the  way;  oppose,  resist,  with- 
stand, 60.  10. 


168 


VOCABULARY. 


ObstrepS,  3,  ul,  — ,  make  a  noise 
against;  clamor  at,  shout 
against,  outbawl,  43.   16. 

obstrud,  3,  struxl,  structus,  build 
against ;  block  up,  bar,  barri- 
cade, 20.  21  ;  21.  19  ;  24.  7. 

Obsum,  esse,  ful,  — ,  be  against ; 
injure,  harm,  67.  22. 

obtestor,  1,  call  as  a  witness ; 
entreat,  implore,  beseech,  31.  14. 
Cf.  obsecro,  10.  25. 

obtineo,  2,  ul,  tentus  [teneo], 
hold  against;  hold,  occupy, 
maintain,  obtain,  2.  3  ;  3.  9  ; 
6.  4,  etc. 

obtrectator,  oris,  m.  [obtrecto, 
detract  front]  ;  slanderer,  dis- 
parager, traducer,  64.  22. 

obtuli.     See  offero. 

Obviam,  adv.,  in  the  way  ;  before, 
in  face  of,  29.  12  ;  w.  flo,  fall 
in  with,  meet,  18.  23;  49.  12; 
w.  e5,  etc.,  go  to  meet,  28.  1  ; 
70.  12. 

Obvius,  a,  um,  adj.  [via],  in  the 
way,  meeting,  w.  dat. ;  w.  esse, 
meet,  39.  16. 

obvolvo,  3,  vi,  volutus,  wrap 
round,  muffle,  cover,  62.  7  ;  64. 

17- 
OCCasio,     onis,     F.,     opportunity, 

chance,   favorable   moment,    8. 

16;  16.  20;  21.  14,  etc. 
OCCasus,  us,  M.,  a  falling;  going 

down,   setting,    4.    22;     12.    2; 

28.  20. 
occido,  3,  cldl,  cis us  [caedS],  cut 

down  ;  put  to  death,  kill,  5.  6, 

8;  10.  13,  etc. 
OCCUld,    3,    uT,   ltus,    cover,  hide, 

conceal,  73.  8. 
occumbo,  3,  cubui,  cubitus,  fall 


in  death ;  die,  perish,    27.    13. 

Cf.  morior,  2.  10. 
OCCupo,   1,   take    into  possession ; 

obtain  possession,  seize,  acquire, 

occupy,  2.   16;  21.    10;  27.   24, 

etc.;  engage,  busy,  employ,  72.  7. 
OCCurrS,  3,  ri,  rsus,  run  against ; 

meet,  come  upon,  12.  10;  49.  10. 

Cf.  obviam  fieri,  49.  12. 
OCulus,  1,  M.,  sharp  thing  ;  eye,  20. 

7,  10,  22,  etc. 
Odium,  1,  N.,  hatred,  aversion,  en- 
mity, 31.  13. 
offendo,     3,    dl,     fensus,    strike 

against ;  displease,  vex,  offend, 

63.  26. 
Offero,     ferre,     obtuli,     oblatus, 

bring    before;    present,     offer, 

21.  25  ;  49.  2  ;  64.  I. 
officina,  ae,  f.  [for  opificlna,  from 

opifex,    workman],    workshop, 

laboratory,  20.  16. 
officium,!,  n.  [for  opificium,  opus], 

service,   office ;    courtesy,  atten- 
tion, honor,  64.  9. 
olim,  adv.,  at  that  time  ;  once  upon 

a  time,  once,  formerly,  2.  1  ;  3. 

11  ;  6.  7,  etc. 
Olympia,  ae,  f.,  a  town  in  Elis 

where    national     games    were 

held,  70.  25. 
omitto,  3,  mlsl,  missus,  let  go; 

pass  by,  disregard,  neglect,  10. 

8  ;  15.  9;  16.  19,  etc. 
omnino,  adv.  [omnis],  altogether, 

wholly,  entirely,  15.  12;  18.  25; 

21.  6,  etc. 
omnis,  e,  adj.,  all,  the  whole,  2. 

23>  3«  x9»  4*  7»  etc-5  as  noun» 
M.  pi.,  all,  everybody,  4.  17  ;  9. 
15,  25;  N.  pi.,  everything,  3. 
20. 


VOCABULARY. 


169 


Onus,  eris,  n.,  load,  burden,  53.  2, 
8,  20,  etc. 

onustus,  a,  um,  adj. [onus], loaded, 
laden,  freighted,  53.  1  ;  70.  10. 

opera,  ae,  f.  [opus],  aid,  help, 
assistance,  67.  17  ;  69.  4;  exer- 
tion, effort,  70.  16;  71.  3;  w. 
dare  and  dat.,  give  attention, 
bestow  care,  busy  or  exert  one- 
self(about),  41.  3;  58.  20. 

opinio,  onis,  f.  [opinor,  suppose], 
supposition  ;  idea,  belief,  expec- 
tation, 13.  12;  reputation,  re- 
nown, name,  6.  18;  71.  20. 

oportet,  2,  uit,  — ,  impers.,  it  is  nec- 
essary, is  proper,  ought,  48.  15. 

oppidum,  1,  N.,town,  6.  2;  36.  24; 
41.  24,  etc. 

oppositus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  op- 
pono],  placed  against;  opposed, 
opposing,  stationed  against,  62.  2. 

oppressus.     See  opprimo. 

opprimo,  3,  press!,  pressus,  press 
against;  weigh  down,  over- 
come, overpower,  11.  20;  23. 
10;  26.  17,  etc.;  crush  to  death, 
16.  26 ;  ruin,  destroy,  67.  14  ; 
72.  27. 

(ops),  opis,  F.,  no  nom.  or  dat. 
sing.,  aid,  help,  assistance,  39. 
6  5  55-  lS  '■>  Power,  might,  influ- 
ence, wealth,  61.  13;  69.  18; 
71.  22,  etc. 

optimas,  atis,  adj.  [optimus],  of 
the  best ;  as  noun,  m.,  adherent 
of  the  nobility,  aristocrat,  pa- 
trician, 58.  15;  69.  22. 

optimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.  of 
bonus;  best,  excellent,  63.  12. 

Optio,  onis,  F.  [opto,  choose], 
choosing;  choice,  liberty  to  choose 
(w.  gen.),  35.  [5. 


opus,  eris,  N.,  work,  labor,  task, 
4.  1  ;  9.  17,  23,  etc.;  work, 
book,  17.  3  ;  want,  need,  60.  3 ; 
magn5  opere  (magnopere), 
greatly,  exceedingly,  heartily, 
6.  17;  9-  13;  12.  7. 

5ra,  ae,  F.,  extremity;  shore, 
coast,  70.  7. 

oraculum,  I,  N.  [oro],  divine  an- 
nouncement;  response,  oracle, 
2.  17,  19  ;    3.  7,  etc. 

6rati5,  5nis,  F.  [5r5],  speaking ; 
speech,  words,  appeal,  14.  11  ; 
style,  speech,  66.  9. 

orbis,  is,  m.,  ring;  terrarum, 
earth,  world,  universe,  59.  26. 

orbus,  a,  um,  adj.,  deprived,  be- 
reft, robbed,  40.  3. 

ordino,  1  [ordo],  order  ;  arrange, 
adjust,  regulate,  36.  11  ;  63.  1  ; 
ordain,  first  make,  44.  17. 

ordior,  4,  orsus,  begin  a  web; 
hence,  begin,  commence,  43.  17. 

ordo,  inis,  m.,  row;  rank,  63.  7; 
ex  ordine,  in  succession,  one 
after  another,  24.  20. 

orior,  4,  ortus,  stir  oneself; 
rise,  arise,  begin,  34.  11  ;  36. 
x6  ;  50.  3;  spring  forth,  rise, 
10.  7,  12  ;  sole  orto,  orta  luce, 
at  sunrise,  9. 9 ;  11.  5  ;  22.  5,  etc. 

ornamentum,  1,  n.  [5rn5],  equip- 
ment ;  decoration,  adornment, 
ornament. 

ornatissimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl. 
of  ornatus,  fitted  out ;  distin- 
guished, excellent,  eminent,  58. 

J3- 
Orni,    orum,    m.,   a    fortress    in 

Thrace,  71.  26. 
or  no,  1,  fit  out ;  adorn,  decorate, 

beautify,  59.  28  ;  63.  9. 


170 


VOCABULARY. 


oro,  i  [os],  use  the  mouth,  speak  ; 

beg,  implore,  entreat,  plead,  16. 

16;    21.    2  ;    31.    14,  etc.     Cf. 

obtestor,  31.   14. 
Orpheus,  I,  m.,  son  of   Onagrus 

and  Calliope,  4.  10. 
OS,  oris,  N.,  mouth,   lips,  8.    13; 

33.  11  ;  59.  17;  of  a  river,  42. 
5 ;  face,   countenance,  features, 

34.  5  ;    47.    II  j   64.    20  ;  lips, 
hence  speech,  elocution,  66.  9. 

OS,  ossis,  N.,  bone,  51.  18. 

0stend5,  3,  dl,  tus,  stretch  before ; 
show,  indicate,  make  known, 
tell,  8.  12  ;  14.  5  ;  22.  20,  etc. 

ostento,   1,  freq.    [ostendS],  pre- 


sent to  view  ;  point  to,  hold  up, 
40.  1. 

Ostia,  ae,  f.,  a  city  founded  by 
Ancus  Marcius  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Tiber,  42.  5. 

Ostium,  I,  N.  [6s],  door,  entrance, 

.    28.  5,  19;  30.  2. 

Stium,  1,  N.,  leisure,  vacant  time, 
freedom  from  care ;  w.  per,  at 
one's  ease,  58.  18. 

ovans,  antis,  adj.  [p.  of  ov5,  re- 
joice], rejoicing,  exulting,  tri- 
umphant, 3g.  14. 

Ovis,  is,  F.,  sheep,  22.  12  ;  24.  9, 
10,  etc. 

ovum,  I,  n.,egg,  50.  13. 


pabulum,  1,  n.,  food  ;  fodder,  pas- 
turage, 49.  1,  4. 
paco,    1    [pax],    make  peaceful ; 

subdue,  bring  to  peace,  37.  20. 
Pactye,    es,    f.,    a    fortress    in 

Thrace,  on  the  Propontis,  71. 

26. 
paene,  adv.,  nearly,  almost,  9.  4; 

13.  4;  18.  25,  etc. 
paenitentia,   ae,    f.    [paeniteS], 

repentance,  56.  11. 
paeniteo,  2,  ul, — ,make  sorry; 

impers.,  //  repents,  grieves,  54. 

2 ;  55-  13- 
palea,  ae,  f.,  chaff,  52.  8. 
paliidamentum,    1,  n.,  {military) 

cloak,  mantle,  39.  17. 
palus,  1,  M.,  stake,  bar,  post,  22. 

18;  23.  13. 
palus,    udis,    F.,   swamp,    marsh, 

63.    15;  Caprae,   Goafs-marsh, 

36.  13. 
pando,  3,  di,  passus,  spread  out ; 


passus  as  adj.,  outspread ;  fly- 
ing, streaming,  dishevelled,  36. 

2. 
papaver,  eris,  m.,  poppy  ;  capita, 

poppy-heads,  46.  7. 
par,   paris,  adj.,  equal,  matched, 

39.9;  61.14;  67.  20,  etc.;  like, 

similar,  45.  5. 
paratus,  a,  urn,  adj.  [p.  of  pard], 

prepared;  ready,  fitted,  8.   11  ; 

superl.,  4.  13. 
parcissimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl. 

of  parcus,  frugal,  sparing,  mod- 
erate, 64.  26. 
pareo,  2,  ui,  — ,  appear  ;  yield  to, 

68.  27  ;  carry  out  orders,  obey, 

68.  12. 
pario,    3,    peperl,    partus,   bring 

forth;  produce,  (5vum)  lay,  50. 

13;  gain,  obtain,  acquire,  72.  3. 

Cf.  consequor,  42.  19. 
pariter,  adv.    [par],  equally,  58. 

22  ;  in  like  manner,  just,  55.  19. 


VOCABULARY. 


171 


paro,  i,  make  or  get  ready,  pre- 
pare, 10.  21 ;  12.  6;  18.  3,  etc.; 
make,  16.  4  ;  8.  25  ;  contrive, 
arrange,  provide,  35.  5  ;  43.  II. 

pars,  partis,  f.,  that  which  is  cut ; 
part,  portion,  share,  10.  5  ;  20. 
18,  23,  etc.;  part,  direction,  2. 
23;  3.  J9  5  5-  J»  etc;  plur., 
/ar/j/,  58.    16;   62.   25. 

parsimonia,  ae,  f.  [parco],  fru- 
gality, thrift,  75.  14. 

Parthi,  drum,  m.,  a  people  of 
Scythia,  61.  10. 

parum,  adv.,  too  little ;  little 
enough,  little,  48.    13. 

parvulus,  a,  urn,  adj.,  dim.  [par- 
vus], very  small ;  as  noun,  M., 
little  one,  babe,  33.  6,  12  ;  53.  8, 
etc. 

parvus,  a,  um,  adj.,  small,  little, 
slight,  7.  12  ;  51.  22. 

pasco,  3,  pavl,  pastus,  cause  to 
eat ;  feed,  drive  to  pasture,  at- 
tend, 55.  14;  pass.,  feed,  graze, 
50.  1;  52.  8;  56.  13. 

passus,  a,  um,  adj.,  see  pando. 

passus,  us,  m.,  step,  pace ;  mille 
passuum,  mile,  4.  235-5.  12; 
11.  11,  etc. 

pastor,  oris,  M.,  one  that  feeds  ; 
herdsman,  shepherd,  20.  13533. 
13,  15,  etc. 

patefacio,  3,  feci,  factus  [pate5, 
facio],  make  stand  open  ;  throw 
or  lay  open,  open,  30.  2. 

pater,  tris,  M.,  he  who  feeds; 
father,  sire,  8.  20,  23;  10.  22, 
etc. ;  pi.,  fathers,  patricians,  36. 
16;  39.  25. 

paternus,  a,  um,  adj.  [pater],  of 
a  father;  father's,  ancestral, 
hereditary,  43.  10  ;  45.  10. 


patiens,  entis,  adj.  [p.  of  patior], 
bearing  ;  enduring,  patient,  tol- 
erant, 65.  1 ;  66.  10. 

patientia,  ae,  f.  [patiens], quality 
of  enduring ;  patience,  endur- 
ance, 75.  13. 

patior,  3,  passus,  bear*;  suffer, 
endure,  allow,  permit,  24.  19  ; 
49.  6;  62.  11,  etc. 

patria,  ae,  f.  [patrius,  father's, 
sc.  terra],  fatherland ;  native 
land,  country,  18.  12,  26;  25. 
19,  etc. 

patrimdnium,  1,  n.  [pater],  in- 
heritance from  a  father  ;  estate, 
inheritance,  60.  2. 

patro,  1,  bring  to  pass  ;  carry  out, 
execute,  perform,  43.  12.  Cf. 
perficio,  8.  10. 

paucus,  a,  um,  adj.,/^w,  2.  3,  21; 
4.  14,  etc.  ;  as  noun,  M.  pi., 
few,  a  few,  38.  9;  40.  11. 

paulatim,  adv.  [paulum],  by  little 
and  little  ;  by  degrees,  gradu- 
ally, 46.  1. 

paulo,  adv.  [abl.  N.  of  paulus], 
by  a  little ;  a  little,  shortly, 
4.  3;  18.  8;  40.  2,  etc. 

paululum,  adv.  [paululus,  very 
little],  a  little,  a  very  little,  54.  3. 

paulum,  adv.  [paulus,  little],  a 
little,  somewhat,  5.  19;  16.  12; 
19.  23,  etc. 

pauper,  eris,  adj .,  not  wealthy ; 
poor,  small,  59.  13. 

pavo,  5nis,  m.,  peacock,  48.  5, 
11. 

pax,  pads,  F.,  binding  thing; 
peace,    reconciliation,  harmony, 

36.  4 ;  37.  19 ;  38.  3>  etc. 

pec  CO,  1,  miss,  mistake,  trans- 
gress, offend,  sin. 


172 


VOCABULARY. 


pectus,  oris,  n.,  fastened  thing ; 

breast,  bosom,  21.  15  ;  57.  3. 
pecunia,  ae,  f.  [pecus] ,  property  ; 

money,  wealth,  pi.  funds,  27.  5  ; 

42.  17;  58.  10,  etc. 
pecus,  oris,  N.,  thing  fastened  up  ; 

flock,  cattle,  20.  20;  22.  8  ;  24. 

8,  etc. 
pedester,  tris,  tre,  adj.  [pes],  on 

foot ;  w.  copiae,  infantry,  land 

forces,  72.  14. 
peior,  ius,  adj.,  comp.  of  malus, 

worse. 
Pelias,  ae,  m.,  a  mythical  king  of 

Thessaly,  2.  2. 
pellis,  is,  F.,   shin,   hide,    50.  6; 

53-  6,  9. 
pelld,    3,  pepuli,  pulsus,  drive ; 

drive  out,  banish,   33.    3;    71. 

3- 

Peloponnesius,  a,  um,  adj.,  of 
the  Peloponnesus,  Peloponne- 
sian,  67.  3. 

Penelope,  es,  f.,  wife  of  Ulysses, 
18.  10. 

penitus,  adv.,  from  within  ;  with- 
in, completely,  far  within,  73. 
6;  pervenio,  penetrate,  43.  14. 

penna,  ae,  f.,  feather,  plume,  48. 

5  ;  54.  8. 

per,  prep.  w.  ace,  through, 
throughout,  11.  II;  15.  2;  16. 
11,  etc.  ;  across,  over,  down 
over,  7.  19;  16.  21  ;  45.  11  ; 
by>  at,  39.  2  ;  58.  18  ;  by  means 
of^.6;  10.  18;  11.  1,  etc. 

pera,  ae,  f.,  bag,  wallet,  57.  1. 

peragd,  3,  egi,  actus,  drive 
through ;  go  through  with, 
carry  out,  perform,  40.  6  ;  go 
over,  set  forth,  relate,  41.  16. 
Cf.  perficio,  8.  10. 


peragrd,  1  [ager],  wander 
through  the  fields;  wander 
through,  travel,  pass  through, 
33;  16. 

percipio,  3,  cepT,  ceptus  [capio], 
take   wholly ;   assume,  feel,   2. 

"J  5-  9;  23.  3- 

percontor,  1  [contus,  pole], 
search  with  a  pole ;  question, 
inquire,  ask,  47.  3 ;  54.  2.  Cf. 
interrogo. 

percutio,  3,  cuss!,  cussus  [qua- 
tio],  strike  through  ;  strike,  62. 
21  ;  slay,  kill,  43.  7.  Cf.  oc- 
cid5,  5.  6. 

perdo,  3,  didl,  ditus,  make  away 
with  ;  lose,  throw  away,  50.  16. 

perdiico,  3,  xl,  ductus,  bring  or 
lead  tli7-ough,  7.  24 ;  lead,  bring, 
conduct,  guide,  33.  23;  35.  16, 
18,  etc. 

peregrinus,  a,  um,  adj.  [peregre 
(per,  ag5),  abroad],  from 
foreign  parts,  foreign,  63.  7. 

perennis,  e,  adj.  [annus],  through 
the  year ;  never  failing,  un- 
ceasing, ever  flowing,  37.  26. 

pereo,  ire,  ii,  iturus,  go  through  ; 
disappear,  perish,  die,  3.  13; 
15*  l7  j  45*  8,  etc.  Cf.  morior, 
2.   10. 

perfero,  ferre,  tuli,  latus,  bear 
through ;  bear,  withstand,  en- 
dure, 4.  5;   14.  17  ;  66.  14. 

perficio,  3,  feci,  feet  us  [facio], 
do  thoroughly ;  perform,  exe- 
cute, do  successfully,  8.  10. 

perfidia,  ae,  F.  [perfidus],  faith- 
lessness, treachery,  40.  20. 

perfidus,  a,  um,  adj.,  promise- 
breaking  ;  faithless,  dishonest, 
treacherous,  35.   27. 


VOCABULARY. 


173 


perflo,  i ,  —  ,  — ,  blow  through  or 
over,  26.  22. 

perfringo,  3,  fregi,  fractus 
[frangd],  break  through ;  break 
in  pieces,  shatter,  completely 
wreck,  21.  6. 

pergd,  3,  rexi,  rectus  [rego], 
make  quite  straight,  go,  go  on, 
proceed,  hasten,  43.  15  ;  46.  18 ; 

49-  *5' 

Pericles,  is,  m.,  a  celebrated 
Athenian  statesman  and  gen- 
eral, 66.  18. 

periculum  (periclum),  1,  n., 
means  of  trying ;  risk,  peril, 
danger,  2.  7,  20  ;  3.  13,  etc. 

peritus,  a,  um,  adj.,  experienced, 
skilled,  expert,  42.  14;  superl., 
65.  1. 

perlustro,  1 ,  go  over  ;  wander  all 
through,  view  all  over,  examine 
carefully,  20.  22 ;  29.  9. 

permaneo,  2,  mansi,  mansurus, 
remain  through  ;  continue,  re- 
main, persist,  14.  6. 

perpetud,  adv.  [perpetuus],  con- 
stantly, without  ceasing,  forever, 
37.  1  ;  64.  25. 

perpetuus,  a,  um,  adj.,  continu- 
ous ;  permanent,  69.  3  ;  in  per- 
petuum,  for  all  time,  for  life, 
63.  20. 

persaepe,  adv.,  very  often,  65.  4. 

perscribo,  3,  psi,  ptus,  write  in 
full ;  write  at  length,  describe 
fully,  32.  5. 

persequor,  3,  cutus,  follow  per- 
severingly,  chase,  follow  up, 
62.   14  ;  74-  4- 

Perses,  ae,  m.,  Persian,  75.  15; 
w.  rex,  for  rex  Persarum,  69.  1. 

perspicio,  3,  spexl,  spectus,  look 
through ;  examine,  inspect. 


perstringo,    3,  inxl,    ictus,    bind 

through ;  seize,  affect  deeply, 
move,  38.  19. 

persuadeo,  2,  suasl,  suasus, 
thoroughly  convince ;  induce, 
prevail  upon,  5.  20;  19.  9;  25. 
23,  etc. 

perterreo,  2,  — ,  itus,  frighten 
thoroughly ;  frighten,  terrify, 
7.  6  ;  30.  18  ;  49.  10,  etc. 

pertimescd,  3,  timuT,  —  ,  inch.,  be 
frightened,  be  alarmed,  fear 
greatly,  69.   10. 

pertinaciter,  adv.  [pertinax,  per- 
severing}, obstinately,  persist- 
ently, 58.  13. 

pertineS,  2,  ui,  —  [teneo],  stretch 
out;     belong,    relate,     concern, 

67.  12,  25. 

perturb5,  1 ,  confuse  thoroughly  ; 

disturb,  discompose,  28.  22. 
pervehd,    3,    vexi,    vectus,   bear 

through;    pass.,  reach,  arrive, 

68.  14. 

perveni5,  4,  veni,  ventus,  come 
through  ;  reach,  come,  3.  5;  7. 
12;  13.  18,  etc.;  w.  penitus, 
penetrate,  43.  14. 

pes,  pedis,  m.,  going  thing ;  foot, 
3.  5  ;  10.  24 ;  30.  23,  etc.  ;  re- 
fero,  retreat,  n.  22. 

pestilentia,  ae,  f.  [pestilens,  un- 
healthy'], plague,  pestilence,  40. 
26. 

peto,  3,  IvT  (ii),  Itus,  fall  upon  ; 
seek,  make  for,  attack,  7.  2  ;  50. 
3;  64.  16;  try  to  gain,  strive 
for,  solicit,  23.  n  ;  35.  1  ;  61. 
17,  etc.;  get,  obtain,  seek,  10. 
21 5  35-  x3  J  as&>  ?>eg>  request, 
12.  44;  55.  6  ;  70.  2;  ask,  claim 
as  reward,  35.  16;  47.    14. 

petulantia,  ae,  f.    [petulans,  for- 


174 


VOCABULARY. 


ward],freakishness,  impudence, 

50.  9. 
Pharnabazus,  1,  m.,  governor  of 

northwestern    Asia  Minor,  73. 

12. 
Pharnaces,  is,  m.,  king  of  Pon- 

tus,   a  province  south  of   the 

Black  Sea,  62.  17. 
Pharsalicus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  or  at 

Pharsalus,  a  town  in  Thessaly, 

where,  in  B.C.  48,  Julius  Caesar 

defeated  Pompeius,  62.  13. 
Phasis,  idis,   m.,  a  river  flowing 

into  the  Black  Sea,  8.  1. 
Philocles,  T,  m.,  an  Athenian  gen- 
eral, 72.  5. 
Phineus,  el,  m.,  a  blind  king  of 

Thrace,  6.  5. 
Phrixus,  I,  m.,  son  of  Athamas, 

3-  10. 
Phrygia,  ae,  f.,  a  country  of  Asia 

Minor,  73.  15. 
pietas,   atis,   f.    [pius,   dutiful], 

dutiful  conduct ;    religiousness, 

devotion,  piety,  37.  28  ;  justice, 

right,  59.  20. 
pignus,  oris  and  eris,  n.,  pledge, 

token,  assurance,  37.  7,  15. 
plla,   ae,   f.,  pillar,  column,  68. 

22;  71.  7. 
pilleus,  I,  m.   (pilleum,  1,  n.), 

skull-cap,  cap,  42.  11. 
pinguissimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl. 

of  pinguis,  e,fat,  heavy,  24.  13. 
Piraeus,  1,  m.,  the  port  of  Athens, 

70.  12. 
pirata,  ae,  m.,  sea-robber,  pirate, 

58.  22;  59.  3,8. 
Pisander,  dri,  m.,   an   Athenian 

general,  69.  19. 
pistrinum,  I,  n.   [pistor,  miller], 

corn-mill,  mill,  50.  8. 


placeo,  2,  ul  or  itus  sum,  itus, 
please,  be  pleasing,  suit,  w.  dat., 
impers.,  {they)  decide,  determine, 
agree,  38.  9;  46.  16;  51.  II. 

placide,  adv.  [placidus,  calm], 
gently,  calmly,  quietly,  47.   10. 

plaga,  ae,  f.,  blow,  thrust,  wound, 
64.  17. 

plausus,  us,  m.  [plaudo,  clap  the 
hands],  clapping,  applause, 
cheering,  4.   17. 

plebs,  bis,  f.,  common  people, 
plebeians,  people,  36.  17  ;  39.  25  ; 
60.  8. 

(plecto),  3,  — ,  — ,  only  pass., 
be  punished,  suffer,  56.  1 5. 

plenus,  a,  um,  adj.,  full,  filled, 
60.  12  ;  64.  20  ;  66.  7. 

plerusque,  raque,  rumque,  adj., 
the  greater  part;  pi.,  about  all, 
the  greater  part,  75.  1. 

pliirimum,  adv.  [plurimus],  very 
much,  67.  22  ;  68.  26;  w.  pos- 
sum, have  great  power  or  in- 
fluence, be  of  chief  importance, 
46.  3. 

plurimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.  of 
multus ;  most,  very  many, 
numerous,  10.  13;  36.  26;  37. 
22,  etc. 

plus,  ris,  adj.,  comp.  of  multus  ; 
fuller ;  more,  many,  42.  6 ; 
63.  10;  66.  21,  etc.;  as  adv., 
68.  27  ;  72.  14. 

poculum,!,  N.,  vessel ;  cup,  vessel, 
30.  6,  7. 

poena,  ae,  f.,  compensation ; 
penalty,  punishment,  25.  10; 
30.  22  ;  35.  20,  etc. 

poeta,  ae,  in..,  poet,  17.  3  ;  59.  17. 

pol,  interj.  [Pollux],  by  Pollux! 
truly!  indeed!  54.  8. 


VOCABULARY. 


175 


polliceor,  2,  itus  [pro-liceor],  hold 
forth  ;  promise,  bargain,  engage, 
14.  3.     Cf.  prdmitto,  6.  22. 
Polyphemus,  1,  m.,  a  Cyclops,  5. 

25- 
Pompeianus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  Pom- 

pey,  Pompey's,  61.  14. 
Pompeius,  1,  m.,  Gnaeus  Pompey, 

a    Roman     general,     Caesar's 

friend  and  ally,  afterwards  his 

rival,  60.  6. 
Pompilius,  i,  m.     See  Numa,  36. 

23- 
Pomptinus,  a,  um,  adj.  [Pontius, 

a  Roman  name],    Pomptine  or 

Pontine;      palus,     the     large 

marshy  region  in  Italy,  exposed 

to  the  inundation  of  the  Amase- 

nus  and  Ufens,  63.  14. 
pond,  3,  posul,  positus,  put  down  ; 

set  in  position,  set  up,  place,  fix, 

7.    11 ;  14.    25;    20.    11,   etc.; 

regard,   consider,    67.   20 ;    75. 

T3»    I9  5  pass.,  lie,  rest,  depend 

or  consist  in,  7.  23;  24.  13. 
pons,  pontis,  m.,  bridge,  42.  4  ; 

60.  25. 
ponticulum,  I,  n.,  dim.    [pons], 

little  bridge,  61.  24. 
Ponticus,  a,  um,  adj.,  relating  to 

the  Pontus,  62.  23. 
Pontus,  I,  m.,   the  region  about 

the  Black  Sea  (Pontus),  62.  17. 
populus,  I,  M.,  the  many  ;  nation, 

people,  citizens,  34.  24  ;  35.  1  ; 

36.  10,  etc. 
porcus,   T,  M.,   tame  swine ;  hog, 

pig,  28.  18;  29.  16;  30.  21,  etc. 
porta,  ae,  F.,  thing  passed  through; 

Passage,  exit,  26.  22  ;  gate,  door, 

9.  11 ;  20.  7,  21,  etc. 
portendo,  3,  dl,  tus,  stretch  forth; 


foretell,  predict,  destine,  42.  14; 
44.  1. 

port ic us,  us,  F.  [porta],  covered 
walk  between  columns ;  colon- 
nade, gallery,  59.  28. 

porto,  1,  freq.,  bear,  carry,  take, 
42.  16;  53.  5. 

portorium,  I,  N.,  tax,  duty,  tariff, 

63.  7-_ 

portus,  us,  M.,  harbor,  port,  19. 
17;  26.  10. 

pOSCO,  3,  poposci,  — ,  ask  ur- 
gently; beg,  request,  demand, 
require,  47.  4;  66.  10. 

possum,  posse,  potui,  —  [potis, 
able],  be  able,  have  power,  can, 
3-5  5  4-24;  7-  J°>  etc;  pluri- 
mum,  have  great  influence,  be  of 
chief  importance,  46.  3. 

post,  adv.,  behind ;  afterwards, 
after,  later,  4.  18  ;  16.  12  ;  36. 
7,  etc.;  prep.  w.  ace,  after,  fol- 
lowing, 2.  3,  15,  21,  etc.;  be- 
hind, ig.  16;  27.  3. 

postea,  adv.,  after  these;  after- 
wards, then,  7.  6  ;  34.  14  ;  46. 
12,  etc. 

(posterus),  adj.  [post],  coming 
after  ;  following,  next,  2.  9;  40. 
18;  46.  22  ;  pi.,  M.,  descendants, 
41.  12. 

posthac,  adv.,  after  this ;  here- 
after,    henceforth,     in    futicre, 

41.  3- 
postquam,  conj.,  after  that ;  after 

(w.  indie),  3.  20;  4.  22 ;  5.  23, 

etc. 
postremo,   adv.   [postremus],   at 

last,  finally,  58.  10;  61.  25. 
postremus,  a,   um,   adj.,  superl. 

of  posterus  ;   last ;   w.  ad,  sc. 

tempus,  at  last,  finally,  46.  3. 


176 


VOCABULARY. 


postrldie,  adv.  [for  postero  die], 
on  the  day  after,  next  day,  5. 
10;  11.  5;  19.  19,  etc. 

postulatum,  1,  n.  [postulo],  de- 
mand, claim,  request,  41.  17  ; 
72.  19. 

postulo,  1,  ask,  demand,  request, 
desire,  8.  4  ;  9.  18  ;  14.  2,  etc. 

potentatus,  us,  m.  [potens,  able], 
ability  ;  power,  rule,  dominion, 
36.  7- 

potentia,  ae,  f.  [potens,  able], 
might ;  political  power,  influ- 
ence, authority,  sovereignty,  69. 
22;  73.  12.     Cf.  imperium,  34. 

l3- 
potentior,    ius,    adj.,  comp.    of 

potens   [p.  of  possum],  able; 

mighty,  strong,  67.  16. 
potestas,    atis,    f.    [potis,   able], 

ability;    power,    control,    rule, 

45.  22;  59.  8;  70.  5;  chance, 

opportunity,  73.  22. 
potior,  4,  become  master  of ;  get 

possession   of,    obtain,    acquire, 

w.  abl.,  3.  12;  34.  20. 
potius,  adv.,  comp.  [potis,  able], 

rather,  more,  68.  2. 
prae,  prep.  w.  abl.,  before,  in  front 

of,  39.  16. 
praeacittus,  a,  um,  adj.,  sharp  in 

front;   sharpened  at  the  end, 

pointed,  22.  19. 
praebe5,  2,  uT,  itus  [habeo],  hold 

before;    offer,    furnish,    give, 

show,  2.  12 ;  4.  1  ;  6.  7,  etc. 
praecaveo,  2,  cavl,  cautus,  take 

care  or  heed,  be  on  one's  guard, 

beware,  21.  5. 
praeceptum,   1,   n.   [p.  of  prae- 

cipio],  rule,  precept,  direction, 

order,  49.  16. 


praecipid,  3,  cepi,  ceptus  [capiS], 
take  beforehand ;  advise,  ad- 
monish, instruct,  charge,  bid, 
order,  9.  2  ;  10.  9;  36.  19. 

praecipito,  1  [praeceps,  head- 
long], throw  headlong,  hurl 
down,  cast,  71.  8. 

praecipue,  adv.[praecipuus,  taken 
before  others],  chiefly,  princi- 
pally, more  than  anything  else, 
20.  14;  63.8. 

praeclarissimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  su- 
perl.ofpraeclarus;  very  famous, 
distinguished,  noted,  4.  10. 

praeda,  ae,  F.,  property  taken  in 
war ;  booty,  prey,  victim,  54. 
15  5  56.  14;  70-  10,  etc. 

praedicatio,  onis,  f.  [praedicS], 
public  proclamation  ;  vaunting, 
boast,  62.  22. 

praedico,  1,  make  known  by  proc- 
lamation ;  declare,  pronounce, 
assert,  52.  7 ;  68.  23  ;  75.  6. 

praedico,  3,  xl,  dictus,  say  before  ; 
predict,  tell  beforehand,  foretell, 
10.  4;  64.  4. 

praedd,  onis,  m.  [praeda],  one 
who  makes  booty;  robber, pirate, 
58.  20  ;  59.  7. 

praedor,  1  [praeda],  make  booty; 
rob,  plunder,  20.  26;  73.  2. 

praefectus,  1,  m.  [p.  of  praeficio], 
commander,  governor,  satrap, 
69.  15. 

praeferd,  ferre,  tuli,  latus,  bear  in 
front ;  carry  in  procession,  dis- 
play, 62.  24. 

praeferox,  ocis,  adj.,  very  vio- 
lent; haughty,  insolent,  62.  18. 

praeficio,  3,  feci,  fectus,  place  in 
front ;  place  in  command,  put 
at  the  head,  69.  26. 


VOCABULARY. 


177 


praefinio,  4,  determine  before- 
hand;  ordain, prescribe,  56.  17. 

praematurus,  a,  um,  adj.,  too 
early,  untimely,  premature. 

praemium,  I,  N.  taking  before ; 
favor,  reward,  recompense,  6. 
22. 

praepono,  3,  posui,  positus,//a^ 
in  front ;  put  before,  prefer  to, 
w.  ace.  and  dat.,  49.  3. 

praeripio,  3,  ui,  reptus  [rapid], 
snatch  before;  seize,  carry  off, 
snatch  away,  42.  7. 

praesaepe,  is,  n.  [saepes,  fence], 
enclosure ;  stall,  crib,  manger, 
49.  4. 

praesens,  entis,  adj.  [p.  of  prae- 
sum],  at  hand ;  present,  52.  13; 
68.  2 ;  70.  16,  etc. ;  instant, 
immediate,  21.  11  ;  in  prae- 
senti,  for  the  present,  68.  4. 

praesentia,  ae,  f.  [praesens], 
presence  ;  w.  in,  at  or  for  the 
time,  at  present,  2.  19;  74.  20. 

praesertim,  adv.,  especially,  par- 
ticularly, 69.  14. 

praeses,  idis,  m.  and  f.,  protector, 
guardian,  20.  15. 

praesidium,  I,  n.  [praeses],  pro- 
tection ;  guard,  watch,  11.  9; 
25.  1  ;  garrison,  69.  3. 

praestans,  antis,  adj.  [p.  of  prae- 
sto],  standing  before  (all  oth- 
ers); distinguished,  remarkable, 
wonderful,  very  great,  6g.  9 ; 
superl.,  5.  18. 

praestantia,  ae,  f.  [praestans], 
preeminence,  superiority,  ex- 
cellence, 54.  17. 

praesto,  1,  itl,  itus,  stand  before  ; 
be  superior,  excel,  surpass,  w. 
dat.,  46.  20. 


praesum,  esse,  fui,  be  before ;  be 
at  the  head  of,  command,  have 
charge  of,  w.  dat.  4.  1  ;  27.  18; 
35.  14,  etc. 

praeter,  prep.  w.  ace,  besides,  ex- 
cept, 26.  5;  50.  18;  59.  27, 
etc. 

praeterea,  adv.,  besides  these ;  in 
addition,  beyond  this,  moreover, 
37-  7 ;  67.  5 ;  70.  6. 

praetereo,  ire,  ii,  itus,  go  beyond, 
56.  18 ;  go  by,  pass  by,  24.  18; 
48.  1 ;  64.  8. 

praetermitto,  3,  misi,  missus,  let 
go  by  ;  let  go,  pass  by,  neglect, 
disregard,  26.  6. 

praetexta,  ae,  f.  [praetextus,  bor- 
dered], bordered  toga;  toga  with 
a  purple  border  (sign  of  power), 
43.8. 

praetor,  oris,  m.,  leader  ;  general, 
69.  19,  24;  72.  5,  etc. 

praevenid,  4,  veni,  ventus,  come 
before;  arrive  before,  precede, 
anticipate,  63.  19 ;  65.  5. 

pratum,  1,  n.,  meadow,  pasture, 
50.   1. 

prehendS,  3,  dl,  ensus,  lay  hold 
of;  grasp,  seize,  snatch. 

premo,  3,  essi,  essxis,  press  ;  check, 
curb,  restrain,  25.  22. 

pretium,  T,  n., price,  value,  money, 
47.  3,7,  11,  etc. 

(prex,  precis),  f.,  a  praying; 
prayer,   entreaty,    16.   18 ;    29. 

19;  3i.  *3>  etc- 
pridem,  adv.,  long  ago,  long  since, 

61.  13. 

primo,  adv.  [primus],  in  the  first ; 
at  first,  first,  at  the  beginning, 

33-  15;  43-  15- 
(primoris,  e),  adj.  [primus] , first ; 


178 


VOCABULARY. 


as  noun,  m.  pi.,  chiefs,  leading 
men,  nobles,  46.  10. 

primum,  adv.  [primus],  first ;  in 
the  first  place,  at  first,  2.  2;  7. 
2;  8.  12,  etc.;  cum  (ubi)  pri- 
mum, as  soon  as,  13.  14;  53. 
12;  54.  7  ;  quam  primum,  as 
soon  as  possible,  11.  4. 

primus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.,  the 
first,  first,  12.  15;  35.  24;  38. 
18,  etc.;  earliest,  5g.  16;  chief, 
foremost,  18.  4;  59.  15;  66.  8; 
first  part  of,  53.  16. 

princeps,  cipis  [primus,  capio], 
taking  first  place  ;  first  in  the 
procession,  at  the  head,  foremost, 
thief,  39.  15;  75.  19. 

prior,  ius,  adj.,  comp.,  former ; 
first,  34.  14  ;  53.  7. 

Priscus,  1,  m.  See  Tarquinius, 
42.  21. 

pristinus,  a,  um,  adj.  [for  prius- 
tinus],  former,  early,  previous, 
70.  28. 

prius,  adv.,  comp.  [prior] ,  before  ; 
first,  8.  10 ;  45.  1  ;  49.  17 ; 
formerly,  before,  53.  15. 

priusquam  or  prius  quam,  adv., 
sooner  than,  before,  7.  19  ;  13. 
17  J  39-  7,  etc. 

privatus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  privo], 
apart  from  the  state  ;  as  private 
citizen,  67.  16  ;  w.  res,  per- 
sonal property,  private  life, 
67.  12. 

privignus,  1,  m.,  stepson,  66.  18. 

privo,  1,  rob,  deprive,  bereave,  w. 
abl.,  33.  3. 

prd,  prep.  w.  abl.,  before,  in  front 
of,  63.  25  ;  instead  of,  60.  20  ; 
in  behalf  of,  for,  38.  11;  for, 
the   same  as,  as,    36.    22  ;  pro 


cert5,  beyond  a  doubt,  13.   10  ; 
in    return   for,    7.8;     23.    7 ; 
26.    8,  etc. 
Proca,   ae,   m.,  a  king  of   Alba, 

33-  I- 

procedo,  3,  cessi,  — ,  go  before  ; 
advance,  move  forward,  go 
forth,  35.  22  ;  36.  17;  38.  15, 
etc. 

proclamo,  1,  call  out ;  cry  loudly, 
shout,  proclaim,  39.  29. 

procul,  adv.,  driven  forward ; 
far,  far  off,  at  a  distance,  a 
great  way,  29.  26 ;  34.  4 ; 
39.  4;  procul  dubio,  without 
doubt,  47.  8. 

Proculus,  I,  m.,  a  Roman  knight, 
36.  16. 

procurd,  1,  take  care  of;  avert, 
ward  off,  37.  6. 

prSded,  ire,  ii,  itus,  go  forth  ;  go 
out,  appear,  67.  19. 

prddigium,  1,  N.,  prophetic  sign  ; 
omen,  sign,  portent,  42.  14; 
43-  23. 

proditiS,  onis,  f.,  a  betraying; 
treachery,  treason,  35.  20. 

prodo,  3,  didi,  ditus,  put  forth  ; 
hand  down,  w.  memoriae,  re- 
port, record,  46.  27  ;  66.  3. 

proelium,  I,  N.,  battle,  combat, 
contest,  36.  1  ;  39.  12  ;  43. 
7,  etc. 

profectio,  onis,  f.,  a  going  away  ; 
departure,  setting  out,  18.  2; 
26.  10;  31.  26. 

pr5fer5,  ferre,  tuli,  latus,  bring 
forth  ;  bring  forward,  produce. 

proficiscor,  3,  fectus  [proficiS, 
advance"],  begin  to  advance  one- 
self;  set  out,  take  the  field, 
start,  3.   18;  5.   1  ;  12.  6,  etc.; 


VOCABULARY. 


179 


set   out,  go   away,   depart,   25. 

6;    67.    28;    go,   27.   23;    59. 

11. 
profligo,  I,  strike  to  the  ground ; 

completely     crush,     overthrow, 

overcome,  62.  20. 
progenies,   ace.   em.,  f.,  descent, 

descendants,  race,  family. 
progredior,  3,  gressus   [gradior], 

go  forward  ;  advance,  proceed, 

go    on,     4.    23;    5.      12;     11. 

11,  etc. 
prohibeo,  2,  ui,  itus  [habeo],  hold 

before;    prevent,    keep    from, 

hinder,  5.  4. 
proicio,    3,    ieel,    iectus    [iacio], 

throw  forth ;  throw   away,  let 

go,  give  up,  27.  5  ;  w.  se,  throw 

oneself,  fall  prostrate,  10.  24 ; 

30.  23. 
proinde,  adv.,  henceforward ;  ac- 
cordingly,   therefore,   then,   11. 

20;   in   like   manner,   equally, 

just,  even,  70.  14  ;  71.  3. 
promitto,  3,  misi,  missus,  let  go  ; 

engage,  promise,  assure,  6.  22  ; 

8.  9 ;    11.  3,  etc.      Cf.   polli- 

ceor,  14.  3. 
promo,    3,    mpsT,   mptus    [em 5], 

take  out ;  bring  forth,  produce, 

22.  22. 
prope,  adv.,  nearly,  almost,  about, 

58.    8,      21  ;    comp.    propius, 

nearer,  49.  13  ;  64.  10. 
propero,    1     [properus,    quick], 

hasten,     hurry,    proceed    with 

haste,  33.    21;  45.   13;    59.    5. 

Cf.  maturo. 
propinquus,  a,  um,  adj.  [prope], 

near;    as   noun,    M.,    relative, 

kinsman,  58.   1 1, 
prdpdno,  3,   posui,   positus,  put 


forth,  propose,  offer,  suggest, 
conceive,  8.  20  ;  10.  16  ;  51.  11. 

Propontis,  idis,  f.,  the  Propontis, 
or  Sea  of  Marmora,  73.  7. 

proprius,  a,  um,  adj.,  not  common 
with  others ;  own,  special,  pri- 
vate, 57.  2. 

propter,  prep.  w.  ace.  [prope], 
near  ;  on  account  of,  by  reason 
of,  because  of,  36.  9 ;  40.  20  ; 
50.  19,  etc. 

prora,  ae,  Y.,prow,  bow,  7.  17. 

proripio,  3,  ui,  reptus  [rapid], 
seize  forth  ;  w.  se,  rush,  burst 
forth,  43.  20. 

prosequor,  3,  cut  us,  follow  on  ; 
follow  up,  pursue,  continue,  go 
on,  13.  12  ;  70.  24. 

pr5silio,  4,  ui,  —  [sali5,  leap], 
leap  forward,  springup,  64.  15. 

prospere,  adv.  [prosperus,  accord- 
ing to  hope],  hopefully  ;  favor- 
ably, fortunately,  prosperously, 
71.  16. 

prostratus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  pro- 
sterno,  strew  before],  cast  down, 
throw  to  the  ground,  21.  13. 

prosum,  desse,  fuT,  be  for ;  do 
good,  benefit,  serve,  7.  3 ;  10. 
26  ;  13.  19,  etc. 

protendo,  3,  — ,  tus,  stretch  forth, 
reach  out,  extend. 

protinus,  adv.,  before  oneself ;  at 
once,  immediately,  fa.  8. 

protuli.     See  prdfero. 

proveh5,  3,  vexi,  vectus,  carry 
forward ;  pass.,  advance,  pro- 
ceed, progress,  7.  16;  25.  8. 

provincia,  ae,  f.,  office,  duty, 
charge,  68.  1 1  ;  province,  state, 
60.  21,  23;  61.  21. 

provoco,  1 ,  call  forth  ;  challenge, 


180 


VOCABULARY. 


invite,  23.  I  ;  appeal,  call  upon, 

39.  28. 
proxime,    adv.,    superl.     [proxi- 

mus],  nearest,  very  near,  59.  5. 
proximus,   a,   um,   adj.,    superl. 

[prope],  nearest,  next,  11.  17  ; 

61.  23;  64.  4  ;  /#.$•/,  previous, 
38.  6  ;  in  proxim5,  near  at 
hand,  near  by,  34.  22. 

prudentia,  ae,  f.  [prudens,  for 
providens,  foreseeing},  sagacity, 
sense,  intelligence,  discretion, 
18.  5  ;  69.  9. 

Ptolemaeus,  1,  m.,  a  king  of 
Egypt  in  the   time  of   Caesar, 

62.  15. 

publice,  adv.  [publicus],  on  ac- 
count of  the  people,  47.  18  ;  at 
the  public  expense,  71.  5. 

publicd,  1  [publicus],  open  to  the 
public,  63.  14  ;  take  for  public 
use,  confiscate,  68.  19. 

publicus,  a,  um,  adj.  [populus], 
of  the  people;  public,  general, 
common,  3g.  20  ;  67.  12  ;  nun- 
tius,  state  messenger,  41.  15; 
res  publica,  state,  republic,  60. 
7>  I5>  63*  2,  etc-5  m  publico, 
in  a  public  place,  68.  22  ;  in 
publicum,  in  public,  67.  19. 


puella,  ae,  f.,  dim.  [puer],  female 
child;  girl,  maiden,  18.  9; 
39-  21. 

puer,  eri,  m.,  male  child ;  boy, 
lad,  2.  7,  10,  14,  etc.;  a  puero, 
from  boyhood,  3.  1. 

puerulus,  1,  m.,  dim.  [puer], 
little  boy,  56.  3. 

pugio,  onis,  M.,  short  dagger, 
dirk,  poniard,  64.  16. 

pugna,  ae,  f.,  hand  to  hand  fight; 
battle ;  combat,  35.  23  ;  50.  21. 

pugno,  1  [pugna],  fight,  do  battle, 
contend,  5.  5;  10.  12;  35.  28, 
etc. 

pulcher,  chra,  chrum,  adj.,  beau- 
tiful, fair,  handsome,  29.  12. 

pulchritudo,  inis,  f.  [pulcher], 
beauty,  54.  9. 

pulso,  1,  freq.  [pello],  keep  strik- 
ing;  knock  at,  28.  8  ;  30.  2. 

piinid,  4  [poena,  punishment], 
correct ;  punish,  chastise,  51.  1  ; 
55.  12. 

pusillus,  a,  um,  adj.,  dim.  [pusus, 
boy],  very  little,  small,  insignifi- 
cant, 55.  3. 

puto,  1  [putus,  pure],  clean; 
clear  up ;  think,  consider,  be- 
lieve, 10.  8  ;  15.  9  ;  71.  20. 


qua,   adv.    [abl.    f.    of   qui],   on 

which    side;     by   which    way, 

where,  26.  22. 
quadraginta,  num.  adj.,  indecl. 

[quattuor],  forty,   38.    4;   45. 

19;  58.  21,  etc. 
quadrigae,  arum,  f.    [quattuor, 

for  quadriugae],  team  of  four, 

four  horses,  40.  19. 


quaero,  3,  sivi,  situs,  seek  ;  hunt 
for,  search  for,  ,5.  16,  18,  24, 
etc. ;  ask,  inquire,  2.  12  ;  6.  3  ; 
21.  3,  etc. 

quaesti5,  onis,  f.,  a  questioning ; 
investigation,  inquiry,  examina- 
tion, 68.  3. 

quaestor,  oris,  m.  [for  quaesitor], 
quastor,      a      Roman      officer 


*** 


&*& 


VOCABUL. 


181 


(originally  a  deputy  of  the  con- 
sul to  investigate  and  try  capi- 
tal crimes)  who  had  charge  of 
the  public  money,  59.  II. 

qualis,  e,  pron.,  interrog.,  how 
constituted  ?  of  what  sort,  what, 
18.  20;  52.  5. 

quam,  adv.  [qui],  in  what  man- 
ner ;  how,  27.  12  ;  52.  20,  21  ; 
after  comps.,  than,  4.  4;  24. 
12 ;  34.  21  ;  w.  superls.,  as  .  .  . 
as  possible,  2.  17  ;  10.  22  ;  11. 
4,  etc. 

quamquam,  conj.,  though,  al- 
though, notwithstanding  that, 
58.  7  ;  62.  7  ;  70.  22. 

quamvis,  conj.,  as  you  will ;  al- 
though, albeit,  61.  17. 

quantum,  adv.  [quantus],  as 
much  as  ;  how  far,  to  what  ex- 
tent, how,  15.  4;  61.  22. 

quantus,  a,  um,  pronom.  adj., 
correl.  w.  tantus,  of  what  size  ; 
how  great,  6.  18,  21;  48.  5,  etc.; 
as  noun,  N.,  how  much,  50.  5. 

qua  re,  or  quare,  adv.,  by  which 
thing;  wherefore,  therefore, 
whereby,  then,  39.   25;  41.  22  ; 

44.  8,  etc. 

quartanus,  a,  um,  adj.  [quartus], 
of  the  fourth  ;  as  noun,  F.  (sc. 
febris,  fever),  an  ague  occurring 
every  fourth  day,  quartan  ague, 
58.  7- 

quartus,  a,  um,  adj.  [quattuor], 
fourth,  54.  20  ;  63.  5. 

quasi,  adv.,  as  if  just  as  if,  16. 
7  ;  18.  11 ;  19.  8,  etc. 

quattuor,  num.  adj.,  indec\.,  four, 

45.  19;  54.  16;  62.  19. 

-que,  conj.,  enclitic,  and,  4.  II; 
6.  20  ;    10.  6,  etc. 


qui,  quae,  quod,  interrog.  adj., 
which  ?  what?  2.  1253.  1,  etc. 

qui,  quae,  quod,  rel.  pron.,  who, 
which,  what,  2.  1,  17  ;  3.  5,  etc. 

quia,  conj.,  because,  since,  39.  1  ; 
68.  4. 

quicumque,  quaecumque,  quod- 
cumque,  rel.  pron.  [qui],  who- 
ever, whosoever,  whichsoever,  34. 

19;  39-  23;  75-  19- 
quidam,  quaedum,  quoddam  and 

(as  substantive)  quiddam,  indef. 

pron.,  certain,  some,  2.  6,   16; 

3.  1,  etc. 
quidem,  adv.,   certainly,   indeed, 

to  be  sure,  however,  20.  8  ;   28. 

1  >  37*  3°>  etc. ;  ne  .  .  .  quidem, 

enclosing  an  emphatic  word,  not 

.  .  .  even,  4.  2  ;  21.  10,  22,  etc. 
quies,  etis,  F.,  a  lying  still ;  rest, 

freedom,  10.  2;   26.  15  ;  40.  27. 
quiesco,  3,  evi,  etus  [quies],  rest, 

sleep,    74.    14;   be   inactive,   do 

nothing,  remain  quiet,  68.  4. 
quin,    conj.    [qui,  ne],  by  which 

not ;  but  that,  from,  6.  14,  19  ; 

10.  18,  etc. 
quindecim,    num.   adj.,    indecl., 

fifteen,  47.  18. 
quinquageni,    ae,  a,  num.    adj. 

[quinquaginta],      fifty     each ; 

fifty  each  year,  73.  15. 
quinquaginta,  num.  adj.,  indecl., 

ftMA-  «3i  59-  3- 
quinque,  num.  adj.,  indecl.,  five, 

63-  4  ;  70.  3- 
quinquiens,  adv.  [quinque],  five 

times,  62.  28. 
quintus,  a,  um,  adj.    [quinque], 

fifth,  62.  18. 
Quirinalis,  e,  adj.,  ^or  belonging 

to  Quirinus,  Quirinal,  36.  21. 


182 


VOCABULARY. 


Quirinus,  I,  m.,  a  name  of  Romu- 
lus, 36.  22. 

quis,  quae,  quid,  interrog.  pron., 
who?  which?  what?  2.  18; 
3.  14  55.  15,  etc.;  as  indef. 
pron.  w.  si  or  ne,  anybody ',  any- 
thing, 2.  20;  7.  12,  13,  etc.; 
w.  nescio,  /  know  not  what, 
i.e.,  some,  2.  14  ;  3.  3. 

quisnam,  quaenam,  quidnam, 
interrog.  adj.,  who  then?  what 
pray?   46.  4. 

quisquam,  — ,  quicquam,  indef. 
pron.,  as  noun,  m.,  any  one 
whatever,  anybody  no  matter 
who,  67.  20  ;  N.,  any 'thing  what- 
ever, 30.  13  ;  50.  18. 

quisque,  quaeque,  quidque,  and 
quodque,  whoever  it  be;  each, 
every,  10.  11  ;  24.  9;  38.  11, 
etc. 

quo,  to  the  place  to  which,  whither, 
12.  9;    13.  3;    19.  7  5    29-   I4» 


etc.;    at  which,  68.  6;    as  rel. 
adv.  =  ut  ed,  in  order  that,  etc., 

40.  23. 

quod,  conj.   [qui],  because,  since, 

6.  6  ;  8.  7  ;  10.  26,  etc. 
quo  modo,  adv.,  in  what  manner 

ox  way?  how?  14.  22;  51.  10. 
quondam,  adv.,  at  some  time ;  at 

one  time,  once,  formerly,  37.  3  ; 

46.  28;  56.  19.     Cf.  olim. 
quoniam,  adv.,  since  now  ;  since 

then,  since,  seeing  that,  72.  23. 
quoque,  conj.,  after  an  emphatic 

word,  also,  too,  35.  3  ;  37.  22 ; 

41.  1,  etc. 

qudrsum,  adv.   [quo  versus],  to 

what  place,  whither,  61.  6. 
quotiens,  adv.  [quot,  how  many], 

how  often  ;  as  often  as,  as  many 

times  as,  6.  11. 
quotienscumque,  adv.  [quotiens], 

how  often  soever ;  as   often  as, 

67.  18. 


ramus,  i,  m.,  growing  thing; 
branch,  bough,  11.  17. 

rana,  ae,  Y.,frog,  55.  6,  8. 

rapina,  ae,  F.,  a  robbing ;  robbery, 
plundering,  pillage,  33.  17. 

rapio,  3,  pui,  ptus,  seize  and  carry 
off  by  force,  drag  away,  snatch, 
snatch  up,  5.  4;    35.  9,  11,  etc. 

ratio,  onis,  F.,  a  reckoning ;  man- 
ner, way,  plan,  7.  9;  21.  18. 

ratus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  reor], 
reckoned ;  fixed,  settled,  sure, 
certain,  74.  2. 

rebell5,  1,  wage  war  again;  re- 
volt, rebel,  62.  17. 


recedo,  3,  cessi,  cessus,  go  back  ; 
w.  abl.,  give  up,  renounce,  72. 

4- 
recidd,  3,   cidi,   casurus    [cado], 

fall  back ;  fall  again,  71.   15; 

be  handed  over,  revert,  36.  8. 
recipio,  3,  cepi,  ceptus  [capi5], 

take    again;     regain,    recover, 

get  back,  3.   4;    26.   1;    31.   7, 

etc. ;  take  in,  admit,  receive,  36. 

6;  53.  8  ;  w.  se,  betake  oneself, 

withdraw,  go,  12.  19. 
recondo,    3,    didi,  ditus,  put  up 

again ;    conceal,    hide,    shelter, 

52.  2. 


VOCABULARY. 


183 


recreo,    I,    make   again;    revive, 

refresh,  restore,  52.  3. 
recte,  adv.  [rectus],  in  a  straight 

line  ;  well,  properly,  excellently, 

44.  14. 
rectus,  a,  um,  adj.    [p.  of  rego], 

kept  straight ;  in  a  straight  line, 

straight,  direct,  7.   18  ;  21.  1  ; 

49-  15- 

recumbo,  3,  cubui,  — ,  lie  down 
again ;  lie  down,  sink  down, 
23.  9;  26.  15. 

recupero,  1 ,  take  again  ;  regain, 
recover,  be  restored  to,  25.  24. 

recusd,  1  [causa],  make  an  objec- 
tion against;  decline,  refuse, 
reject,  67.  18. 

redactus.     See  redigo. 

reddo,  3,  didi,  ditus,  give  back ; 
bring  again,  return,  restore,  31. 
5  ;  cause  to  appear,  make,  ren- 
der, 48.  4  ;  52.  6. 

reded,  ire,  ii,  itus,  go  again ;  go 
back,  return,  2.  9  ;  5.  26;  7. 
7,  etc.  ;  turn,  turn  back,  39.  5. 

redigo,  3,  egi,  actus  [ago],  drive 
back ;  reduce,  compel,  force, 
bring,  45.  22  ;  59.  8  ;  60.  23. 

rediissem.     See  redeo. 

redimo,  3,  eml,  emptus  [emo], 
take  back;  beg  off,  release,  ran- 
som, rescue,  59.  2. 

redintegrd,  1,  make  whole  again; 
renew,  begin  afresh,  take  up 
again,  36.  2. 

reditus,  us,  M.,  a  going  back  ;  re- 
turning, return,  IX.  24;  22. 
20;  25.  2,  etc. 

reduco,  3,  xl,  ductus,  lead  back ; 
bring  back,  restore,  return,  15. 
6;  30.  19. 

refero,  ferre,  rettuli,  latus.  bring 


back;  bear  back,  carry,  18.  20; 
27.  1  ;  74.  23  ;  return,  repay, 
give ;  w.  gratiam,  make  return, 
requite,  show  gratitude,  7.  9; 
12.  12;  23.  8,  etc. ;  regain,  re- 
cover, get  again,  14.  4  ;  44.  7  ; 
w.  pedem,  retrace  one's  steps,  go 
back,  withdraw,  retreat,  n.  22. 
reficio,  3,  feci,  fectus  [facio], 
make  again  ;  restore,  renew,  re- 
pair, regain,  recover,  15.  1  ;  31. 

23- 
reflud,  3,  — ,  — ,  flow  back  ;  flow 

off,  overflow. 
refove5,  2,  fovl,  — ,  warm  again; 

restore,  revive,  62.  26. 
refugid,    3,   fugi,  — ,  flee  back  ; 

turn  back,  flee  for  refuge,  20. 

18;  45.  12;  55.8. 
ref ulgeo,    2,  si,  — ,  flash   back  ; 

shine,  gleam,  glisten,  12.  7. 
regia,  ae,  f.  [regius,  sc.  domus], 

royal  abode,  palace,  3.  5  ;  6.  20 ; 

10.  20,  etc. 
regid,    onis,    F.,    directing ;  part, 

district,  region,  land,  4.  7,  20; 

6.  4;  16.   16,  etc. 
regius,  a,  um,  adj.   [rex],  of  the 

king  ;  royal,  of  the  king,  king's, 

33-  13;  37-  9  5  46.  I5>  etc. 
regno,  1   [regnum],  have  power; 

be  king,  rule,  reign,  govern,  14. 

*7i  33-  35  38.  4,  etc. 
regnum,  1,  N.,  power,  government, 

kingdom,   throne,   2.    2,    3,   15, 

etc. 
rego,  3,  rexi,  rectus,  rule,  govern, 

34-  13- 

regredior,  3,  gressus  [gradior], 
go  back  ;  turn  back,  return,  28. 
21;  61.  23;  62.  26.  Cf.  rede5, 
2.  9. 


184 


VOCABULARY. 


relabor,  3,  lapsus,  slide  back; 
flow  back,  recede,  fall,  33.  8. 

relaxo,  1,  stretch  out ;  relax. 

religio,  onis,  F.,  that  which  binds; 
sense  of  right,  devoutness,  piety, 
36.  24;  41.  8;  religious  obser- 
vance, 36.  25  ;  67.  25. 

religO,  I,  bind  back  ;  fasten,  bind 
fast,  40.  19. 

relinquo,  3,  HquI,  Hctus,  leave  be- 
hind, abandon,  leave,  3.  n  ;  11. 
9,  24,  etc.  ;  bequeath,  33.  2. 

reliquiae,  arum,  f.,  what  is  left ; 
remainder,   remnant,   rest,  62. 

25- 

reliquus,  a,  um,  adj.,  left;  as 
noun,  m.  pi.,  the  rest,  those  re- 
maining, 10.  14;  18.  8;  19.  5, 
etc. 

remaned,  2,  mansl,  — ,  stay  be- 
hind, remain. 

remedium,  1,  N.,  that  which  re- 
stores health ;  cure,  antidote, 
remedy,  6.  23. 

remigo,  1,  — ,  —  [remex,  oars- 
man],  ply  the  oar,  row,  13. 
16. 

reminiscor,  3,  — ,  recall  to  mind, 
recollect,  remember,  70.  28. 

remitto,  3,  mlsl,  missus,  let  go 
back  ;  allow  oneself  rest,  relax, 
66.  13. 

removeo,  2,  movi,  motus,  move 
back;  pass.,  withdraw,  pass, 
disappear,  13.  17  ;  25.  13. 

Remus,  1,  m.,  twin  brother  of 
Romulus,  33.  5. 

remus,  I,  m.,  oar,  7.  23;  11.  7; 
12.  23,  etc. 

renuntio,  1,  bring  back  word ; 
report,  declare,  announce,  2.  9; 
74-   5- 


renuo,  3,  ui,  — ,  nod  back  ;  shake 
the  head,  refuse,  reject,  decline, 
64.  11. 

reor,  2,  ratus,  reckon  ;  think,  be- 
lieve, judge,  39.  2  ;  61.  20  ;  68. 
16. 

repelld,  3,  reppuli,  pulsus,  drive 
back ;  reject,  refuse,  63.  26 ; 
drive  away,  cast  down,  deprive, 
22.  11. 

repente,  adv.  [repens,  sudden], 
suddenly,  unexpectedly,  on  a 
sudden,  34.  7. 

repentinus,  a,  um,  adj.  [repens, 
sudden],  sudden,  unlooked  for, 
unexpected,  67.  13. 

reperio,  4,  repperi,  repertus,  find 
again;  find,  discover,  devise, 
6.  23;  9.  10  ;  19.  8,  etc. 

repertor,  oris,  m.  [reperi5],  dis- 
coverer, inventor,  20.  15. 

repeto,  3,  ivi,  Itus,  seek  again; 
demand  again,  45.  10  ;  w.  res, 
demand  restitution,  require 
satisfaction,  41.  11,  14,  21. 

repetundae,  arum,  f.  [p.  of  re- 
peto], sc.  pecuniae,  money  to  be 
recovered  by  suit,  hence,  extor- 
tion, 63.  6. 

reple5,  2,  evi,  etus,  fill  again  ; 
fill  up,  fill  to  the  brim,  23.  I,  4; 
30.  6,  etc. 

repono,  3,  posul,  positus,  put 
again  ;  put  away,  replace,  re- 
store, 42.  13;  put  away,  store, 
keep,  22.  18. 

reporto,  1,  bring  or  carry  back, 
19.  17. 

repudio,  1  [repudium,  putting 
away],  cast  off,  separate  from, 
put  away,  15.  24;  58.  4;  re- 
ject, scorn,  53.  3. 


VOCABULARY. 


185 


repugno,  i,  fight  back;  object  to, 
oppose,  refuse,  60.  9  ;  72.  24. 

reputd,  1,  count  over;  reflect, 
think  over,  ponder  on,  meditate, 
61.  22  ;  68.  14. 

requiro,  3,  sivi,  situs  [quaero], 
seek  again  ;  look  after,  search 
for,  54-  3- 

res,  rei,  f.,  that  thought  or  spoken 
of;  thing,  fact,  occurrence, 
event,  matter,  3.  12,  1 5,  23,  etc.; 
circumstances,  condition,  life, 
6.  22;  70.  16;  res  militaris, 
art  of  war,  9.  6  ;  36.  19;  as 
adv.,  re  vera,  in  very  truth,  in 
reality,  really,  2.  11;  15.  14; 
55.  17  ;  undertaking,  19.  12; 
res  gesta,  </n</,  achievement, 
74.  3;  res  publica,  republic, 
state,  60.  7,  15;  63.  2.  See 
also  restituS,  gero. 

resacro,  1,  — , — ,  reconsecrate, 
release  from  a  curse,  71.  6. 

resistd,  3,  stiti,  — ,  stand  back ; 
make  opposition,  resist,  oppose, 
19.  10  ;  24.  2  ;  66.  9. 

resond,  1 ,  avi,  — ,  sound  again  ; 
resound,  reecho. 

respiciS,  3,  exi,  ectus,  look  again; 
look  back,  look  behind,  39.  4; 
look  at  or  upon,  regard,  63.  22. 

responded,  2,  di,  sponsus,  answer, 
reply,  make  answer,  2.  19  ;  14. 
6,  11,  etc.  ;  correspond  to,  be 
equal  to,  equal,  54.  10. 

responsum,  1,  n.  [p.  of  respon- 
ded], that  which  is  answered ; 
response,  reply,  21.  7  ;  oracle, 
44.  25. 

respiiblica.     See  res  publica. 

restituo,  3,  ui,  utus  [statuo],  set 
up     again ;     reestablish,    rein- 


state, restore,  replace,  revive, 
22.  12;  34.  9  ;  56.  10,  etc. 

rest5,  1,  stiti,  —  ,  stand  again; 
stand  one's  ground,  stand  firm, 
not  yield,  36.  1. 

retineo,  2,  ui,  tentus  [tene5], 
hold  back;  restrain,  keep,  pre- 
vent, 28.  7. 

rettuli.     See  refer5. 

reus,  a,  um,  adj.  [res],  concerned 
in  a  thing ;  at  fault,  guilty,  to 
blame,  72.  23  ;  w.  faci5,  prose- 
cute, arraign,  accuse,  68.  9. 

re  vera  or  re  vera.     See  res. 

revertor,  3,  sus,  pf.  usually  re- 
verti,  turn  back;  come  back, 
return,   13.    20;    33.    12;    71. 

25- 

rex,  regis,  M.,  ruler,  king,  2.  9 ; 
3.  8  ;  4.  20,  etc. 

Rhea,  ae,  f.,  Rhea  Silvia,  mother 
of  Romulus  and  Remus,  33.  4. 

Rhenus,  i,  m.,  River  Rhine,  60. 
24. 

Rhodos,  i,  F.,  an  island  off  the 
southwest  coast  of  Asia  Minor, 
58.  18. 

rictus,  us,  M.,  aperture  of  the 
mouth;  mouth,  gaping  jaws, 
56.  7- 

rideo,  2,  si,  sus,  laugh,  47.  8. 

rig5,  1,  guide;  flow  through, 
water,  37.  26. 

ripa,  ae,  f.,  bank,  shore,  33.  7. 

rite,  adv.  [ritus],  according  to  re- 
ligious usage  ;  solemnly,  with 
proper  ceremonies,  according  to 
their  custom,  37.  16. 

ritus,  us,  M.,form  of  religious  ob- 
servance ;  rite,  41.  19. 

rixa,  ae,  F.,  a  tearing  apart ;  dis- 
pute, quarrel,  brawl,  43.  13. 


186 


VOCABULARY. 


robur,  oris,  N.,  hard  wood,  oak,  4. 

5;  strength,  power,  54.  18. 
rogo,  1,  ask,  request,  beg,  14.  12; 

47.  10  ;  53.  1,  etc.     Cf.  peto, 

12.  44. 
Roma,  ae,  f.,  Rome,  34.  15. 
Romanus,  a,  um,  adj.  [R5ma],  of 

Rome,  Roman,  35.  9  ;  as  noun, 

M.,  35.  11. 
Romulus,    1,    m.     [Roma],    the 

founder  and  first  king  of  Rome, 

33-  5- 
rSstrum,  1,  N.  [rodo,  gnaw],  beak, 

bill,    54.    11  ;  pi.,   Rostra,   the 

platform   for  speakers   in  the 

Roman  Forum,  63.  25. 
Rubied,  onis,  m.,  Rubicon,  a  small 

stream  which  formed  the  bound- 


ary between  Italy  and  Cisalpine 
Gaul,  61.  20. 

ruina,  ae,  f.,  a  rushing  down  ;  de- 
struction, downfall,  ruin ;  pi., 
ruins,  40.  22. 

ru5,  3,  ul,  utus  and  uitus,  fall 
with  violence ;  rush  forth,  26. 
22  ;  29.  14. 

rupes,  is,  F.,  breaking  thing  ;  cliff, 
crag,  7.  11,  19,  20,  etc. 

rursus,adv.  [revorsus=reversus], 
turned  back ;  back  again,  once 
more,  again,  4.  22  ;  7.  21  ;  12. 
14;  42.  12,  etc. 

rusticus,  a,  um,  adj.  [rus,  coun- 
try], of  the  country,  as  noun, 
M.,  countryman,  rustic,  peasant, 
55-  i>  15;  56.  I- 


Sabini,    orum,    m.,    Sabines,    a 

people  of  central  Italy,  35.  7. 
saccus,  1,  m.,  bag,  sack,   26.  4,  9, 

16,  etc. 
sacer,  era,  crum,  adj.,  dedicated ; 

sacred ;  as  noun,  N.  pi.,  sacred 

rites,   36.    26;    37.    6;    41.    3, 

etc. 
sacerdos,  otis,  m.  and  f.    [sacer], 

one   given    to    sacred    things; 

priest,  37.  2,    14  ;  44.   28,  etc.  ; 

priestess,  33.  4. 
sacrarium,  i,  n.  [sacrum],  deposi- 
tory  of  holy    things ;     shrine, 

47.  16. 
sacrificium,     1,     n.     [sacrificus, 

sacrificial],    sacrifice,    offering, 

2.  22  ;  40.  6. 
sacrifico,    1,    make  a    sacrifice; 

offer  sacrifice,  sacrifice. 
sacrilegium,    I,    n.     [sacrilegus, 


stealing  sacred  things],  violation 

of  sacred  things,  profanation, 

71.  4. 
saepe,    adv.,     often,    frequently, 

oftentimes,  19.  11;  37.  26 ;  48. 

4,  etc. 
saepius,   adv.,   comp.   of   saepe, 

more   often,  65.    2 ;  again   and 

again,  repeatedly,  33.  12. 
saevitia,  ae,  f.  [saevus],  cruelty, 

harshness,  severity,  45.  24. 
saevus,    a,    um,    adj.,     raging; 

fierce,  furious,  savage,  62.  8. 
sagacitas,  atis,  f.  [sagax,  of  quick 

perception],  keenness ;   shrewd- 
ness, acuteness,  69.  13. 
Salii,  orum,   m.,   Roman  priests, 

dedicated    to    the    service    of 

Mars,  37.  14. 
Salmydessus,   I,  f.,  a  town  of 

Thrace,  6.  2. 


VOCABULARY. 


187 


salto,  i,  freq.  [salio,  leap],  leap 
about ;  dance,  37.  16. 

(saltus,  us),  m.,  only  ace.  and  abl., 
a  leaping ;  leap,  bound,  34.  17. 

saltus,  us,  M.,  forest  pastures  ; 
woodland  pastures,  woodland, 
glade,  33.  16. 

salubris,  e,  adj.  [salus],  health- 
giving;  healthy,  sound,  well, 
comp.,  40.  28. 

(salum,  1),  n.,  only  ace.  and  abl. 
sing.,  open  sea,  deep,  56.  15. 

salus,  utis,  F.  [salvus],  sound- 
ness;  health,  welfare,  safety, 
7.  22  ;  10.  20  ;  12.  3,  etc. 

saluto,  1  [salus],  wish  health ; 
greet,  hail,  salute,  45.  14. 

salvus,  a,  um,  adj.,  in  good 
health  ;  safe,  sound,  unharmed. 

Samos,  1,  f.,  an  island  near  Ephe- 
sus,  69.  19. 

sarcina,  ae,  f.,  package,  bundle, 
load,  pack,  53.  1,  5,  9. 

satis,  adv.,  enough,  sufficiently, 
fully,  5.  10;  12.  16;  14.  17, 
etc. 

satrapes,  is,  m.,  governor  of  a 
Persian  province,  viceroy,  sat- 
rap, 74.  8. 

saxum,  1,  N.,  large,  rough  stone  ; 
stone,  broken  rock,  10.  8,  II; 
20.  21,  etc. 

sceleratus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of 
scelero,  pollute'],  polluted ;  ac- 
cursed, impious,  wicked,  45.  18. 

sceleste,  adv.  [scelestus,  wicked], 
wickedly,  impiously,  in  an  in- 
famous manner,  45.  20. 

scelus,  eris,  n.,  wicked  deed,  crime, 
wickedness,  15.  18. 

scientia,  ae,  f.  [sciens,  p.  of  scio], 
knowing ;    knowledge,     experi- 


ence, skill,  3.  22;%.  22  ;  11.  16. 
etc. 

scio,  4,  know,  understand,  per- 
ceive, 6.  17;  7.  26  ;  8.  8,  etc. 

Scipio,  onis,  M.,  a  Roman  noble, 
friendly  to  Pompey,  62.  24. 

sciscitor,  1,  freq.  [sciscor,  inch, 
of  scio],  inform  oneself ;  seek  to 
know,  ask,  enquire,  46.  4. 

scissus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  scindo], 
cut ;  rent,  cleft,  parted,  opened, 

37.  II- 
scitum,  1,  N.  [p.  of  scisco,  decree], 

ordinance,     decree,     resolution, 

vote,  69.  25. 
scribo,     3,    psi,    ptus,    scratch; 

write,    17.    3;  60.    18;  75.   6; 

inscribe,  carve,  71.  8. 
scutum,    1,    N.,   covering ;  shield, 

buckler,  35.  19  ;  37.  11,  13,  etc. 
secedo,    3,    cessT,   cessus,  go  by 

oneself ;    go    apart    or    away, 

draw  off,  wander,  stray,  5.  19  ; 

58.  18. 
seed,  1,  ui,  ctus,  cut ;  cut  in  two, 

cut  through,  divide,  43.  5,  6. 
secretus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  secer- 

no,  put  asunder],   mysterious, 

secret,  37.  14. 
secundus,  a,  um,  adj.  [sequor], 

following ;  second,  54.  18  ;  59. 

1 5  ;  successful,  favorable,  pro- 
pitious, fair,    26.    12  ;  71.  22  ; 

72.  21  ;  w.  res, prosperity,  70. 16. 
securis,  is,   f.,  that  which  cuts ; 

axe,  hatchet,  43.  18. 
secus,  adv.,  otherwise ;   w.  neg., 

not  otherwise ;  w.   ac,  just  the 

same  as,  equally  with,  44.  2. 
sed,  conj.,  but,  however,  2.  4;  11. 

14;  12.  19,  etc. 
sedeo,  2,  sedl,  sessum,  sit ;  take 


188 


VOCABULARY. 


place,  sit,  g.  18  ;  24.  9  ;  28.  20, 
etc.;  remain  seated,  63.  21. 

sedes,  is,  f.,  a  sitting ;  seat,  place, 
spot,  dwelling,  20.  6;  40.  24. 

seditio,  onis,  F.,  a  going  apart; 
discord,  quarrel,  strife,  dis- 
agreement, 36.  17,  19;  60.  II. 

segniter,  adv.  [segnis,  slow], 
slowly ;   lazily,  without  spirit, 

44-  5- 

sella,  ae,  f.,  seat ;  chair,  throne, 
official  seat,  37.  3  ;  63.  24. 

semper,  adv.,  ever,  always,  con- 
tinually, 19.  1;  49.  14;  59.  17. 

senator,  oris,  m.,  member  of  the 
senate ;  councillor,  senator, 
36.  9. 

senatorius,  a,  um,  adj.  [senator], 
of  a  senator,  senatorial,  63.  7. 

senatus,  us,  m.,  council  of  the 
elders,  senate,  45.  10;  60.  9;  61. 
18,  etc. 

senectiis,  utis,  f.  [senex],  old  age, 
extreme  age,  36.  10. 

senesco,  3,  senui,  — ,  inch,  [seneo, 
be  old],  grow  old ;  lose  strength, 
grow  weak,  decline,  6g.  18. 

senex,  senis,  adj.,  old ;  52.  15;  as 
noun,  M.,  old  man,  aged  man, 
14.  20;  39.  28;  53.  18,  etc. 

senior,  ius,  adj.,  comp.  of  senex, 
old ;  elder,  36.  8. 

sensus,  us,  m.,  a  perceiving ;  feel- 
ing, way  of  thinking,  opinion, 
view,  69.  22. 

sententia,  ae,  f.,  way  of  thinking, 
mind,  8.  9;  intention,  purpose, 
desire,  wish,  2.  6;  71.  14. 

sentio,  4,  sensi,  sensus,  perceive 
by  the  senses  ;  feel,  16.  12  ;  see, 
perceive,  realize,  notice,  5.  7,  23; 
7.  5,  etc. 


separatim,  adv.  [separatus,  sep- 
arated], apart,  separately,  60. 1. 

sepelio,  4,  Ivi,  (ii)  pultus,  bury, 
inter,  38.  2. 

septem,  num.  adj.,  indecl.,  seven, 

38-3- 
Septimus,  a,  um,  adj.  [septem], 

seventh,  19.  3  ;  25.  25. 
sepultura,  ae,  f.  [sepeliS],  burial, 

13-  21. 
sepultus.     See  sepelio. 
sequor,  3,  ciitus,  come  after  ;  fol- 
low, give  chase,  pursue,  5.  26; 

13.  2  ;  29.  7,  etc. 
serio,   adv.   [serius],   in   earnest, 

seriously,  59.   14. 
serius,  a,  um,  adj.  [for  severius], 

grave,  earnest,  serious,  47.  11. 
sermo,  onis,  m.,  continued  speech  ; 

conversation,  talk,  discourse,  29. 

25. 
sero,  3,  sevl,  satus,  plant,  sow,  8. 

sero,  adv.  [serus],  late,  too  late, 

53.  7  ;  55.  13- 

serus,  a,  um,  adj.,  late,  too  late, 

56.  11. 
serva,    ae,    f.    [servus],  female 

slave  ;  maidservant,  maid. 
servilis,    e,   adj.    [servus],   of  a 

slave  ;  slavish,  servile,  34.  3. 
servio,  4  [servus],  be  a  servant ; 

serve,  be  subject  to,  be  enslaved 

to,  66.  12  ;  73.  17. 
servo,  1,  make  safe;  watch, guard, 

keep,  preserve,  save. 
Servius,  I,   m.,  Servius   Tullius, 

the  sixth  king  of  Rome,  43.  21. 
servus,    i,    m.    [servus,  serving], 

slavish  person;    serving  man, 

servant,  slave,  20.  16  ;  28.   14  ; 

59-  i- 


VOCABULARY. 


189 


sestertius,  a,  um,  num.  adj.  [for 

semis-tertius],  two  and  a  half ; 

as   noum,    m.    [sc.    nummus], 

sesterce,   a   coin   worth    nearly 

five  cents,  60.  3. 
seu.     See  sive. 
Seuthes,  is,  m.,  a  king  of  Thrace, 

72.  15. 
severe,    adv.    [severus,    serious], 

rigidly,  austerely,  strictly,   su- 

perl.,  63.  6. 
sex,  num.  adj.,  indecl.,  six,  34. 

14  ;  47.  6. 
sexaginta,    num.    adj.,    indecl., 

sixty,  63.  3,  27. 
sextus,  a,  um,  adj.  [sex],  sixth  ; 

sextus    et   decimus,   sixteenth, 

58.2. 
Sextus,  1,  M.,  Sextus  Tarquinius, 

son   of   Tarquinius    Superbus, 

45-  22. 
si,  conj.,  if,  in  case,  2.  20 ;  6.  23  ; 

7.  13,  etc.;  to  see  if,  51.  4. 
Sibyllinus,  a,  um,  adj.  [Sibylla, 

prophetess],  of  a  Sibyl,   Sibyl- 
line, 47.  17. 
sic,  adv.,  in  this  way ;  so,  thus, 

34-  18  ;  35.  20  ;  39.  23,  etc. 
sicco,  1  [siccus],  make  dry ;  dry 

up,  drain,  63.  14. 
siccus,  a,  um,  adj.,  dry;  as  noun, 

N.,  dry  land,  dry  place,  33.  8. 
Sicilia,  ae,  f.,  Sicily,  20.  14. 
sicut  or  sicuti,  so  as  ;  just  as,  as, 

30.  13;  7i.  18. 
signified,  1  [slgnum,  facio],  make 

signs;    indicate,    show,    mean, 

signify,  37.   21. 
signo,    1    [slgnum],  set  a   mark 

upon  ;  mark,  seal,  affix  a  seal, 

sign,  60.  17. 
slgnum,  1,  N.,  mark,  sign,  signal, 


31.  1;  35.  8  ;  38.  16  ;  standard, 

44.  5»  7- 

silens,  entis,  adj.  [p.  of  sileo,  be 
still],  still ;  in  silence,  speech- 
less, quiet,  37.  9. 

silentium,  1,  N.  [silens],  a  being 
still ;  silence,  stillness,  46.  9. 

silva,  ae,  f.,  forest,  wood,  11.  10, 
11 ;  12.  7,  etc. 

Silvia,  ae,  f.     See  Rhea,  33.  4. 

similis,  e,  ad].,  of  a  corresponding 
nature  ;  like,  resembling,  41.  8; 
superl.  simillimus,  34.  5. 

similitudo,  inis,  f.  [similis],  like- 
ness; similarity,  likeness,  45.  8. 

simul,  adv.,  at  the  same  titne,  39. 
21;  41.  2  ;  56.  5,  etc.;  w.  atque 
or  ac,  as  soon  as,  6.  16,  25 ;  20. 
17,  etc.;  alone,  as  if  with  atque, 
as  soon  as,  57.  5  ;  w.  cum,  in 
connection  with,  58.  16;  69.  26; 
70.  5 ;  simul  .  .  .  simul,  at  the 
same  time  .  . .  and,  no  sooner 
.  .  .  than,  56.  13,  14. 

simulo,  1  [similis],  make  like; 
pretend,  feign,  represent,  37.  23; 

43-  13- 
sine,  prep.  w.  abl.,  without,  unat- 
tended by,  7.  26;  8. 8;  12.  14,  etc. 
singull,  ae,  a,  adj.,  one  at  a  time, 

separately,  39.  2  ;  50.  3  ;  52.  19  ; 

one   on   each   side,  39.  9  ;   per 

singulas  noctis,  each  successive 

night,  58.  8. 
sinister,  tra,  trum,  adj.,  left,  on 

the  left ;  as  noun,  F.  (sc.  ma- 

nus),  left  hand,  35.  17. 
sinus,  its,  m.,  curve,  fold  ;  fold  of 

the  toga  about  the  breast,  bosom, 

52-  2. 
situs,  a  um,  adj.  [p.  of  sin5,  set], 

placed ;  situated,  70.  7. 


190 


VOCABULARY. 


sive  or  seu,  conj.,  or  if;  sive  .  .  . 
sive,  or  seu  .  .  .  seu,  whether  .  .  . 
or,  16.  23  ;  36.  1  ;  45.  7,  8,  etc. 

sobrius,  a,  um,  adj.  [se,  without, 
ebrius,  full],  not  drunk,  sober, 
64.  28. 

socer,  eri,  m.,  father-in-law,  61. 
11  ;  66.  19. 

societas,  atis,  f.  [socius],  fellow- 
ship ;  league,  alliance,  34.  25 ; 
54.  15;  60.  s,  etc. 

socio,  1  [socius],  join  together; 
hold  in  common,  share,  36.  6. 

socius,  1,  M.,  one  who  shares; 
companion,  fellow,  associate, 
friend,  4.  14;  6.  20;  9.  9,  etc. 

Socrates,  is,  m.,  a  celebrated 
Athenian  philosopher,  66.  19. 

sol,  solis,  M.,  sun,  4.  22  ;  12.  2  ; 
28.  20,  etc. 

SOled,  2,  solitus  sum,  sit  down  to 
a  thing ;  use,  be  wont,  be  accus- 
tomed, 34.  1  ;  50.  15,  21,  etc. 

solitudo,  inis,  f.  [s5lus],  being 
alone  ;  lonely  place,  desert,  wil- 
derness, 33.  9. 

sollicitus,  a,  um,  adj.,  thoroughly 
moved ;  troubled,  afflicted,  dis- 
turbed, restless,  28.  21. 

solum,  1,  N.,  lowest  part ;  ground, 
land,  56.  16. 

solum,  adv.  [solus],  alone,  only, 
38.  6;  51.  1;  67.  21. 

solus,  a,  um,  adj.,  alone,  only, 
3.  18;  28.  21  ;  34.  20,  etc.; 
without  assistance,  9.  25. 

solv5,  3,  vi,  utus,  loosen  ;  unbind, 
untie,  undo,  let  down,  26.  20  ; 
27.  2  ;  39.  18 ;  leave  land,  set 
sail,  weigh  anchor,  depart,  4. 
17,  22  ;  5.  26;  7.  16,  etc.;  pay, 
give,  25.  11. 


somnium,  1,  n.  [somnus],  dream, 

44.  25. 
somnus,  1,  m.,  sleep,  slumber,  10. 

3  ;  11.  20;  21.  13,  etc. 
SOnitus,  us,  M.,  noise,  sound,  20. 

6  ;   51.   12  ;    55.   8  ;    crackling, 

74.  16. 
sonorus,  a,  um,  adj.  [sonor,  noise], 

noisy,  loud,  resounding,  25.  21. 
sopor,  oris,  m.,  deep  sleep,  slum- 
ber, 28.  1 5. 
SOror,  oris,  F.,  sister,  39.    16,  20  ; 

46.  13. 
sororius,  a,  um,  adj.  [soror],  of 

a  sister,  sister's,  40.  8. 
SOrs,  rtis,  F.,  lot,  drawing  of  lot, 

decision,  27.   22  ;  sorte  evenit, 

the  lot  fell  to,  27.  20. 
sortior,  4  [sors],  cast  lots,  draw 

lots,  27.  19. 
spargo,  3,  si,  sus,  throw  about ; 

strew,  scatter,  sprinkle,  9.  20 ; 

10.  1  ;  11.  20. 
spatium,  1,  N.,  space,  interval,  dis- 
tance, 7.  13,  19;  39.  3  ;  of  time, 

8.  1  ;  27.  6;  30.  1,  etc. 
species,  — ,  ace.  em,  abl.  e,  sight ; 

appearance,      likeness,      form, 

looks,  2.  11  ;  6.  9  ;  8.    13,  etc.; 

pretence,  64.  9. 
spectaculum,    I,     n.     [spect5], 

means  of  seeing ;  public  show, 

spectacle,  exhibition,  35.  5,  7. 
specto,   1,  freq.,  look  at;  behold, 

look  on,  see,  38.  19. 
speculator,    oris,    m.    [speculor, 

spy  out],  looker-out ;  spy,  scout, 

73-  I. 

spelunca,  ae,  f.,  cave,  cavern,  den, 
20.  18,  20;  23.  15,  etc. 

spern5,  3,  sprevl,  spretus,  separ- 
ate;  despise,  scorn,  reject,  25. 10. 


VOCABULARY. 


191 


sperd,  i  [spes],  hope,  look  for,  ex- 
pect, 3.  13;  13.  13;  15.  12,  etc. 

spes,  spei,  f.,  hope,  4.  8 ;  7.  22  ; 
13-  4.  etc. 

spiritus,  us,  M.,  a  breathing; 
spirit,  spirits,  pride,  haughti- 
ness, 41.  2. 

splendidus,  a,  um,  adj.,  bright; 
magnificent,  showy,  fine,  hand- 
some, 66.  11  ;  superl.,  75.  7. 

splendor,  oris,  m.,  brightness; 
splendor,  magnificence,  sumptu- 
ousness,  75.  8. 

spolio,  1  [spolium],  strip;  strip, 
despoil,  rob,  plunder,  39.  13; 
58.  6. 

spolium,  I,  N.,  skin;  pi.,  arms 
stripped  from  an  enemy  ;  booty, 
spoil,  39.  15  ;  40.  1. 

spondeo,  2,  spopondi,  sponsus, 
promise  sacredly ;  give  assur- 
ance, pledge  oneself,  59.  4 ; 
72.  13. 

(sp5ns,  spontis),  f.,  free  will; 
only  abl.  sing.  (w.  sua),  of  one 's 
own  accord,  willingly,  volun- 
tarily, 19.  15. 

sponsus,  1,  m.  [p.  of  spondeo], 
one  promised ;  betrothed,  lover, 
39.  18,  22. 

spopondi.     See  spondeo. 

Spurinna,  ae,  m.,  a  soothsayer  in 
the  time  of  Caesar,  64.  3. 

stabulum,  I,  n.,  standing-place, 
stall,  enclosure,  9.  10. 

statim,  adv.,  at  once,  immediately, 
straightway,  6.  13  ;  7.  6;  8.  3 ; 
etc. 

statuo,  3,  ui,  utus  [status,  stand- 
ing^, cause  to  stand ;  stop,  halt, 
13.  14;  decide,  conclude,  deter- 
mine, 26.  2  ;  27.  9  ;  29.  10,  etc. 


statura,  ae,  f.,  standing ;  height, 
size,  stature,  64.  20. 

status,  us,  M.,  position  ;  state, 
condition,  63.  2. 

stercus,  I,  m.,  dung,  filth,  60.  12. 

sterilis,  e,  adj.,  unfruitful,  barren, 
unproductive,  48.  17. 

stirps,  pis,  F.,  trunk  (of  plants)  ; 
progeny,  family,  children,  40.  2. 

sto,  1,  stetl,  status,  stand ;  take 
position,  stand  still,  stop,  7.  17  ; 
16.    25  ;    29.   12,    etc. 

stolidus,  a,  um,  adj.,  dull,  rude, 
uncultivated,  coarse,  50.  10 ; 
52.  12;  55.  13. 

strenuus,  a,  um,  adj.,  brisk ;  ac- 
tive, vigorous,  able,  45.  21. 

stringo,  3,  nxi,  ictus,  draw  tight; 
draw,  unsheathe,  10.  12;  29. 
22  ;  30.  14,  etc. 

studeo,  2,  ui,  — ,  give  attention  ; 
strive,  apply  oneself,  56.  5. 

studium,  1,  N.,  application;  de- 
sire, eagerness,  35.  6;  pi.,  pur- 
suits, study,  practice,  g.  6  ;  75.  9. 

stultitia,  ae,  f.  [stultus],  folly, 
simplicity,  foolishness,  55.  II. 

stultus,  a,  um,  adj.,  foolish, 
simple,  stupid. 

stupens,  entis,  adj.  [p.  of  stupeo, 
be  stunned],  astounded,  amazed, 
struck  with  astonishment,  15.  3. 

suadeo,  2,  si,  sus,  advise,  recom- 
mend, induce,  persuade,  44.  1, 
22;  51.  16,  etc. 

suavitas,  atis,  f.  [suavis,  sweet], 
sweetness,  pleasantness,  agree- 
ableness,  48.  12. 

sub,  prep. :  w.  ace,  under,  beneath, 
40.  7  ;  towards,  about,  10.  3  ; 
22.  21  ;  w.  abl.,  under,  16.  23  ; 
46.  23. 


192 


VOCABULARY. 


subalaris,  e,  adj.  [ala],  under  the 
arm  ;  carried  under  the  arm, 
74.  17. 

subduco,  3,  xi,  ductus,  draw  from 
beneath ;  lead  away,  lead 
secretly,  40.  14  ;  draw  up,  beach, 
10.  23  ;  16.  24  ;  take  away,  re- 
move, 74.  17;  w.  reflex,  pron., 
withdraw,  steal  away,  68.  17. 

subeo,  Ire,  il,  itus,  go  under ; 
undergo,  submit  to,  sustain,  en- 
dure, 4.  12;  8.  11,  19,  etc.; 
take  on  one's  shoulders,  54.  4. 

subeundus,  p.  of  subeo. 

subicio,  3,  iecT,  iectus  [iacio], 
throw     under;    place     under, 

24.  15. 

subigd,  3,  egl,  actus  [ago],  drive 
under ;  put  down,  overcome, 
conquer,  subdue,  44.  15;  5g. 
26. 

subito,  adv.  [subitus],  coming  on 
suddenly ;  of  a  sudden,  sud- 
denly, 4.  23  ;   10.  3  ;   12.  6,  etc. 

subitus,  a,  um,  adj.,  that  comes 
unexpectedly  ;  sudden,  3.  6. 

sublatus.     See  tollo. 

sublev5,  1 ,  lift  from  beneath  ; 
raise,  lift,  support,  7.  4. 

sublicius,  a,  um,  adj.  [sublica, 
pile],  of  piles ;  p5ns,  the  Pile 
Bridge  (across  the  Tiber),  42.  4. 

sublimis,  e,  adj.,  uplifted ;  into 
the  air,  aloft,  on  high,  42.  13. 

submergd,  3,  si,  sus,  dip  under  ; 
sink,      overwhelm,      submerge, 

25.  1 5. 

suboles,  is,  F.,  shoot ;  offspring, 
progeny,  children,  33.  3.  Cf. 
stirps,  40.  2. 

subrideo,  2,  si,  — ,  laugh  slightly; 
smile,  51.  21. 


subsequor,  3,  cutus,  follow  up ; 
follow  on,  come  after,  62.  3. 

subsidium,  1,  n.,  that  sitting 
aside;  reserve,  help,  w.  com- 
pard,  make  provision,  provide, 

4.  I5j 

subsilio,  4,  ui,  — ,  leap  up,  51.  3. 

subsisto,  3,  stiti,  — ,  take  a  stand; 
remain,  stay,  64.  3. 

substituo,  3,  ui,  utus  [statuo], 
place  under ;  put  in  place  of, 
place  instead,  71.  24. 

SUbsum,  esse,  — ,  be  under  ;  be 
at  hand,  be  near,  66.  13. 

subter,  prep.  w.  ace,  underneath, 
below,  under,  52.  2. 

subvenio,  4,  veni,  ventus,  come 
up  ;  come  to  help,  aid,  assist, 
succor,  55.  18. 

subvolo,  i,—,—,ffy  up,  54.  6. 

succedo,  3,  cessi,  cessus,  go  be- 
low ;  follow,  succeed,  36.  23. 

succendd,  3,  ndi,  census,  kindle  be- 
neath ;  set  on  fire,  fire,  74.  14. 

successus,  (us),  m.  [succedo], 
coming  up;  success,  goodness, 
62.  18. 

siicus,  1,  M.,  juice,  sap,  8.  25. 

sufficio,  3,  feci,  fectus  [facio], 
make  or  put  under  ;  be  adequate 
or  enough,  suffice,  34.  16. 

sufflgd,  3,  — ,  fixus,  fasten  be- 
neath, attach;  crucibus,  cru- 
cify, 5g.  10. 

suffragor,  1,  — ,  vote  for,  support, 
favor,  69.  25. 

SUl,  gen.,  reflex,  pron.,  himself, 
herself,  itself,  etc.,  2.  18 ;  3. 
14;  4.  14,  etc. 

Sulla,  ae,  m.,  L.  Cornelius  Sulla, 
[b.c.  138-78],  Roman  Dictator 
58.  3- 


VOCABULARY. 


193 


sum,  esse,  fui,  futurus,  be,  2.  I, 
12,  13,  etc. 

summus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl. 
[for  supimus,  superus],  highest, 
greatest,  supreme,  very  great  or 
high,  3.  22  ;  6.  11  ;  8.  16,  etc.; 
excellent,  66.  5  ;  deepest,  5.  11 ; 
summa  vi,  with  might  and 
main,  7.  23  ;  summis  viribus, 
with  all  one's  strength,  12.  23; 
as  noun,  f.  (sc.  res),  highest 
place,  leadership,  supremacy, 
44.  25. 

sumo,  3,  mpsi,  mptus  [for  subi- 
mo],  take  up  ;  undertake,  enter 
upon,  begin,  35.  11  ;  inflict, 
30.  22. 

siimptuarius,  a,  um,  adj. 
[sumptus,  expense"],  of  expense, 
sumptuary,  63.  8. 

super,  adv.,  above,  33.  7 ;  39.  17  ; 
w.  sum,  be  left,  remain,  72.  10. 

super,  prep.  w.  ace,  over,  above, 
upon,\on,  38.  20  ;  39.  17  ;  42. 
11,  etc. 

superbe,  adv.  [superbus],  arro- 
gantly, proudly,  haughtily,  41. 
21;  53.  10. 

superbia,  ae,  f.  [superbus], 
proudness ;  haughtiness,  arro- 
gance, insolence,  53.  7. 

superbio,  4,  — ,  —  [superbus], 
be  haughty  ;  plume  oneself,  take 
pride,  50.  11. 

superbus,  a,  um,  adj.,  haughty. 

Superbus.     See  Tarquinius. 

superior,  ius,  adj.,  comp.  of 
superus,  high ;  upper,  higher, 
44.  10  ;  superior,  stronger,  61. 
J5  5  69.  5  5  former,  70.  16. 

supero,  1  [super],  be  above;  out- 
do, surpass,  be  superior  to,  75. 


8  ;  get  the  better  of,  overwhelm, 
60.  26  ;  74.  15. 

supersum,  esse,  f  ul,  be  over  ;  sur- 
vive, be  left,  remain,  39.  9; 
43-  10. 

superus,  a,  um,  adj.  [super], 
upper ;  Mare  Superum,  upper 
sea,  i.e.,  the  Adriatic,  63.  15. 

supervenio,  4,  veni,  ventus,  come 
in  addition ;  come  upon  the 
scene,  appear,  arrive,  34.  7. 

suppedito,  1,  freq.  [pes],  give  in 
abundance,  furnish  bountifully, 
supply  freely,  72.  9. 

supplicium,  I,  n.,  (supplex,  suppli- 
ant), a  kneeling  down  ;  punish- 
ment, penalty,  6.  6,  8;  24.  3,  etc. 

suppond,  3,posui,  positus,/*///^- 
low ;  place  under,  apply,  14.  25. 

supra,  adv.  [for  supera  parte], 
on  the  upper  side  ;  above,  before, 
beyond,  n.  16;  13.  7;  22.  14, 
etc. 

supremus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.  of 
superus,  high  ;  highest ;  last, 
latest,  supreme,  14.  8;  74.  28. 

Susamithres,  ae,  m.,  a  Persian 
noble,  74.  9. 

suscipio,  3,  cepi,  ceptus  [capio], 
take  under ;  take  upon  oneself, 
undertake,  begin,  3.  16  ;  6.  24; 
8.  9,  etc. 

suspendo,  3,  di,  pensus,  hang  up  ; 
hang,  suspend,  11.  12;  57.  3. 

suspicio,  3,  spexi,  spectus,  look 
up ;  look  at  secretly,  mistrust, 
suspect,  61.  13. 

suspicor,  1,  mistrust,  suspect,  16. 
8  ;  24.  17  ;  25.  4,  etc. 

sustentd,  1,  freq.  [sustineo],  hold 
up  ;  support,  sustain,  53.  11. 

sustineo,    2,  ui,   tentus   [tene5], 


194 


VOCABULARY. 


hold  under;   support,   sustain,  Symplegades,    um,    F.,  dashing 

bear  the  weight  of,  39.  12.  together ;       the      Symplegades, 

sustuli.     See  tollo.  dangerous  rocks  on  the  Euxine 

suus,  a,  um,  poss.  adj.  [sui],  of  Pontus,  7.  9. 

him,  her,  etc.,  2.4,   15;  6.7,  Syracusani,    drum,    m.,    Syracu- 

etc.  ;  as  noun,  m.,  his  men,  his  sans,  the  people  of  Syracuse  in 

friends,  46.  4  ;  69.  II.  Sicily,  67.  4. 


tacitus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  taceo, 
be  silent],  without  speaking, 
meditating,  silent,  14.  6. 

taenia,  ae,  f.,  band,  ribbon,  fillet, 
70.    26. 

talentum,  T,  n.,  talent  (about 
$1200),  59.  3;  73.  15. 

talis,  e,  adj.,  of  such  a  kind,  such, 

9.  20;  16.  6;  22.  23,  etc. 
tarn,  adv.,   in  such  a  degree ;  so 

much,  so  very,  so,  21.    12  ;  44. 

6  ;  52.  7,  etc. 
tamen,     adv.,     notwithstanding, 

nevertheless,   however,   yet,  for 

all  that,  2.  6,  11,  13,  etc. 
tamquam,   adv.,  as  much  as  ;  as 

if,  just  as  if,  50.  7. 
Tanaquil,  His,  f.,   wife  of  Tar- 

quinius  Priscus,  42.  13. 
tandem,  adv.  [tarn],  at  length,  at 

last,  finally,    5.  26 ;  8.  7  ;  13. 

22,  etc. 

tango,  3,  tetigl,  tactus,  touch, 
strike,  28.    17  ;  29.   22  ;  30.  9. 

tanto  Opere,  adv.,  so  earnestly,  so 
much,  so  greatly,  58.  15. 

tantum,  adv.   [tantus],  so  much, 

10.  26 ;    only,   merely,    7.    20 ; 
20.  10 ;  26.  6. 

tantus,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  such  size ; 
so  great,   such,  2.  7,  16  ;  4.  1, 

23,  etc. 


tarditas,  atis  [tardus,  slow], 
slowness,  heaviness,  48.  7. 

tardo,  1  [tardus,  slow],  make 
slow,  check,  stay,  prevent,   64. 

"5- 

Tarpeia,   ae,   f.,   a  Roman   girl 

who  betrayed  the  citadel  to  the 

Sabines,  35.  12. 
Tarquinii,  orum,  m.,  a  town  in 

Etruria,  42.  8. 
Tarquinius,    I,     m.,     an     early 

Roman  name;  Priscus,  42.  8 ; 

Super  bus,   45.    20;  Sextus,  46. 

14;   Collatinus,  46.  13. 
Tatius,  1,  M.,  Titus  Tatius,  leader 

of    the     Sabines    against   the 

Romans,  35.  14. 
taurus,  1,  m.,  bull,  8.  13;  9.  10, 

1 1 ,  etc. 
tectum,    1,    N.,    covering    thing; 

roof,  top,  48.  1,  2. 
tegd,  3,  texi,  tectus,  cover  ;  cover 

over,  conceal. 
telum,  T,  N.,  shaft;  dart,  spear, 

javelin,  weapon,  13.  3  ;  36.  3  ; 

43.  19,  etc. 
temere,  adv.,  by  chance ;  rashly, 

thoughtlessly,    indiscreetly,    21. 

16;  56.8. 
tempestas,    atis,     f.     [tempus], 

portion   of  time  ;  time,  period, 

42.  25;  weather,  4.  16  ;  5.  10  ; 


VOCABULARY. 


195 


ii.  6,  etc.;  storm,  tempest,  4.  5, 

23  ;  18.  14,  etc. 
templum,  I,  N.,  open  place  for  ob- 
servation ;   temple,  shrine,    59. 

22. 
tempus,   oris,   n.,  section;   time, 

hour,   season,   moment,  2.    15; 

3.  9 ;    4.  2,  etc.;    opportunity, 

chance,    66.    12  ;    69.    12  ;    pi., 

time,  season,  date,  34.  6  ;  occa- 
sion, 66.  10. 
tendo,  3,  tetendl,  tentus  or  ten- 

sus,   stretch,    hold  out,  61.  6  ; 

spread,  lay,  62.  1 6. 
teneo,  2,  ui,  — ,  hold ;  keep,  hold, 

7.  18  ;  34.  7;  56.  9,  etc.;  keep 

to,  hold,  follow,  4.   24  ;    6.   1  ; 

18.  15,  etc. ;  hold  back,  restrain, 

28.  2  ;  memoria,  remember,  11. 

1  ;  27.  12. 
tenuis,  e,  adj.,  drawn  out ;  thin, 

light,  29.  26. 
tergum,  I,  n.,  back,  19.  16;  24. 

9,  18,  etc.;  a  tergS,  in  the  rear, 

40.  16. 
term,   ae,   a,    distrib.    adj.    [ter, 

thrice],  three  each;  three  on  a 

side,  38.  16. 
terra,  ae,  F.,  dry  thing  ;  ground, 

land,  country,  5.   16;  6.  3  ;  8. 

3,  etc. 
terreo,  2,  ui,  itus,  alarm,  frighten, 

strike     with    terror,    40.     17  ; 

64.  2. 
terrestris,  e,  adj.  [terra],  of  the 

earth  ;  on  land,  land-,  70.  3. 
terribilis,  e,  adj.,  frightful,  dread, 

terrible,  11.  15  ;  20.  6  ;  23.  17, 

etc. 
territo,  1,  — ,  — ,  freq.  [terre5], 

put  in  terror  ;  frighten,  alarm, 

terrify,  50.  6. 


terror,  oris,  M.,  frightening ;  ter- 
ror, alarm,  20.  17 ;  21.  9  ;  42. 
2,  etc. 

tertio,  adv.  [tertius], /<7r  the  third 
time,  49.  12. 

tertium,  adv.  [tertius],  for  the 
third  time,  23.  4. 

tertius,  a,  um,  num.  adj.  [ter, 
thrice~\,  third,  31.  24;  39.  8; 
54.  19,  etc. 

testatior,  ius,  adj.,  comp.  of  tes- 
tatus  [p.  of  testor],  manifest, 
evident,  published,  68.  21. 

testis,  is,  M.  and  F.,  witness. 

testor,  1  [testis],  cause  to  testify  ; 
bear  witness,  attest,  60.  17. 

texo,  3,  xui,  xtus,  weave,  53. 
11. 

Thebae,  arum,  f.,  the  greatest 
city  of  Boeotia,  68.  18. 

Theopompus,  1,  m.,  a  Greek  his- 
torian of  Chios,  75.  3. 

Theramenes,  is,  m.,  an  Athenian 
general,  69.  25.  • 

Theseus,  el,  m.,  a  mythical  king 
of  Athens,  4.  10. 

Thessalia,  ae,  f.,  a  country  in  the 
northeastern  part  of  Greece, 
2.  1. 

Thracia,  ae,  f.,  a  country  north- 
east of  Greece,  6.  1. 

Thrax,   acis,  adj.,  Thracian,  72. 

15- 
Thrasybulus,   I,    m.,   a    famous 

Athenian  general,  69.  23. 
Thiicydides,  is,  m.,  a  celebrated 

Greek  historian  [B.C.  472-403], 

75-  2. 
Thurii,  orum,  m.,  a  city  of  Lu- 

cania,  in  Italy,  68.  13. 
Tiberis,  is,  m.,  the  river  Tiber, 

33-  7- 


196 


VOCABULARY. 


tigillum,  I,  N.,  dim.  [tignum,  tim- 
ber], small  beam,  bar,  40.  7,  8. 
Timaeus,  1,  m.,  a  Greek  historian, 

75-  3- 
timed,  2,  ul,  — ,  fear,  be  afraid, 

dread,  II.  3;  49.   11  ;  62.   10, 

etc. 
timidus,    a,    um,   adj.,  prone  to 

fear ;   fearful,   afraid,    faint- 
hearted, 48.  4;  51.  17. 
timor,    oris,    m.,  fearing ;  fear, 

dread,  alarm,  3.  6  ;  12.  11  ;  27. 

24,  etc. 
ting5,  3,  nxi,  Tnctus,  wet;  dye, 

color,  tinge,  16.  5. 
tintinnabulum,   I,   n.    [tintinno, 

ring],  means  of  ringing ;  bell, 

51.    12,   14. 
Tissaphernes,  is,  m.,  a  Persian, 

satrap  of  Lydia  and  Caria,  69. 

'5- 
titulus,  T,  M.,  superscription ;  in- 
scription, placard,    notice,    62. 

24.    • 

Titus,  I,  m.,  see  Tatius,  35.  14. 

toga,  ae,  f.,  covering  ;  cloak,  toga, 
64.  ti,  16. 

tollo,  3,  sustuli,  sublatus,  lift, 
raise,  35.  29;  53.  18;  carry 
away,  bear  aloft,  41.  II ;  set  up, 
raise,  23.  17,  23;  pick  up,  51. 
7  ;  of  anchors,  weigh,  5.  12; 
7.  16;  12.  15,  etc.;  w.  animos, 
raise  one's  spirits,  become  em- 
boldened, 41.  9;  take  away,  make 
away  with,  remove,  12.  11  ;  54. 
18;  63.  4;  74-  '• 

tonitrus,  us,  m.  [tono,  thunder], 
thundering,  thunder,  36.  14. 

totus,  a,  um,  adj.,  swollen;  entire, 
the  whole,  all,  4.  5  ;  9.  17,  23, 
etc. 


trabs,  trabis,  F.,  beam,  timber,  55. 

7>9- 

tracto,  1 ,  f  req.  [traho] ,  keep  draw- 
ing, feel  of,  handle,  24.  10. 

trado,  3,  didi,  ditus,  hand  over, 
surrender,  deliver,  8.  5 ;  7.  9, 
etc.  ;  entrust,  give  over,  71.  11 ; 
give  up,  abandon,  10.  2 ;  hand 
down,  33.  10;  64.  20;  relate,  re- 
count, tell,  4.  9;  33.  10. 

traduco,  3,  xi,  ductus,  lead  across; 
take,  transfer,  remove,  41.  24. 

traho,  3,  axi,  actus,  draw,  drag 
along,  39.  11;  drag,  lead  by 
force,  9.  11. 

traici5,  3,  iecl,  iectus  [iacio], 
throw  across  ;  cross,  pass  over, 
go  over,  34.  17;  58.  20 ;  61.  26, 
etc. ;  thrust  through,  pierce, 
stab,  64.  14. 

tranquillitas,  atis,  f.  [tranquil- 
lus],  calmness ;  stillness,  calm, 
quiet,  5.  11. 

trans,  prep.  w.  ace,  across,  be- 
yond, on  the  other  side  of  60. 
24. 

transeo,  ire,  il,  it  us,  go  across, 
cross,  3.  2  ;  29.  12  ;  40.  21;  59. 
12,  etc.;  go  over  to,  go  to,  46. 
6 ;  pass  over,  ascend,  36.  1 5  ; 
pass  through,  74.  21. 

transfigo,  3,  xi,  xus,  pierce 
through  ;  transfix,  stab  to  the 
heart,  21.  16;  3g.  21.  Cf. 
transfodi5. 

transfodio,  3,  fodl,  fossus,  pierce 
through;  stab,  run  through, 
transfix,  23.   14. 

transiliS,  4,  ul,  — ,  leap  across, 
jump  over,  34.  19. 

transmitto,  3,  misi,  missus,  send 
across,  place  or  erect  across,  40. 


VOCABULARY. 


197 


6  ;  go  across,  cross  over,  62.  3. 
Cf.  transeo. 

transports,  scarry  over;  carry, 
convey,  transport,  4.  3. 

trecenti,  ae,  a,  num.  adj.  [tres, 
centum],  three  hundred,^.  3. 

tredecim,  num.  adj.,indecl.  [tres, 
decern],  thirteen,  43.  7. 

trepidatid,  onis,  f.  [trepidS],  con- 
fused hurry  ;  alarm,  agitation, 
consternation,  61.  8. 

trepido,  1  [trepidus,  restless], 
hurry  with  alarm  ;  be  agitated, 
tremble,  be  afraid,  62.  9. 

tres,  tria,  num.  adj.,  three,  24.  13; 
25.  2 ;  36.  10,  etc. 

tribuo,  3,  ui,  utus  [tribus,  third 
part,  division],  assign,  bestow, 
confer,  give,  48.  9 ;  67.  2  ;  70. 
18  ;  71.  17. 

trigeminus,  a,  um,  adj.,  born 
three  at  a  birth  ;  pi.  M.,  triplet 
brothers,  triplets,  38.  10,  14. 

triginta,  num.  adj.,  indecl.,  thirty, 
36.  11  ;  38.  4;  41.  5,  etc. 

triremis,  e,  adj.  [ter,  thrice,  re- 
mus],  with  three  banks  of  oars, 
70.  4 ;  as  noun,  F.  (sc.  navis), 
trireme,  68.  12  ;  70.  14. 

triste,  adv.  [tristis],  sadly,  seri- 
ously, unfortunately. 

tristia,  ae,  f.  [tristis,  sad],  sad- 
ness, grief,  melancholy,  gloom, 
14.  6. 

triumpho,  1  [triumphus],  cele- 
brate a  victory,  triumph,  42. 
22  ;  62.  28. 

triumphus,  T,  m.,  celebration  of  a 
victory  by  a  public  entrance  into 
Rome ;  triumphal  procession, 
triumph,  62.  23. 

Troia,  ae,  f.,  Troy,  17.  1. 


tu,  tui,  pron.  of  second  person, 
thou,  you,  23.  7  ;  24.  1,  etc. 

tuba,  ae,  F.,  trumpet,  war-trumpet, 
50.  19- 

tubicen,  cinis,  m.  [tuba,  cano], 
trumpeter,  50.  17. 

tueor,  2,  tutus,  look  at ;  maintain 
guard,  defend,  protect,  63.  9. 

tuli.     See  fer5. 

Tullia,  ae,  f.,  daughter  of  Ser- 
vius  Tullius,  45.  9. 

Tullius,  i,  m.,  see  Servius,  43. 
21. 

Tullus,  T,  M.,  Tullus  Hostilius, 
third  king  of  Rome,  38.  5. 

turn,  adv.,  then,  at  that  time,  in 
those  days,  4.  14;  6.  5  ;  7.  17, 
etc. ;  cum  .  .  .  turn,  not  only .  .  . 
but  also,  72.  2. 

tumultuor,  1  [tumultus],  make  a 
disturbance,  be  noisy,  43.  13. 

tumultus,  us,  M.,  swelling ;  up- 
roar, confusion,  commotion,  45. 

tunc,  adv.  [turn],  at  that  very 
time  ;  at  that  time,  then,  33.  7  ; 
35.  29;  41.  2,  etc. 

turba,  ae,  f.,  a  crowding ;  com- 
motion, disturbance,  45.  15. 

turbS,  inis,  m.  [turba],  that  which 
whirls  ;  whirlwind,  hurricane, 
26.  22. 

tiitela,  ae,  f.,  watching ;  protec- 
tion, defence,  34.  16. 

tutor,  oris,  m.,  watcher;  guardian, 
tutor,  42.  19. 

tutus,  a,  um,  adj.  [p.  of  tueor, 
watch],  guarded ;  safe,  secure, 
12.  16;  25.  5  ;  49.  3,  etc. 

tuus,  a,  um,  adj.  [tu],  thy,  thine, 
your,  25.  10;  29.  16;  48.  6, 
etc. 


198 


VOCABULARY. 


tyrannis,  idis,  f.,  sway  of  a  ty-  tyrannus,  I,  m.,  monarch  ;  despot, 
rant ;  despotic  power,  absolute  tyrant,  one  of  the  "  Thirty," 
control,  71.  22.  73.  26. 


u 


uber,  eris,  N.,  udder,  breast,  teats, 

33-  II. 

ubi,  adv.,  in  which  place  ;  where, 

g.  17,  21  ;  10.   23,  etc.;  when, 

2.  6;  5.  26;  6.  24,  etc. 
ulclscor,  3,  ultus,  avenge  oneself 

on,  take  vengeance  on,  punish, 
_  16.  3- 

Ulixes,  1  or  el,  m.,  Ulysses,  18.  5. 
ullus,  a,   um,   adj.    [for   unulus, 

unus],  any  one,  any,  21.  7  ;  46. 

II  j  60.7- 
ultimus,  a,  um,  adj.,  superl.,  last, 

latest,  23.  8;  24.  21  ;  64.  5. 
ultra,  prep.  w.  ace,  on  the  other 

side;  beyond, past,  65.  I. 
umbra,  ae,  f.,  shade,  shadow,  16. 

23- 

umerus,  1,  m.,  upper  arm,  shoul- 
der, 39.  17;  64.  11. 

umquam,  adv.,  at  any  time,  ever 
(usu.  w.  neg.),  7.  6  ;  14.  20. 

una,  adv.  [unus],  in  the  same 
place;  at  the  same  time,  together, 

53-  9- 
uncle,  adv.,  from   which  place  ; 

from  which,  whence,  hence,  5. 

1  ;   13.  23;  25.  14,  etc.;  where, 

to  the  side  on  which,  38.  12. 
undecim,  num.  adj.,  indecl.  [unus, 

decern],  eleven,  37.  12. 
undique,  adv.  [unde],  from   all 

parts,  2.  25  ;  4.  8 ;  10.  10,  etc.; 

all  around,  everywhere,  on  all 

sides,  64.  16. 


unguentum,  I,  n.  [unguo],  oint- 
ment, salve,  8.  25  ;  9.  2 ;  31.  3. 

unguo,  3,  unxl,  iinctus,  smear, 
rub,  anoint,  31.  4. 

iiniversus,  a,  um,  adj.  [unus, 
versus],  all  together,  all,  every- 
body, 31.  9  ;  70.  12. 

unus,  a,  um,  adj.,  one,  2.  21  ;  15. 
22  ;  20.  10,  etc.;  alone,  64.  27; 

75-  5- 
iinusquisque   or  unus   quisque, 

uniuscuiusque,  pron.,  every  sin- 
gle one,  each  one,  56.  17. 

urbanus,  a,  um,  adj.  [urbs],  of 
the  city,  cultivated  ;  witty,  face- 
tious, humorous,  60.  16. 

urbs,  urbis,  f.,  walled  town,  city, 

2.  8  ;  8.  23  ;  13.  8,  etc. 

uro,  3,  ussi,  ustus,  burn,  consume, 

16.7. 
usque,  adv.,  all  the  way ;  even, 

as  far  as,  63.  16. 
iisurpo,  1   [usus],  seize  for  use ; 

make  use  of,  adopt,   enjoy,  64. 

24. 
filMj  us,  M.,  use,  service,   value ; 

pred.  dat.  w.  sum,  be  of  use,  3. 

21  ;  31.  23;   usu  veni5,  come  to 

pass,    really    happen,    68.    19; 

70.  25. 
Ut  (utl),  conj.  w.  subj.,   that,  in 

order  that,  so  that,  2.    20,  22  ; 

3.  12,  etc.;  w.  indie,  as,  when, 
10.  4;  11.  16;  13.  7,  etc. 

uter,  utris,  M.,  bag  of  hide,  leather 


VOCABULARY. 


199 


bag,  65.  6  ;  leather  bottle ;  skin 
(of  wine),  22.  22. 

uter,  tra,  trum,  interrog.  pron., 
which  of  two?  which?  27.  19; 
34.  12. 

uterque,  utraque,  utrumque, 
pron.,  one  and  the  other ;  each, 
both,  43.    15;  64.  11. 

utilis,  e,  adj.  [utor],  of  use ;  use- 
ful, suitable,  beneficial,  good,  37. 
22;  superl.,  most  expedient,  ad- 
visable, wise,  68.  15. 


utilitas,  atis,  f.  [utilis],  use ;  ad- 
vantage, profit,  benefit,  welfare, 
68.  27. 

utor,  3,  usus,  use,  employ,  make 
use  of,  4.  4;  15.   13;    70.    10. 

utrimque,  adv.  [uterque],  on 
both  sides,  one  on  each  side,  7. 

_   21  j  38.  15. 

uva,  ae,  f.,  grape,  cluster  of  grapes, 

51-3- 
uxor,   oris,   f.,  wife,  15.   24;  18. 
12;  34.  24,  etc. 


vagltus  (us),  m.  [vagio,  cry],  cry- 
ing, screaming,  cries,  33.  10. 

valde,  adv.  [for  valide],  strongly  ; 
very  much,  exceedingly. 

valeo,  2,  ui,  iturus,  be  strong,  14. 
18;  54.  11  ;  66.  8,  etc.  ;  have 
power,  avail,  succeed,  9.  13  ; 
15.  4;  29.  21,  etc. 

validus,  a,  um,  adj.,  strong, 
sound,  stout,  56.  2. 

vallum,  T,  N.  [vallus,  palisade], 
line  of  palisades ;  wall,  ram- 
part, 34.  16. 

vanus,  a,  um,  adj.,  containing 
nothing ;  empty,  idle,  ground- 
less, 62.  21. 

varius,  a,  um,  adj.,  of  different 
colors ;  different,  diverse,  vari 
ous,  16.  4. 

vas,  vasis,  n.,  pi.  vasa,  orum 
vessel,  dish,  utensil,  14.  24;  15 
1,  7,  etc. 

vastus,  a,  um,  adj.,  hollow 
empty ;  vast,  boundless,  im 
mense,  25.  20  ;  33.  9. 

vectigal,   alis,  n.,  payment  to  the 


state;  revenue,  tax,  tribute, 
73.  16. 

vegetus,  a,  um,  adj.,  enlivened ; 
bright,  animated,  spirited,  ac- 
tive, 64.  21. 

vehementer,  adv.  [vehemens, 
eager],  strongly,  vigorously, 
roughly,  25.  1 1 ;  31 .  27  ;  eagerly, 
earnestly,  22.  1. 

vend,  3,  vexi,  vectus,  bear,  62. 
10;  pass.,  be  borne,  ride,  drive, 
16.  21;  45.  13  ;  sail,  4.  19; 
12.  24;  18.  16,  etc. 

Veientes,  ium,  m.,  the  people  of 
Veii,  in  Etruria,  40.  12. 

vel,  conj.  [old  imper.  of  volo], 
choose ;  or;  vel  .  .  .  vel,  either 
.  .  .  or,  65.  5,  6;  66.  4;  67.  1. 

vellet.     See  volo. 

vellus,  eris,  n.,  wool ;  pelt,  fleece, 
3.  10,  12  ;  8.  4,  etc. 

velo,  1  [velum  veil],  veil,  cover, 
41.  14. 

velut  or  veluti,  adv.,  in  a  com- 
parison, as  if,  just  as,  26.  2 1  ; 
33.  12  ;  37.  27,  etc. 


200 


VOCABULARY. 


venatid,  orris,  f.  [venor],  hunting, 

chase,  9.  5  ;  59.   28. 
venenum,   1,    n.,   poison,  magic 

drug,  11.  18,  20  ;  16.  5,  etc. 
veneratio,     5nis,     f.      [veneror, 

reverence],     profound    respect, 

reverence,  59.  1. 
venia,  ae,  F.,  desire  ;  forgiveness, 

pardon,  58.  II. 
venio,     4,    venl,     ventus,    come, 

arrive,  2.   18,  20,  25,  etc.     See 

also  usus. 
venor,  1,  hunt,  33.  16  ;  75.  16. 
venter,  tris,  m.,  belly,  24.  15. 
ventus,  I,  m.,  wind,  7.    16;  25. 

21  ;  26.   5,  etc. 
venum,  1,  n.,  usually  ace,  that 

which  is  for  sale,  sale  ;  w.  d5, 

sell,  47.  2. 
verbum,    1,    n.,    /W    which   is 

spoken;   word,   30.   9,  12;   34. 

18,   etc. ;    saying,    64.    27  ;   w. 

facio,  speak,  71.  1. 
vere,   adv.    [verus],  according  to 

truth;  truly,  rightly,  72.  18. 
vereor,   2,   itus,  respect ;  fear,  be 

afraid,  2.  15  ;  19.  4;  24.  23. 
vero,   adv.    [verus],  in  truth,  in- 
deed, however,  but,  22.  14;  27. 

3;  34.  24,  etc. 
versS,  1,  freq.  [verto],  turn  often; 

pass.,    be   engaged,    be,    19.    4 ; 

28.  24. 
versus,  us,  m.,  line,  row ;    line, 

verse,  59.  18. 
verto,  3,  ti,  sus,  turn  ;  turn  back, 

direct,  20.  7. 
verum,  adv.   [verus],  truly ;  but 

in  truth,  but,  36.  6. 
verus,  a,  um,  adj.,  true  ;  re  vera, 

in  very  truth,  in  fact,  actually, 

2.  11  ;  15.  14;  55.  17. 


vescor,  3,  — ,  use  as  food,  feed 
upon,  eat,  enjoy  ;  w.  abl.,  19.  2  ; 
49.  6. 

vesper,  eri  or  eris,  m.,  evening 
star ;  evening,  10.  3  ;  19.3; 
22.  21. 

Vesta,  ae,  f.,  daughter  of  Saturn 
and  Ops,  goddess  of  flocks  and 
of  the  household,  33.  4. 

vester,  tra,  trum,  poss.  adj., 
your,  14.  16  ;  15.  5;  72.  26, 
etc. 

vestibulum,  T,  n.,  enclosed  space 
before  a  house  ;  entrance  court, 
vestibule,  43.  13. 

vestigium,  1,  n.,  bottom  of  the 
foot ;  trail,  track,  step,  foot- 
print, 5.  25. 

vestimentum,  1,  n.  [vestis],  cloth- 
ing, garment,  74.  20. 

vestis,  is,  f.,  covering  (for  the 
body)  ;  clothing,  vesture,  robe, 
16.  4,  6,  7,  etc. 

vetus,  eris,  adj.,  old,  aged. 

via,  ae,  f.,  way,  road,  street,  28. 
25;  40.  6;  51.  6,  etc.;  path, 
line,  7.  18;  49.  15;  way,  dis- 
tance, 53.  19  ;  w.  capio,  make 
way,  go,  11.  10  ;  journey,  voy- 
age,   march,    29.    7  ;     53.    19  ; 

65.  3- 

vicinitas,  atis,  f.  [vicinus],  near- 
ness ;  neighborhood,  vicinity, 
region,  74.  IX. 

vicinus,  a,  um,  adj.  [vicus], 
of  the  neighborhood ;  neighbor- 
ing, near,  34.  25  ;  as  noun,  m., 
neighbor,  55.  18. 

victor,  5ris,  m.,  he  who  conquers ; 
victor,  conqueror,  34.  15  ;  62. 
26  ;  70.  1,  etc. 

victoria,  ae,  f.,  conquering ;  vie- 


VOCABULARY. 


201 


tory,  triumph,  38.  12  ;  39.  10; 

44.  7,  etc. 

VICtus,  us,  M.,  sustenance,  nourish- 
ment, food,  18.  24  ;  manner  of 
living,    private    life,   66.     11  ; 

75-  14. 
vicus,  1,    M.,    row   of  dwellings ; 
quarter,  district,  part  of  a  city, 

45.  17  ;  village,  hamlet,  19.  6; 

59.  13- 
videlicet,  adv.  [videre  licet],  one 

may    see;     to    wit,   of   course, 

namely,  35.  17. 
video,  2,  vidi,  vlsus,  see,  perceive, 

look  at,  behold,  3.   6;  5.  8,  20, 

etc. ;  pass.,  seem,   appear,   34. 

16;  39.  25;  63.  26,  etc. 
viduus,   a,   um,   adj.,   bereft,   de. 

prived  of ;    w.  mulier,  widow, 

53-  ". 

vigeo,  2,  ui, — ,  be  lively;  be 
strong,  thrive,  flourish,  be 
honored,  70.  2. 

vigilia,  ae,  f.  [vigil,  awake], 
a  watching ;  watch,  guard,  12. 

viginti,  num.  adj.,  indecl.,  twenty, 

27.  20;  59.  2  ;  64.  17. 
villa,  ae,  f.,  country  house,  villa, 

farm,  28.  4  ;  29.  8. 
vimen,     inis,     N.,    pliant    twig; 

withe,  osier,  24.  14. 
Viminalis,    e,   adj.    [vimen],  of 

osiers ;       Vitninal      Hill      (in 

Rome),  44.  15. 
vincio,  4,  nxT,   nctus,   tie ;  bind, 

fetter,  19.  16. 
vinclum.     See  vinculum, 
vinco,    3,    vicT,    vlctus,    conquer, 

overcome,  defeat,  vanquish,  35. 

27  ;  40.    17;  61.    8,    etc.;  sur- 
pass, outdo,  75.  15. 


vinculum  or  vinclum,  1,  n.  [vin- 
ci5],  binding  thing  ;  pi.,  fetters, 
chains,  so  prison,  25.  22  ; 
33-  6. 

vindico,  1  [vindex,  defender], 
claim  as  one's  own,  demand, 
appropriate,  54.  19;  avenge,  re- 
quite, punish,  overtake,  35.  20  ; 
61.  19. 

vinum,  i,  n.,  wine,  19.  8;  22.  22, 
24,  etc. 

violentus,  a,  um,  adj.  [vis],  full 
of  force ;  impetuous,  violent, 
fierce,  45.  7. 

viold,  1  [vis],  treat  with  violence  ; 
abuse,  outrage,  59.  19,  20  ;  74. 
8 ;     dishonor,    pollute,     insult, 

•  68.  8. 

vir,  1,  M.,  male  person;  man, 
hero,  9.  21,  24;  10.  2,  etc.; 
husband,  36.  4;  42.  15;  46. 
24. 

virga,  ae,  f.,  slender  green 
branch  ;  rod,  stick,  52.  19. 

virgd,  inis,  f.,  young  girl,  virgin, 
maiden,  6.  9;  35.  9,  10,  etc. 

virgula,  ae,  f.,  dim.  [virga],  little 
twig,  small  rod,  52.  17. 

virtus,  utis,  f.  [vir],  manhood ; 
strength,  valor,  courage,  bra- 
very, 6.  18  ;  18.  5;  24.  13,  etc.; 
virtue,  good  quality,  66.  4. 

vis,  (vis),  F.,  strength,  power, 
powers,  might,  9.  1,  5;  15. 
1  ;  16.  6,  etc. ;  force,  strength, 
violence,  2.  16  ;  4.  5 ;  5.  22, 
etc. ;  quantity,  number,  crowd, 
34.  23 ;  attack,  outbreak,  67. 
13;  w.  summa  or  summls, 
with  might  and  main,  with 
all  one's  might,  7.  23  ;  12. 
23- 


202 


VOCABULARY. 


vis.     See  void. 

viso,  3,  si,  sus,  freq.  [vide5],  look 

at  attentively  ;  see,  view,  behold, 

70.  13. 
visus,  us,  M.  [video],  a  looking ; 

sight,    vision,    29.    25;  43.   25; 

64.    2 ;      appearance,    seeming, 

43-  23. 
vita,    ae,  f.,  life,  9.    5;  14.    10; 

16.  13,  etc. ;  public  life,  66.  1 1  ; 

75.  8. 
vitis,     is,     F.,     vine,   grapevine, 

31-  3- 

vitium,  1,  N.,  fault,  failing,  de- 
fect, vice,  57.  2  ;  66.  4. 
Vlto,     1,     shun,   avoid,    54.    13  ; 

seek    to    escape,   avoid,    escape, 

7.  10. 
vividus,  a,  um,  adj.,  full  of  life, 

animated. 
VIVO,  3,  vlxi,  —  ,  be  alive,  14.  9  ; 

/z'z^,  dwell,  reside,  3.  1 ;  74.  24 ; 

75.  16. 
vivus,  a,  um,  adj.,  «/zzv,  living, 

53.  2;  56.    10;  74.   7,  etc.  ;  of 

water,  running,  45.  1. 
vix,    adv.,   with    effort;    hardly, 

scarcely,  barely,  16.   11;  28.  1, 

23,  etc. 
vocifero,  1,  — ,  atus    [v5x],   cry 

out,  cry  aloud,  shout,  bawl,  43. 

vocito,  1,  freq.  [voco],  be  wont  to 
call,  call  habitually,  name,  67. 
10. 

VOCO,  1,  speak;  call,  name,  call 
by  the  name  of,  34.  15  ;  call, 
summon,  6.  20  ;  43.  14. 

Volcanus,  1,  m.,  Vulcan,  god  of 
fire,  20.  15. 

VOlgO,  adv.    [volgus],  among  the 


crowd ;    generally,    commonly, 
36.  15  ;  70.  26. 
VOlgus,    1,    N.,    mass,   multitude, 
people,  crowd,  70.   14;  72.  11  ; 

73-  I. 

volitd,  1,  freq.  [volo],  keep  fly- 
ing ">  fly  about,  flutter,  42.  12  ; 
hasten,  61.  2. 

VOlnero,  1  [volnus],  wound,  in- 
jure, hurt,  23.  24  ;  24.  1  ;  38. 
21,  etc. 

volnus,  eris,  N.,  wound,  injury, 
hurt,  10.  14;  39.  11  ;  43.  19, 
etc. 

volo,  velle,  volui,  — ,  be  willing ; 
will,  wish,  determine,  3.  14; 
8.  12  ;  10.  11,  etc. 

volo,  1,  avi,  aturus,  fly,  speed,  7. 

19 ;  36.  3- 

volpecula,  ae,  f.,  dim.  [volpes], 

little  fox,  54.  6. 
volpes,  is,  f.,  fox,  49.  9  ;  51.  3  ; 

54.  10,  etc. 
voltur,     uris,     M.,     vulture,    34. 

14. 
voltus,  us,  M.,  expression  of  the 

face  ;  features,  looks,  mien,  34. 

2  ;  countenance,  face,  eyes,  63. 

22. 
volucer,  cris,  ere,  adj.,  winged ; 

as  noun,    f.   (sc.   avis),  flying 

creature,  bird,  6.  10;  7.  2. 
voluntas,    atis,    f.    [v5lo],   will, 

wishes. 
voluptas,  atis,  F.,  satisfaction,  en- 
joyment, pleasure,  23.  3. 
vos,  pi.  of  tu,  you,  14.  22  ;  15. 

5,6. 
votum,    I,    n.     [p.     of    voveo], 

promise  to  a  god  ;  wish,  prayer, 

54.2. 


VOCABULARY. 


203 


voveo,     2,     v5vi,     votus,     vow,         out;  voice,  word,   20.  24;   21. 

pledge,  promise,  35.  29.  10  ;  25.  9,  etc. 

vox,   v5cis,    F.,   that  which   calls 


Zephyrus,  T,  m.,  Zephyr,  a  gentle     Zetes,  ae,  m.,  an  Argonaut,  son 
west  wind,  26.  6.  of  the  North  Wind,  7.  3. 


ADVERTISEMENTS 


LATIN  TEXT-BOOKS. 


tNTROD.    PRICE. 

Allen  and  Greenough :  Latin  Grammar $1.20 

Shorter  Latin  Grammar .95 

Caesar,  with  vocabulary 1.25 

New  Cicero,  with  vocabulary 1.40 

Ovid,  with  vocabulary 1.50 

Sallust's  Catiline,  60  cents;  Cicero  de  Senectute 50 

Allen :  Introduction  to  Latin  Composition 90 

Remnants  of  Early  Latin 75 

Germania  and  Agricola  of  Tacitus 1.00 

Collar :  Gate  to  Caesar,  40  cents ;  New  Gradatim 50 

Practical  Latin  Composition 1.00 

Collar  and  Daniell :  First  Latin  Book 1.00 

Beginner's  Latin  Book 1.00 

College  Series  of  Latin  Authors : 

Allen's  Annals  of  Tacitus,  Books  I.-VI 1.50 

Bennett's  Dialogus  de  Oratoribus  of  Tacitus 75 

Greenough's  Satires  and  Epistles  of  Horace 1.25 

Greenough's  Livy,  Books  I.  and  II 1.25 

Greenough  and  Peck's  Livy,  Books  XXI.  and  XXII...      1.25 

Kellogg's  Brutus  of  Cicero 1.25 

Merrill's  Catullus 1.40 

Smith's  Odes  and  Epodes  of  Horace 1.50 

Crowell:  Selections  from  the  Latin  Poets 1.40 

Crowell  and  Richardson:  Bender's  Roman  Literature 1.00 

Ferguson:       Questions  on  Caesar  and  Xenophon 1.12 

Ginn  &  Company:  Classical  Atlas 2.00 

Gepp  and  Haigh:  Latin-English  Dictionary 1.30 

Greenough  and  Kittredge:    New  Virgil:    Aeneid,  I.-VI.,  with 

vocabulary 1.50 

Bucolics  and  Aeneid,  I.-VI. ,  with  vocabulary 1.60 

Gudeman:       Dialogus  de  Oratoribus 2.75 

Keep  :  Essential  Uses  of  the  Moods .25 

Latin  School  Classics :  Clark's  Erasmus .50 

Collar's  Aeneid,  Book  VII .45 

Collar's  Aeneid,  Book  VII.,  with  translation 45 

D'Ooge's  Viri  Romae .75 

Humphreys'  Quintus  Curtius 50 

Roberts'  Nepos 75 

Tetlow's  Aeneid,  Book  VIIL,  with  vocabulary .45 

Tetlow's  Aeneid,  Book  VIIL,  without  vocabulary .35 

Lord:  Roman  Pronunciation  of  Latin 35 

Rivi  Tiburtini.    Metres  of  Horace  set  to  music 50 

Moulton:         Preparatory  Latin  Composition 80 

Post :  Latin  at  Sight 80 

Stickney:        Cicero  de  Natura  Deorum 1.40 

Terence:  Adelphoe,  Phormio,  Heauton  Timorumenos  (1  vol.)..      1.00 

Thacher:         Madvig's  Latin  Grammar 2.25 

White:             Latin-English  Lexicon,  $1.00;  English-Latin  Lexicon..      1.50 
Latin-English  and  English-Latin  Lexicon 2.25 


Descriptive  Circulars  of  our  Latin  books  sent,  postpaid,  on 
application.     The  above  list  is  not  complete. 


CINN  &  COMPANY,  Publishers, 

Boston.  New  York.  Chicago.  Atlanta.  Dallas. 


GREEK  TEXT-BOOKS. 


INTROD.    PRICE. 

Baird:  Greek-English  Word-List $0.30 

Collar  and  Daniell:  Beginner's  Greek  Composition 90 

D'Ooge:  Greek  Composition  Tablet 20 

Flagg:  Hellenic  Orations  of  Demosthenes 1.00 

Seven  against  Thebes 1.00 

Goodwin:        Greek  Grammar 1.50 

Greek  Moods  and  Tenses 2.00 

Greek  Reader 1.50 

Goodwin  and  White :  New  Anabasis,  with  Illustrated  Vocabulary..      1.50 

Selections  from  Xenophon  and  Herodotus 1.50 

Greek  School  Classics  Series :  Bain's  Odyssey,  Book  VI 35 

Gleason's  Gate  to  the  Anabasis 40 

SewalPs  Timon  of  Lucian 50 

Harding :        Strong  and  Weak  Inflection  in  Greek 50 

Jebb  :  Introduction  to  the  Study  of  Homer 1.12 

Liddell  and  Scott:  Greek  English  Lexicon,  $9.40;  Abridged 1.25 

Nicolson  :        Plutus  of  Aristophanes : 80 

Rizo-Rangabe :  Modern  Greek  Method 2.00 

Seymour:        Homer's  Illiad   (School  Edition)  with  Vocabulary, 

Books  I.-IIL,  $1.25;  Books  I.-VI 1.60 

Language  and  Verse  of  Homer 75 

Homeric  Vocabulary. 75 

Sidgwick:       Greek  Prose  Composition 1.50 

Tyler :  Selections  from  Greek  Lyric  Poets 1.00 

White :  Beginner's  Greek  Book,  $1.50 ;  First  Lessons 1.20 

First  Greek  Book 

Oedipus  Tyrannus  of  Sophocles 1.12 

Passages  for  Translation  at  Sight,  Part  IV 80 

White  and  Morgan :  Anabasis  Dictionary 1.25 

Allen :  Wecklein's  Prometheus  Bound  of  Aeschylus,  $1.40. 
Beckwith :  Bacchantes  of  Euripides,  $1.25. 
Bennett:  Xenophon's  Hellenica,  Books  V.-VIL,  $1.40. 
D'Ooge :  Antigone  of  Sophocles,  $1.40. 
Dyer :  Plato's  Apology  and  Crito,  $1.40. 
Flagg :  Euripides'  Iphigenia  among  the  Taurians,  $1.40. 
Fowler:  Thucydides,  Book  V.,  $1.40. 
Humphreys :  Clouds  of  Aristophanes,  $1.40. 
•  Lodge :  Gorgias  of  Plato,  $1.65. 
Manatt:  Xenophon's  Hellenica,  Books  I.-IV.,  $1.65. 
Morgan :  Eight  Orations  of  Lysias,  $1.40. 
Morris :  Thucydides,  Book  I.,  $1.65. 
Perrin:   Homer's  Odyssey,  Books  I.-IV.,  $1.40;   Books  V.-V1IL, 

$1.40. 
Richardson :  Aeschines  against  Ctesiphon,  $1.40. 
Seymour :  Homer's  Iliad,  Books  I.-IIL,  $1.40;  Books  IV.-VL,  $1.40. 
Smith:  Thucydides,  Book  III.,  $1.65;  Book  VII.,  $1.40. 
.  Towle :  Protagoras  of  Plato,  $1.25. 

Editions  of  the  Text  are  issued  separately.    Each,  40  cents, 


The  above  list  is  not  complete. 

CINN   &   COMPANY,  Publishers, 

Boston.    New  York.    Chicago.    Atlanta.    Dallas. 


LATIN   AND   GREEK   SCHOOL  CLASSICS. 


The  following  volumes  are  in  preparation: 

CICERO'S  LETTERS.    Selections.     Edited  by  J.  H.  Dillard,  Profes- 
sor of  Latin,  Tulane  University,  New  Orleans,  La. 

SALLUST'S  CATILINE.     Edited  by  W.  Gordon  MacCabe,  Principal 
of  University  School,  Petersburg,  Va. 

CICERO'S  PRO  Ml  LONE.     Edited  by  Willard  K.  Clement,  Professor 
of  Latin  and  Greek,  University  of  Idaho. 

CAESAR,  Civil  War,  Book  III.    Edited  by  E.  H.  Atherton,  Master  in 
Girls'  Latin  School,  Boston. 

CAESAR,  Gallic  War,  Book  I.     Edited  by  Arthur  W.  Roberts. 

CAESAR,  Gallic  War,  Book  V.     Edited  by  M.  Grant  Daniell,  Princi- 
pal of  Chauncy-Hall  School,  Boston. 

CAESAR,  Gallic  War,  Books  VI.  and  VII.   Edited  by  D.  O.  S.  Lowell, 
Teacher  of  Latin,  Roxbury  Latin  School. 

OVID.     Selections.     2  vols.     Edited  by  William  T.  Peck,  Principal 
of  Classical  Department,  High  School,  Providence,  R.I. 

QUINTUS  CURTIUS.   Selections.   Edited  by  Willard  C.  Humphreys, 
Professor  of  Latin,  College  of  New  Jersey. 

AENEID,  Book  VI.    Edited  by  Mr.  Tetlow. 

AENEID,  Book  IX.     Edited  by  Edward  H.  Cutler,  Principal  of  Pre- 
paratory School  for  Boys,  Newton,  Mass. 

AENEID,  Book  X.     Edited  by  E.  S.  Hawes,  Instructor  of  Latin  and 
Greek  in  Polytechnic  Institute,  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

ANABASIS,  Book  V.     Edited  by  A.  G.  Rolfe,  Instructor  of  Greek, 
Hill  School,  Pottstown,  Pa. 

ILIAD,  Book  XXII.    Edited  by  F.  H.  Howard,  Instructor  of  Latin  and 
Greek,  Colgate  Academy,  Hamilton,  N.Y. 

ODYSSEY,  Book  IX.     Edited  by  Julius  H.  Sachs,  Principal  of  Sachs' 
Collegiate  Institute,  New  York  City. 

ODYSSEY,  Book  VII.     Edited  by  Charles  W.  Bain. 

ODYSSEY,  Book  XII.    Edited  by  Richard  A.  Minckwitz,  Professor  of 
Greek  and  Latin  in  High  School,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

HELLENIC  A,  Book  II.    Edited  by  Clifford  H.  Moore,  Assistant  Pro- 
fessor of  Latin,  University  of  Chicago. 

XENOP RON'S  CYROPAEDIA,  Book  VII.     Edited  by  E.  G.  Coy,  Head- 
master of  the  Hotchkiss  School,  Lakeville,  Conn. 


TEACHERS  OF  LATIN  COMMEND 


Greenough's  New  Virgil 


E.  P.  Crowell,  Professor  of  Latin, 
Amherst  College,  Amherst,  Mass.: 
Worthy  of  being  heartily  commended 
to  every  teacher  and  student  of  Virgil. 

"W.  B.  Owen,  Professor  of  Latin, 
Lafayette  College,  Easton,  Pa.:  In 
every  respect  it  is  the  best  Virgil  with 
which  I  am  acquainted. 

Chas.  S.  Halsey,  Principal  Union 
Classical  Institute,  Schenectady,  N.Y.: 
It  is,  in  my  judgment,  the  best  Virgil  for 
school  use. 

F.  M.  Austin,  Instructor  in  Latin, 
Wesleyan  Academy,  Wilbraham, 
Mass.:  I  feel  better  disposed  toward 
it  than  toward  any  text-book  of  Virgil 
which  has  appeared  in  the  market  in 
recent  years. 

E.  C.  Benson,  Professor  of  Latin, 
Kenyon  College,  Gambier,  Ohio:  The 
book  is  worthy  of  all  commendation. 

G.  A.  H.  Fraser,  Professor  of  Latin, 
Colorado  College,  Colorado  Springs, 
Colo.:  No  nearer  approach  to  the  ideal 
text-book  has  been  made  in  the  country. 

D.  0.  S.  Lowell,  Instructor  in  Latin, 
Latin  School,  Roxbury,  Mass. :  I  have 
long  tried  to  teach  the  great  poet  in 
as  literary  a  manner  as  possible,  and 
this  book  emphasizes  just  the  points 
which  have  been  too  long  neglected. 

Edith  C.  Westcott,  Principal  of 
Western  High  School,  -Washington, 
D.C.:  I  am  glad  to  express  my  un- 
qualified admiration  of  a  work  at  once 
so  attractive  and  scholarly. 

F.  E.  Rockwood,  Professor  of  Latin, 
Bucknell  University,  Lewisburg,  Pa.: 
An  improvement  upon  an  already  ex- 
cellent Virgil. 


R.  A.  Condit,  Professor  of  Ancient 
Languages,  Coe  College,  Cedar  Rapids, 
Iowa:  Without  doubt  it  is  the  best 
edition  for  school  purposes  of  any  of 
the  different  Virgils. 

Chas.  P.  Lynch,  Teacher  of  Latin, 
High  School,  Cleveland,  Ohio:  The 
book  is  one  of  rare  qualities  not  only 
as  a  Latin  book  but  as  an  English 
text,  for  the  sidelights  along  the  line 
of  English  literature  are  especially 
pleasing. 

Clara  E.  Millerd,  Instructor  in 
Greek  and  Latin,  Iowa  College,  Grin- 
nell,  Iowa :  It  is  a  great  improvement 
upon  what  was  already  a  very  good 
book. 

Leroy  Stephens,  President  of 
Western  Pa.  Classical  and  Scientific 
Institute,  Mt.  Pleasant,  Pa.:  We  like 
it  and  in  proof  of  our  liking  it  we  have 
introduced  the  book. 

Wilson  A.  Deily,  Principal  Schuyl- 
kill Seminary,  Fredericksburg,  Pa.: 
An  ideal  text-book  to  put  into  the 
hands  of  students. 

Edw.  C.  Downing,  Professor  of 
Latin,  Macalester  College,  St.  Paul, 
Minn.:  It  is  the  most  attractive  Virgil 
that  I  have  seen. 

H.  N.  Herrick,  Professor  of  Latin, 
Eureka  College,  Eureka,  III.:  I  am 
highly  pleased  with  the  New  Virgil 
which  I  am  using  in  my  classes.  The 
whole  book  is  attractive. 

Geo.  L.  Plimpton,  Instructor  in 
Latin  and  Greek,  New  Hampshire 
Conference  Seminary,  Tilton,  N.H.: 
No  other  Virgil  in  the  market  com- 
pares with  it. 


GINN  &  COMPANY,  Publishers,  Boston,  New  York,  Chicago. 


ANABASIS 
DICTIONARY 


An  illustrated  Dictionary  to  Xenophon's 

Anabasis,  with  Groups  of  words 

etymologically  related. 


By 


JOHN  WILLIAMS  WHITE,  Professor  of  Greek,  and 

MORRIS  H.  MORGAN,  Assistant  Professor  of  Greek 

and  Latin,  in  Harvard  University. 


i2mo.     Cloth.     290  pages.     For  introduction,  $1.25. 


This  Dictionary  is  not  a  compilation  from  other  vocabularies, 
but  is  made  on  the  basis  of  a  new  collection  and  examination  of  all 
the  words  in  the  Anabasis  itself.  It  contains  all  words  found  in 
any  of  the  principal  editions  now  in  use  both  here  and  in  Germany, 
with  every  meaning  which  each  word  has  in  the  Anabasis,  and 
with  full  references  to  the  passages  in  which  they  occur. 

The  articles  on  geography,  biography,  and  especially  on  public 
and  private  antiquities,  are  fuller  than  is  usual  in  such  a  work, 
and  are  illustrated  with  nearly  one  hundred  cuts  taken  from  the 
antique. 

This  Dictionary  is  also  bound  with  Goodwin  and  White's  New  Anabasis. 


John  TetlOW,  Head-Master  of  Girls' 
Latin  School,  Boston,  Mass. :  If  all  spe- 
cial vocabularies  were  like  this,  there  could 
be.  and  would  be,  no  question  as  to  their 
title  to  supersede  the  lexicon  as  a  speedy 
and  trustworthy  guide  to  the  full  inter- 
pretation of  an  author's  meaning. 

D.  W.  Abercrombie,  Principal  of 

Worcester  A  cademy,  Worcester,  Mass.  : 
Altogether  the  very  best  I  have  ever  seen. 
Leaves  nothing  to  be  desired.  It  must 
prove  to  be  of  the  greatest  helpfulness  to 
the  work  in  Greek  in  preparatory  schools. 

F.  W.  Freeborn,  Master  in  Latin 
School,  Boston,  Mass. :  This  Vocabulary 
is  decidedly  the  most  perfect  and  satis- 
factory I  have  ever  seen  in  any  text-book. 

F.  E.  Welles,  Professor  of  Greek, 
State  Normal  School,  Geneseo.  N  Y. : 
The  most  admirable  book  for  language 
students. 


William  McAfee,  Professor  of  Greek, 
Claverack  College,  N.Y. :  It  will  set  the 
example  for  an  advance  all  along  the  line. 

Walter  B.  Jacobs,  Teacher  of  Greek, 
High  School,  Providence,  R.I. :  Un- 
doubtedly the  best  thing  of  its  kind. 

E.  J.  Feck,  Principal  of  Free  Acad- 
emy, Oiuego,  N.  Y. :  A  most  valuable 
addition  to  our  preparatory  Greek  text- 
books. 

A.  Eugene  Nolen,  Teacher  of  Greek, 
High  School,  Fitchburg,  Mass. :  Supe- 
rior in  every  respect  to  all  others. 

E.  E.  Wolfe,  Collegiate  Institute,  Fort 
Edward,  N.Y. :  The  teacher  could  ask 
nothing  better. 

Theo.  L.  Seip,  President  Muhlenberg 
College,  Penn. :  The  very  best. 

William  R.Tyler,  Principal  of 

Adams  Academy,  Quincy,  Mass.:  Most 
valuable. 


CINN    &   COMPANY,  Publishers, 

Boston.    New  York.    Chicago.    Atlanta.    Dallas. 


Preparatory  Latin  Composition 

By  F.  P.  MOULTON,  A.M., 

Teacher  of  Latin  in  the  Hartford  High  School, 

WITH    REVISION    AND    EDITORIAL  ASSISTANCE    BY 

WILLIAM  C.  COLLAR,  A.M., 

Head- Master  Roxbury  Latin  School. 


12mo.  Cloth,  xiii  + 142  pages.  For  introdnction,  80  cents. 


This  book  has  grown  out  of  the  author's  own  experience,  and  has 
been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  most  advanced  aims  and  methods 
of  teaching  Latin  composition. 

The  exercises  are  designed  and  graded  to  accompany  the  daily  work 
of  translation,  and  contain  ample  material  for  the  fullest  preparatory 
course.  The  book  contains  connected  passages  based  on  each  chapter 
of  the  first  four  books  of  Caesar,  and  on  six  orations  of  Cicero ;  there 
are  also  supplementary  exercises  for  sight  tests. 

While  the  words,  idioms,  and  constructions  required  in  translating 
into  Latin  may  all  be  found  in  the  text,  the  author  has  avoided  the 
mistake  of  merely  putting  together  parts  of  different  sentences,  taken 
from  the  text  unchanged,  which  the  pupil  may  hunt  up  and  put  to- 
gether without  knowing  the  construction  of  the  sentence. 

The  exercises  have  been  carefully  constructed  so  as  to  preserve  the 
narrative,  style,  and  spirit  of  the  original.  The  utmost  care  has  been 
taken  to  lead  the  pupil  to  observe,  appreciate,  and  use  the  proper  con- 
junctions and  pronouns  which  mark  the  transitions  from  one  sentence 
to  another  in  Latin. 

It  has  been  the  constant  aim  of  the  author  to  lead  the  pupil  to  ac- 
quire a  working  knowledge  of  grammar,  so  that  he  may  rely  more  upon 
himself  and  less  upon  the  teacher.  Instead  of  telling  the  pupil,  for 
instance,  whether  to  use  the  subjunctive  or  infinitive,  reference  has 
been  made  to  the  grammar  to  the  principle  involved,  so  that  the  pupil 
learns  his  grammar  as  he  needs  it,  and  applies  it  as  he  learns  it. 

The  plan  has  been  adopted  of  giving  numerous  cross-references,  to 
foster  the  habit  of  comparing  various  passages  in  which  a  given  con- 
struction, or  idiom,  occurs,  —  a  practice  invaluable  to  the  student  at 
every  stage  of  his  progress. 

GINN  &  COMPANY,  Publishers,  Boston,  New  York,  and  Chicap, 


MATHEMATICAL  TEXT-BOOKS. 


For  Higher  Grades. 


Anderegg  and  Roe:  Trigonometry $0.75 

Andrews:        Composite  Geometrical  Figures 50 

Baker:  Elements  of  Solid  Geometry .80 

Beman  and  Smith:  Plane  and  Solid  Geometry 1.25 

Byerly:  Differential  Calculus,  $2.00 ;  Integral  Calculus 2.00 

Fourier's  Series 3.00 

Problems  in  Differential  Calculus 75 

Carhart:  Field-Book,  $2.50 ;  Plane  Surveying 1.80 

Comstock:       Method  of  Least  Squares 1.00 

Faunce:  Descriptive  Geometry 1.25 

Hall :  Mensuration 50 

Halsted:  Metrical  Geometry 1.00 

Hanus :  Determinants 1.80 

Hardy:  Quaternions,  $2.00 ;  Analytic  Geometry 1.50 

Differential  and  Integral  Calculus 1.50 

Hill :  Geometry  for  Beginners,  $1.00 ;  Lessons  in  Geometry..        .70 

Hyde:  Directional  Calculus 2.00 

Macf arlane :  Elementary  Mathematical  Tables 75 

Osborne:         Differential  Equations 50 

Peirce  (B.  0.):  Newtonian  Potential  Function 1.50 

Peirce  (J.  M.) :  Elements  of  Logarithms,  .50 ;  Mathematical  Tables..        .40 

Runkle:  Plane  Analytic  Geometry 2.00 

Smith:  Coordinate  Geometry 2.00 

Taylor:  Elements  of  the  Calculus 1.80 

Tibbets  :  College  Requirements  in  Algebra 50 

Wentworth:  High  School  Arithmetic 1.00 

School  Algebra,  $1.12;  Higher  Algebra 1.40 

College  Algebra 1.50 

Elements  of  Algebra,  $1.12:  Complete  Algebra 1.40 

New  Plane  Geometry 75 

New  Plane  and  Solid  Geometry 1.25 

Plane  and  Solid  Geometry  and  Plane  Trigonometry..      1.40 

Analytic  Geometry 1.25 

Geometrical  Exercises 10 

Syllabus  of  Geometry .25 

New  Plane  Trigonometry 40 

New  Plane  Trigonometry  and  Tables 90 

New  Plane  and  Spherical  Trigonometry 85 

New  Plane  and  Spherical  Trig,  with  Tables 1.20 

New  Plane  Trig,  and  Surveying  with  Tables 1.20 

New  Plane  and  Spher.  Trig.,  Surv.,  with  Tables 1.35 

New  Plane  and  Spher.  Trig.,  Surv.,  and  Navigation..      1.20 

Wentworth  and  Hill:  Exercises  in  Algebra,  .70;  Answers 25 

Exercises  in  Geometry,  .70;  Examination  Manual 50 

Five-place  Log.  and  Trig.  Tables  (7  Tables) 50 

Five-place  Log.  and  Trig.  Tables  (Complete  Edition)      1 .00 

Wentworth,  McLellan,  and  Glashan:  Algebraic  Analysis 1.50 

Wheeler:         Plane  and  Spherical  Trigonometry  and  lables 1.00 


Descriptive  Circulars  sent,  postpaid,  on  application. 
The  above  list  is  not  complete. 


GINN    &    COMPANY,    Publishers, 

Boston.  New  York.  Chicago.  Atlanta.  Dallas. 


Leading  Facts  of  History  Series 

By  D.  H.  MONTGOMERY. 

A  series  of  sterling  text-books  on  history  for  schools, 
academies,  and  colleges. 


The  Beginner's  American  History.  Cloth.  234  pages.  Fully 
illustrated  with  new  maps  and  pictures.  For  introduction, 
60  cents. 

The  Leading  Facts  of  American  History.  Half  morocco.  365 
pages,  besides  colored  maps  and  full-page  illustrations,  with  an 
Appendix  of  67  pages.     For  introduction,  $1.00. 

The  Student's  American  History.  For  high  schools  and  colleges. 
Cloth.  pages.     For  introduction, 

The  Leading  Facts  of  English  History.  Rewritten  and  enlarged, 
with  maps  and  tables.     Cloth.     445  pages.     For  introduction, 

$1.12. 

The  Leading  Facts  of  French  History.  Cloth.  321  pages,  with 
fourteen  black  and  colored  maps,  and  full  tables.  For  intro- 
duction, $1.12. 

Mr.  Montgomery's  histories  are  universally  acknowl- 
edged to  be,  in  their  departments,  unequalled  in  scholarship, 
in  true  historic  insight  and  temper,  in  interest  and  class- 
room availability.  They  are  admittedly  the  leading  text- 
books on  their  subjects.  Their  popularity  and  wide  use 
have  been  duly  proportionate  to  their  merits.  Hundreds  of 
schools  and  colleges  have  introduced  them,  and  all  report 
the  greatest  satisfaction. 

In  brief,  the  attractive  and  enduring  qualities  of  Mr. 
Montgomery's  books  have  proved  them  preeminently  supe- 
rior to  all  other  historical  text-books. 


GlNN  &  COMPANY,   Publishers, 

Boston.    New  York.    Chicago.    Atlanta.    Dallas. 


FULL  OF  LIFE  AND  HUMAN  INTEREST 


HISTORIES 

FOR  HIGH  SCHOOLS  AND  COLLEGES. 

By  PHILIP  VAN  NESS  MYERS, 

Professor  of  History  and  Political  Economy  in  the  University  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 

AND 

WILLIAM    F.  ALLEN, 

Late  Professor  of  History  in  the  University  of  Wisconsin. 


Myers's  General  History.  Half  morocco.  Illustrated.  759  pages. 
For  introduction,  $1.50. 

Myers's  History  of  Greece.  Cloth.  Illustrated.  577  pages.  For 
introduction,  $1.25. 

Myers's  Eastern  Nations  and  Greece.  (Part  I.  of  Myers's  and  of  Myers 
and  Allen's  Ancient  History.)  Cloth.  369  pages.  For  introduc- 
tion, $1.00. 

Myers  and  Allen's  Ancient  History.  (Part  I.  is  Myers's  Eastern 
Nations  and  Greece.  Part  II.  is  Allen's  Short  History  of  the 
Roman  People.)  Half  morocco.  763  pages.  Illustrated.  For 
introduction,  #1.50. 

Myers's  Ancient  History.      (Part  I.  is  Myers's  Eastern  Nations  and 

Greece.     Part  II.  is  Myers's  Rome.)     Half  morocco.     617  pages. 

Illustrated.     For  introduction,  $1.50. 
Myers's  History  of  Rome.     (Part  II.  of   Myers's  Ancient  History.) 

Cloth.     230  pages.     For  introduction,  $1.00. 
Allen's  Short  History  of  the  Roman  People.    (Part  II.  of  Myers  and 

Allen's  Ancient  History.)     Cloth.     370  pages.     For  introduction, 

$1.00. 

Myers's  Outlines  of  Mediaeval  and  Modern  History.  Half  morocco. 
740  pages.     For  introduction,  $1.50. 

A  philosophical  conception  of  history  and  a  broad  view  of  its  devel- 
opments, accurate  historical  scholarship  and  liberal  human  sympathies 
are  the  fundamental  characteristics  of  these  remarkable  histories.  The 
hand  of  a  master  is  shown  in  numberless  touches  that  illuminate  the 
narrative  and  both  stimulate  and  satisfy  the  student's  curiosity. 

Schoolroom  availability  has  been  most  carefully  studied,  and  typo- 
graphical distinctness  and  beauty,  maps,  tables  and  other  accessories 
have  received  their  full  share  of  attention. 


GT.NN    &   COMPANY,   PUBLISHERS. 


English  Composition  and  Rhetoric 

Text-books  and  works  of  reference  for 
high  schools,  academies,  and  colleges. 


Lessons  in  English.  Adapted  to  the  study  of  American  Classics.  A 
text-book  for  high  schools  and  academies.  By  Sara  E.  H.  Lock- 
wood,  formerly  Teacher  of  English  in  the  High  School,  New  Haven 
Conn.    Cloth.    403  pages.    For  introduction,  $1.12. 

A  Practical  Course  in  English  Composition.  By  Alphonso  G.  New- 
comer, Assistant  Professor  of  English  in  Leland  Stanford  Junior 
University.     Cloth.     249  pages.     For  introduction,  80  cents. 

A  Method  of  English  Composition.  By  T.  Whiting  Bancroft,  late 
Professor  of  Rhetoric  and  English  Literature  in  Brown  University. 
Cloth.     1 01  pages.     For  introduction,  50  cents. 

The  Practical  Elements  of  Rhetoric.  By  John  F.  Genung,  Professor 
of  Rhetoric  in  Amherst  College.  Cloth.  483  pages.  For  intro- 
duction, $1.25. 

A  Handbook  of  Rhetorical  Analysis.  Studies  in  style  and  invention, 
designed  to  accompany  the  author's  Practical  Elements  of  Rhetoric. 
By  John  F.  Genung.  Cloth.  306  pages.  Introduction  and  teachers' 
price,  $1.12. 

Outlines  of  Rhetoric.  Embodied  in  rules,  illustrative  examples,  and  a 
progressive  course  of  prose  composition.  By  John  F.  Genung. 
Cloth.     331  pages.     For  introduction,  $1. 00. 

The  Principles  of  Argumentation.  By  George  P.  Baker,  Assistant 
Professor  of  English  in  Harvard  University.  Cloth.  414  pages.  For 
introduction,  $1.12. 

The  Forms  of  Discourse.  With  an  introductory  chapter  on  style.  By 
William  B.  Cairns,  Instructor  in  Rhetoric  in  the  University  of 
Wisconsin.     Cloth.     356  pages.     For  introduction,  $1.15. 

Outlines  of  the  Art  of  Expression.  By  J.  H.  Gilmore,  Professor  of 
Logic,  Rhetoric,  and  English  in  the  University  of  Rochester,  N.Y. 
Cloth.     117  pages.     For  introduction,  60  cents. 

The  Rhetoric  Tablet.  By  F.  N.  Scott,  Assistant  Professor  of  Rhetoric, 
University  of  Michigan,  and  J.  V.  Denney,  Associate  Professor  of 
Rhetoric,  Ohio  State  University.  No.  1,  white  paper  (ruled).  No.  2, 
tinted  paper  (ruled).  Sixty  sheets  in  each.  For  introduction,  15  cents. 

Public  Speaking  and  Debate.  A  manual  for  advocates  and  agitators. 
By  George  Jacob  Holyoake.  Cloth.  266  pages.  For  intro- 
duction, $1.00. 


GlNN  &  COMPANY,   Publishers, 

Boston.    New  York.    Chicago.    Atlanta.    Dallas. 


JOHNSTON'S  WALL  MAPS. 

Engraved  by    W.   &  A.   K.   JOHNSTON,   Edinburgh,  Scotland. 

The  whole  series  is  of  uniform  and  convenient  size , 
namely,  50  x  42  inches.    Any  map  sold  separately. 

For  introduction,  $3.00.     Mounted  separately  on  spring  rollers,  #4.00, 

or  in  veneer  case,  #4.50. 

A  set  of  seven  maps  on  spring  rollers,  in  Ruberg  patent  oak  case,  $30.00. 

Johnston's  Wall  Maps  are  the  most  complete,  handsome,  and 
substantial  school  maps  ever  published. 

They  can  be  used  in  connection  with  any  text-book  on  geography. 

Names  are  all  engraved  in  plain  Roman  letters.     No  key  required. 

They  are  engraved  on  copper-plates,  and  therefore  lines  and  letters 
are  shown  with  great  beauty  and  distinctness.  They  have  heavy  cloth 
backs,  are  mounted  on  rollers,  and  are  varnished;  the  best  material 
only  being  used. 

Political  Geography.  —  *Eastern  and  Western  Hemispheres  (one  Map).  *World, 
Mercator's  Projection.  Eastern  Hemisphere.  Western  Hemisphere.  *Europe.  England. 
Scotland.  Ireland.  British  Isles.  Canada.  Nova  Scotia,  etc.  *United  States.  South 
America.  France.  Spain  and  Portugal.  Italy.  Central  Europe.  Orkney  and  Shetland. 
*Asia.  India.  *Africa.  Cape  Colony.  *America.  North  America.  Australia.  New 
Zealand  (in  Counties).    Pacific  Ocean. 

Classical  and  Scriptural  Geography,  —  Caesar  de  Bello  Gallico.  Orbis  Veteribus 
Notus.  Italia  Antiqua.  Graecia  Antiqua.  Asia  Minor.  Orbis  Romanus.  Travels  of  St. 
Paul.  Outline  Map  of  Countries  bordering  on  Mediterranean.  Canaan  and  Palestine. 
Bible  Countries. 

Physical  Geography.  —  World,  in  Hemispheres.  Europe.  Asia.  Africa.  America. 
Those  starred  may  be  had  as  Outline  Maps. 

HI  TTI    IMP     /VTA  PQ  Prepared  for  purposes  of 

^J^>  *  L*H^I-*    nit\I~&*  Instruction  and  Examination. 

Now  ready  :  Greece,  Greece  and  Italy,  Europe,  United  States.  Each,  about  8  x  12 
inches.     Retail  price,  3  cents.  

THE  JOSLIN  TERRESTRIAL,  CELESTIAL,  AND 
SLATED   GLOBES. 

6-inch  Globe  (Terrestrial  or  Celestial),  Semi-Frame,  retail,  $5.00. 
10-inch  Globe  (Terrestrial  or  Celestial),  Semi-Frame,  retail,  12.00. 
12-inch  Globe  (Terrestrial  or  Celestial),  Semi-Frame,  retail,    17.00. 

Mounted  in  Full  Wood  Frames,  and  suited  to  the  working  of  problems,  £4.00 
more  on  each  Globe.     Slated  Globes  of  each  style,  15  per  cent  less. 
No  charge  for  packing.     Liberal  discount  to  the  trade  and  to  schools. 


GINN   &   COMPANY'S   CLASSICAL  ATLAS. 

Cloth.   7%  x  12  inches.    For  introduction,  $2.00. 


GINN    &    COMPANY,    Publishers 

Boston.     New  York.     Chicago.     Atlanta.     Dallas. 


GINN  &  COMPANY'S 
NEW   CLASSICAL  ATLAS. 


Crown  Octavo.    Cloth.    Mailing  Price,  $2.30;  Introduction,  $2.00. 
Sold  in  Great  Britain  for  about  $3.12. 


EDITORS. 

A.  Keith  Johnston,  James  Cranstoun,  F.R.G.S. 

Rt.  Hon.  W.  E.  Gladstone,  Prof.  William  F.  AUen, 

AND    OTHERS. 


SPECIAL    FEATURES. 

21  Double-Page  Colored  Maps. 
40  Small  Colored  Maps. 

A  Concise  and  Comprehensive  Sketch  of  Ancient  Geography. 
Longitude  given  from  Greenwich  and  from  Ferro. 
Routes  of  Alexander,  Xenophon,  Hannibal,  etc.,  indicated. 
A   Complete    Index,  giving  both   the  Ancient  and  the  Modern 
Names,  and  with  a  new  method  of  referring  to  the  Maps. 

Completeness,    Accuracy,     Uniformity,    Distinctness,    Durability, 
Beauty,  and  Cheapness. 

The  former  edition  was  used  and  recommended  by  nearly  all  the  leading 
Classical  Schools  of  Great  Britain  and  the  United  States. 


A  Sample  Copy  sent  postpaid  on  receipt  of  the  Introduction  Price, 


GINN    &    COMPANY,    Publishers, 

Boston,  New  York,  and  Chicago. 


UNIVERSITY  OF   CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 


YB  41173 

U.C.BERKELEY  LIBRARIES 


<:D145^:L75A3 


